Zaleplon Disease Interactions
There are 8 disease interactions with zaleplon:
- Alcohol Intox
- Depression
- Drug Dependence
- Liver Disease
- Glaucoma
- Liver Disease
- Resp Depression
- Renal Dysfunction
Anxiolytics/Sedatives/Hypnotics (Includes Zaleplon) ↔ Alcohol Intox
Severe Potential Hazard, High plausibility
Applies to: Acute Alcohol Intoxication
Anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic agents should generally not be given to patients with acute alcohol intoxication exhibiting depressed vital signs. The central nervous system depressant effects of these agents may be additive with those of alcohol. Severe respiratory depression and death may occur. Therapy with such agents should be administered cautiously in patients who might be prone to acute alcohol intake.
References
- "Product Information. Aquachloral Supprettes (chloral hydrate)." Medisca, Plattsburg, NY.
- "Product Information. Sonata (zaleplon)" Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
- "Product Information. Equanil (meprobamate)." Wallace Laboratories, Cranbury, NJ.
- "Product Information. Ambien (zolpidem)." sanofi-aventis, Bridgewater, NJ.
- "Product Information. Placidyl (ethchlorvynol)." Abbott Pharmaceutical, Abbott Park, IL.
Anxiolytics/Sedatives/Hypnotics (Includes Zaleplon) ↔ Depression
Severe Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility
Applies to: Depression
A variety of abnormal thinking and behavior changes have been reported to occur in association with the use of most anxiolytics, sedatives and hypnotics. Some of these changes include decreased inhibition, aggressiveness, agitation, and hallucinations. These drugs can cause or exacerbate mental depression and cause suicidal behavior and ideation. Therapy with these drugs should be administered cautiously in patients with a history of depression or other psychiatric disorders. Patients should be monitored for any changes in mood or behavior. It may be prudent to refrain from dispensing large quantities of medication to these patients.
References
- "Product Information. Ambien (zolpidem)." sanofi-aventis, Bridgewater, NJ.
- "Product Information. Placidyl (ethchlorvynol)." Abbott Pharmaceutical, Abbott Park, IL.
- "Product Information. Sonata (zaleplon)" Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
- "Product Information. Equanil (meprobamate)." Wallace Laboratories, Cranbury, NJ.
- "Product Information. Aquachloral Supprettes (chloral hydrate)." Medisca, Plattsburg, NY.
Anxiolytics/Sedatives/Hypnotics (Includes Zaleplon) ↔ Drug Dependence
Severe Potential Hazard, High plausibility
Applies to: Alcoholism, Drug Abuse/Dependence
Anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic agents have the potential to cause dependence and abuse. Tolerance as well as physical and psychological dependence can develop, particularly after prolonged use of excessive dosages, and abrupt cessation and/or a reduction in dosage may precipitate withdrawal symptoms. In patients who have developed tolerance, overdosage can still produce respiratory depression and death. Therapy with anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic agents should be administered cautiously and for as brief a period as possible. Addiction-prone individuals, such as those with a history of alcohol or substance abuse, should be under careful surveillance or medical supervision when treated with these agents. In addition, it may be prudent to refrain from dispensing large quantities of medication to such patients. After prolonged use or if dependency is suspected, withdrawal of medication should be undertaken gradually using a dosage-tapering schedule.
References
- Gericke CA, Ludolph AC "Chronic abuse of zolpidem." JAMA 272 (1994): 1721-2
- Cavallaro R, Regazzetti MG, Covelli G, Smeraldi E "Tolerance and withdrawal with zolpidem." Lancet 342 (1993): 374-5
- "Product Information. Placidyl (ethchlorvynol)." Abbott Pharmaceutical, Abbott Park, IL.
- "Product Information. Aquachloral Supprettes (chloral hydrate)." Medisca, Plattsburg, NY.
- "Product Information. Ambien (zolpidem)." sanofi-aventis, Bridgewater, NJ.
- "Product Information. Equanil (meprobamate)." Wallace Laboratories, Cranbury, NJ.
- "Product Information. Sonata (zaleplon)" Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
Zaleplon (Includes Zaleplon) ↔ Liver Disease
Severe Potential Hazard, High plausibility
Applies to: Liver Disease
Zaleplon is primarily metabolized by the liver. The oral clearance of zaleplon has been shown to decrease by 70% and 87% in patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, respectively, compared to healthy patients. Associated plasma drug concentrations were markedly increased by several-fold. Therapy with zaleplon is not recommended in patients with severely impaired hepatic function. The dosage should be reduced to 5 mg in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment.
