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Glucotrol XL Disease Interactions

There are 7 disease interactions with Glucotrol XL (glipizide).

Major

Oral hypoglycemic agents (applies to Glucotrol XL) cardiovascular risk

Major Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Cardiovascular Disease

The use of oral hypoglycemic agents may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to treatment with diet alone or diet with insulin. This warning is based on the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP) study, a long-term prospective clinical trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of glucose-lowering drugs in preventing or delaying vascular complications in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Patients treated with diet plus a fixed dosage of either tolbutamide (a sulfonylurea) or phenformin (a biguanide) for 5 to 8 years had a cardiovascular mortality rate approximately 2.5 times that of patients treated with diet alone, resulting in discontinuation of both these treatments in the study. Despite controversy regarding interpretation of these results, clinicians and patients should be aware of the potential risk when making treatment decisions for diabetes, particularly in the presence of underlying cardiovascular disease. Data are not available for other sulfonylureas or biguanides, nor for hypoglycemic agents belonging to other classes. However, given the similarities in chemical structure and/or mode of action, the same caution should be applied.

References

  1. "Product Information. Diabinese (chlorpropamide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  2. "Product Information. Glucotrol (glipizide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  3. "Product Information. Diabeta (glyburide)." Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
  4. "Product Information. Amaryl (glimepiride)." Hoechst Marion Roussel PROD (2001):
  5. "Product Information. Prandin (repaglinide)." Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc PROD (2001):
  6. "Product Information. Tolinase (tolazamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  7. "Product Information. Orinase (tolbutamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  8. "Product Information. Dymelor (acetohexamide)." Lilly, Eli and Company PROD (2001):
View all 8 references
Major

Sulfonylureas (applies to Glucotrol XL) DKA

Major Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Diabetes Type 1, Diabetic Ketoacidosis

The use of some sulfonylurea agents is contraindicated for the treatment of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, with or without coma. In addition, these agents should not be used as sole therapy in patients with type I diabetes mellitus.

References

  1. "Product Information. Diabinese (chlorpropamide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  2. "Product Information. Glucotrol (glipizide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  3. "Product Information. Diabeta (glyburide)." Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
  4. "Product Information. Micronase (glyburide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2002):
  5. "Product Information. Amaryl (glimepiride)." Hoechst Marion Roussel PROD (2001):
  6. "Product Information. Tolinase (tolazamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  7. "Product Information. Orinase (tolbutamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
View all 7 references
Major

Sulfonylureas (applies to Glucotrol XL) renal/liver disease

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. Applicable conditions: Renal Dysfunction

Sulfonylureas are metabolized in the liver, and their metabolites (some with pharmacologic activity) are excreted in the urine and feces. Patients with impaired liver and/or renal function treated with sulfonylureas may be exposed to higher serum drug concentrations, which can increase the potential for severe hypoglycemic episodes induced by these agents. In the presence of hepatic impairment, gluconeogenic capacity may also be diminished, further compounding the risk. Therapy with sulfonylureas should be administered cautiously in patients with liver and/or renal disease. Reduced dosages and longer intervals between dosage adjustments may be required. Hypoglycemia, if it occurs during treatment, may be prolonged in these patients because of slowed metabolism and/or excretion of the drugs.

References

  1. Johnson PC, Hennes AR, Driscoll T, West KM "Metabolic fate of chlorpropamide in man." Ann N Y Acad Sci 74 (1959): 459-72
  2. Brotherton PM, Grieveson P, McMartin C "A study of the metabolic fate of chlorpropamide in man." Clin Pharmacol Ther 10 (1970): 505-14
  3. Petitpierre B, Perrin L, Rudhardt M, et al. "Behaviour of chlorpropamide in renal insufficiency and under the effect of associated drug therapy." Int J Clin Pharmacol 6 (1972): 120-4
  4. Huupponen R, Lammintausta R "Chlorpropamide bioavailability and pharmacokinetics." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 19 (1981): 331-3
  5. Neuvonen PJ, Karkkainen S, Lehtovaara R "Pharmacokinetics of chlorpropamide in epileptic patients: effects of enzyme induction and urine pH on chlorpropamide elimination." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 32 (1987): 297-301
  6. "Glibenclamide: a review." Drugs 1 (1971): 116-40
  7. Pearson JG, Antal EJ, Raehl CL, Gorsch HK, Craig WA, Albert KS, Welling PG "Pharmacokinetic disposition of 14C-glyburide in patients with varying renal function." Clin Pharmacol Ther 39 (1986): 318-24
  8. Sartor G, Melander A, Schersten B, Wahlin-Boll E "Comparative single-dose kinetics and effects of four sulfonylureas in healthy volunteers." Acta Med Scand 208 (1980): 301-7
  9. Prendergast BD "Glyburide and glipizide, second-generation oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents." Clin Pharm 3 (1984): 473-85
  10. Kobayashi KA, Bauer LA, Horn JR, Opheim K, Wood F, Jr Kradjan WA "Glipizide pharmacokinetics in young and elderly volunteers." Clin Pharm 7 (1988): 224-8
  11. Balant L, Zahnd G, Gorgia A, Schwarz R, Fabre J "Pharmacokinetics of glipizide in man: influence of renal insufficiency." Diabetologia Sep (1973): 331-8
  12. Pentikainen PJ, Neuvonen PJ, Penttila A "Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glipizide in healthy volunteers." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 21 (1983): 98-107
  13. Lebovitz HE "Glipizide: a second-generation sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent. Pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and clinical use." Pharmacotherapy 5 (1985): 63-77
  14. "Product Information. Diabinese (chlorpropamide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  15. "Product Information. Glucotrol (glipizide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  16. "Product Information. Diabeta (glyburide)." Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
  17. "Product Information. Micronase (glyburide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2002):
  18. Rydberg T, Jonsson A, Roder M, Melander A "Hypoglycemic activity of glyburide (glibenclamide) metabolites in humans." Diabetes Care 17 (1994): 1026-30
  19. Rydberg T, Jonsson A, Melander A "Comparison of the kinetics of glyburide and its active metabolites in humans." J Clin Pharm Ther 20 (1995): 283-95
  20. Badian M, Korn A, Lehr KH, Malerczyk V, Waldhausl W "Determination of the absolute bioavailability of glimepiride (HOE 490), a new sulphonylurea." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 30 (1992): 481-2
  21. "Product Information. Amaryl (glimepiride)." Hoechst Marion Roussel PROD (2001):
  22. "Product Information. Tolinase (tolazamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  23. "Product Information. Dymelor (acetohexamide)." Lilly, Eli and Company PROD (2001):
View all 23 references
Moderate

