Drug Interaction Report
2 potential interactions and/or warnings found for the following 2 drugs:
- leflunomide
- Tralement (copper sulfate / manganese sulfate / selenium / zinc sulfate)
Interactions between your drugs
zinc sulfate leflunomide
Applies to: Tralement (copper sulfate / manganese sulfate / selenium / zinc sulfate), leflunomide
Theoretically, agents that are thought to have immunostimulant properties such as echinacea, vitamin E, cat's claw, and zinc may antagonize the pharmacologic effects of immunosuppressants. However, clinical cases of drug interactions have not been reported.
References (8)
- Miller LG (1998) "Herbal medicinals: selected clinical considerations focusing on known or potential drug-herb interactions." Arch Intern Med, 158, p. 2200-11
- Pepping J (1999) "Echinacea." Am J Health Syst Pharm, 56, p. 121-2
- Izzo AA, Ernst E (2001) "Interactions between herbal medicines and prescribed drugs: a systematic review." Drugs, 61, p. 2163-75
- Therapeutic Research Faculty (2008) Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. http://www.naturaldatabase.com
- (2024) "Product Information. Ashwagandha (ashwagandha)." Now Foods, 1
- (2024) "Product Information. Vyvgart (efgartigimod alfa)." Argenx UK Ltd
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements Ashwagandha https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/ashwagandha
- Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I (2001) "The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines" Eur Cytokine Netw, 12, p. 290-6
Drug and food interactions
leflunomide food
Applies to: leflunomide
GENERALLY AVOID: The consumption of alcohol during therapy with leflunomide may potentiate the risk of liver injury. Leflunomide has been associated with hepatotoxicity, including elevated liver transaminases, hepatitis, jaundice/cholestasis, hepatic failure, and acute hepatic necrosis,
MANAGEMENT: Patients should be advised to avoid excessive alcohol use during leflunomide treatment.
References (3)
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."
- Canadian Pharmacists Association (2006) e-CPS. http://www.pharmacists.ca/function/Subscriptions/ecps.cfm?link=eCPS_quikLink
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information."
Therapeutic duplication warnings
No duplication warnings were found for your selected drugs.
Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.
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Drug Interaction Classification
| Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit. | |
| Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances. | |
| Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan. | |
| No interaction information available. |
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