References
- "Product Information. Sonata (zaleplon)" Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
- Dooley M, Plosker GL "Zaleplon - A review of its use in the treatment of insomnia." Drugs 60 (2000): 413-45
Anxiolytics/Sedatives/Hypnotics (Includes Zaleplon) ↔ Glaucoma
Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility
Applies to: Glaucoma/Intraocular Hypertension, Urinary Retention
Some hypnotic drugs can have an anticholinergic effect and should be used with caution in patients with glaucoma, and trouble urinating due to retention or enlarged prostate.
Anxiolytics/Sedatives/Hypnotics (Includes Zaleplon) ↔ Liver Disease
Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility
Applies to: Liver Disease
In general, anxiolytics, sedatives and hypnotics are extensively metabolized by the liver. Their plasma clearance may be decreased and their half-life prolonged in patients with impaired hepatic function. Therapy with these drugs should be administered cautiously in patients with liver disease (some are not recommended in severe liver impairment), and the dosage should be adjusted accordingly. Laboratory testing is recommended prior and during treatment.
Anxiolytics/Sedatives/Hypnotics (Includes Zaleplon) ↔ Resp Depression
Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility
Applies to: Asphyxia, Pulmonary Impairment, Respiratory Arrest
Oral anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic agents may cause respiratory depression and apnea when given in high dosages or following acute overdose. However, some patients may be susceptible at commonly used dosages, including the elderly, debilitated or severely ill patients, those receiving other CNS depressants, and those with limited ventilatory reserve, chronic pulmonary insufficiency or other respiratory disorders. Therapy with anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic agents should be administered cautiously in these patients. Appropriate monitoring and individualization of dosage are recommended.
References
- "Product Information. Placidyl (ethchlorvynol)." Abbott Pharmaceutical, Abbott Park, IL.
- "Product Information. Ambien (zolpidem)." sanofi-aventis, Bridgewater, NJ.
- "Product Information. Aquachloral Supprettes (chloral hydrate)." Medisca, Plattsburg, NY.
- "Product Information. Equanil (meprobamate)." Wallace Laboratories, Cranbury, NJ.
- "Product Information. Sonata (zaleplon)" Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
- Murciano D, Aubier M, Palacios S, Parients R "Comparison of zolpidem (Z), triazolam (T), and flunitrazepam (F) effects on arterial blood gases and control of breathing in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)." Chest 97 Suppl (1990): s51-2
- Lheureux P, Debailleul G, De Witte O, Askenasi R "Zolpidem intoxication mimicking narcotic overdose: response to flumazenil." Hum Exp Toxicol 9 (1990): 105-7
- Greenberg SB, Faerber EN "Respiratory insufficiency following chloral hydrate sedation in two children with Leigh disease (subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy)." Pediatr Radiol 20 (1990): 287-8
- Biban P, Baraldi E, Pettennazzo A, Filippone M, Zacchello F "Adverse effect of chloral hydrate in two young children with obstructive sleep apnea." Pediatrics 92 (1993): 461-3
Zaleplon (Includes Zaleplon) ↔ Renal Dysfunction
Moderate Potential Hazard, Low plausibility
Applies to: Renal Dysfunction
Zaleplon is excreted in the urine almost exclusively as metabolites and their glucuronides. The pharmacokinetics of zaleplon are not altered in patients with renal insufficiency. According to the manufacturer, dosage adjustments are not necessary in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. However, caution may be appropriate if the drug is used in patients with severe renal impairment, since data establishing its safety and efficacy are lacking in such patients.
References
- "Product Information. Sonata (zaleplon)" Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
- Dooley M, Plosker GL "Zaleplon - A review of its use in the treatment of insomnia." Drugs 60 (2000): 413-45
zaleplon drug Interactions
There are 718 drug interactions with zaleplon
zaleplon alcohol/food Interactions
There is 1 alcohol/food interaction with zaleplon
Drug Interaction Classification
Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit. | |
Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances. | |
Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan. | |
No information available. |
Do not stop taking any medications without consulting your healthcare provider.
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