Glipizide XL (applies to Glucotrol XL) GI narrowing

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Gastrointestinal Obstruction

The extended-release formulation of glipizide (Glucotrol XL) contains a non-deformable material. There have been rare reports of obstructive symptoms in patients with known strictures following the ingestion of similar sustained-release products. Therapy with the extended-release formulation of glipizide should be administered cautiously in patients with preexisting severe gastrointestinal narrowing or obstruction, whether pathologic or iatrogenic.

References

  1. "Product Information. Glucotrol (glipizide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
Moderate

Insulin/oral hypoglycemic agents (applies to Glucotrol XL) hypoglycemia

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Adrenal Insufficiency, Malnourished, Autonomic Neuropathy, Panhypopituitarism, Anorexia/Feeding Problems

Hypoglycemia may commonly occur during treatment with insulin and/or oral hypoglycemic agents. Care should be taken in patients who may be particularly susceptible to the development of hypoglycemic episodes during the use of these drugs, including those who are debilitated or malnourished, those with defective counterregulatory mechanisms (e.g., autonomic neuropathy and adrenal or pituitary insufficiency), and those receiving beta-adrenergic blocking agents.

References

  1. "Product Information. Diabinese (chlorpropamide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  2. "Product Information. Glucotrol (glipizide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  3. "Product Information. Diabeta (glyburide)." Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
  4. "Product Information. Micronase (glyburide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2002):
  5. "Product Information. Humulin BR (insulin)." Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
  6. "Product Information. Amaryl (glimepiride)." Hoechst Marion Roussel PROD (2001):
  7. "Product Information. Prandin (repaglinide)." Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc PROD (2001):
  8. "Product Information. Tolinase (tolazamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  9. "Product Information. Dymelor (acetohexamide)." Lilly, Eli and Company PROD (2001):
  10. "Product Information. Lantus (insulin glargine)." Aventis Pharmaceuticals PROD (2001):
  11. "Product Information. NovoLOG (insulin aspart)." Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc (2022):
  12. "Product Information. Starlix (nateglinide)." Novartis Pharmaceuticals PROD (2001):
  13. "Product Information. Apidra (insulin glulisine)." Aventis Pharmaceuticals (2004):
  14. "Product Information. Levemir (insulin detemir)." Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc (2005):
  15. "Product Information. Tresiba FlexTouch (insulin degludec)." Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc (2015):
  16. "Product Information. Glucophage (metFORMIN)." EMD Serono Inc SUPPL-34 (2018):
View all 16 references
Moderate

Sulfonylureas (applies to Glucotrol XL) G6PD deficiency

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: G-6-PD Deficiency

Sulfonylureas can cause hemolytic anemia in patients with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Therapy with these agents should be used with caution in patients with G6PD deficiency and consider the use of a non-sulfonylurea alternative. There have been postmarketing reports of hemolytic anemia in patients receiving these drugs who did not have known G6PD deficiency.

References

  1. "Product Information. Diabinese (chlorpropamide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  2. "Product Information. Glucotrol (glipizide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  3. "Product Information. Diabeta (glyburide)." Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
  4. "Product Information. Micronase (glyburide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2002):
  5. "Product Information. Amaryl (glimepiride)." Hoechst Marion Roussel PROD (2001):
  6. "Product Information. Tolinase (tolazamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  7. "Product Information. Orinase (tolbutamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  8. "Product Information. Dymelor (acetohexamide)." Lilly, Eli and Company PROD (2001):
View all 8 references
Moderate

Sulfonylureas (applies to Glucotrol XL) hyponatremia

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: SIADH, Dehydration

Treatment with sulfonylureas may cause hyponatremia, in patients who are on other medications or have medical conditions known to cause hyponatremia or increase release of antidiuretic hormone. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion has been reported with certain sulfonylureas and these drugs may augment the peripheral (antidiuretic) action of ADH and/or increase release of ADH. Caution should be used when treating patients with hyponatremia or at greater risk of developing hyponatremia such as elderly patients, patients taking diuretics or those who are volume-depleted.

References

  1. "Product Information. Diabinese (chlorpropamide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  2. "Product Information. Glucotrol (glipizide)." Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals PROD (2002):
  3. "Product Information. Diabeta (glyburide)." Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
  4. "Product Information. Micronase (glyburide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2002):
  5. "Product Information. Amaryl (glimepiride)." Hoechst Marion Roussel PROD (2001):
  6. "Product Information. Tolinase (tolazamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  7. "Product Information. Orinase (tolbutamide)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  8. "Product Information. Dymelor (acetohexamide)." Lilly, Eli and Company PROD (2001):
View all 8 references

Glucotrol XL drug interactions

There are 463 drug interactions with Glucotrol XL (glipizide).

Glucotrol XL alcohol/food interactions

There is 1 alcohol/food interaction with Glucotrol XL (glipizide).


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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.