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Dicloxacillin Side Effects

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Apr 22, 2024.

Applies to dicloxacillin: oral capsules.

Side effects include:

GI effects (nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, loose stools, diarrhea, flatulence); hypersensitivity reactions.

Managing side effects (general information)

For healthcare professionals

Applies to dicloxacillin: oral capsule, oral powder for reconstitution.

Gastrointestinal adverse events

Gastrointestinal side effects have included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, black or hairy tongue, epigastric discomfort, flatulence, loose stools, and pseudomembranous colitis.[Ref]

Hematologic

Hematologic side effects have included neutropenia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Other penicillins have been associated with agranulocytosis and bone marrow depression.[Ref]

Hepatic

Hepatic side effects have included transient changes in SGOT, hepatotoxicity, and cholestatic hepatitis. Serum transaminase levels may take several weeks to return to normal following discontinuation of therapy.[Ref]

Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity reactions have included rash, fever, eosinophilia, pruritus, urticaria, angioneurotic edema, anaphylactic reactions (bronchospasm, hypotension, vascular collapse, death), laryngeal edema, laryngospasm, serum-sickness-like symptoms, fever, chills and myalgias.[Ref]

Renal

Renal side effects have rarely included renal failure. Increases in serum creatinine and acute renal failure have been reported with higher doses (3 to 4 grams daily) using an intravenous formulation, in postoperative patients with advanced age. Other penicillins have been associated with renal tubular damage and interstitial nephritis (rash, fever, eosinophilia, hematuria, proteinuria, renal insufficiency).[Ref]

References

1. (2002) "Product Information. Dynapen (dicloxacillin)." Apothecon Inc

2. Kleinman MS, Presberg JE (1986) "Cholestatic hepatitis after dicloxacillin-sodium therapy." J Clin Gastroenterol, 8, p. 77-8

3. Olsson R, Wiholm BE, Sand C, Zettergren L, Hultcrantz R, Myrhed M (1992) "Liver damage drom flucloxacillin, cloxacillin and dicloxacillin." J Hepatol, 15, p. 154-61

4. Siegmund JB, Tarshis AM (1993) "Prolonged jaundice after dicloxacillin therapy." Am J Gastroenterol, 88, p. 1299-300

5. Saab S, Venkataramani A, Yao F (1996) "Possible granulomatous hepatitis after dicloxacillin therapy." J Clin Gastroenterol, 22, p. 163-4

6. Shelley WB, Shelley ED (1985) "Shoreline nails: sign of drug-induced erythroderma." Cutis, Mar, p. 220-2

7. Nordbring F (1984) "Is dicloxacillin nephrotoxic." Acta Orthop Scand, 55, p. 405-6

8. Isacson J, Collert S (1984) "Renal impairment after high doses of dicloxacillin-prophylaxis in joint replacement surgery." Acta Orthop Scand, 55, p. 407-10

9. Wahlstrom O, Maller R, Larsson R, Kagedal B (1992) "Effects of hip arthroplasty and peroperative dicloxacillin prophylaxis on renal function." Scand J Infect Dis, 24, p. 85-8

Further information

Dicloxacillin side effects can vary depending on the individual. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

Note: Medication side effects may be underreported. If you are experiencing side effects that are not listed, submit a report to the FDA by following this guide.

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