How does Strattera work and what's its MOA?
The mechanism of action (MOA) for Strattera (atomoxetine) in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) involves blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine in the brain. It does this by inhibiting the presynaptic norepinephrine transporter (NET), which increases the amount of norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft of neurons. Strattera also blocks the reuptake of dopamine in certain areas of the brain, like the prefrontal cortex. It belongs to the drug class called selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors.
How Does Strattera Work For ADHD?
Research suggests that neurochemical signaling dysregulation plays a role in ADHD. Some patients with ADHD have been shown to have lower levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine. By increasing norepinephrine and dopamine in certain regions of the brain, Strattera improves ADHD symptoms like helping with attention and memory. It has also been shown to improve relationships with peers and family and help with learning.
How Atomoxetine Works in the Brain: Region-Specific Action
Strattera’s mechanism of action is rooted in its selective inhibition of the norepinephrine transporter (NET), which prevents the reuptake of norepinephrine (and, specifically in the prefrontal cortex, dopamine). As a result, norepinephrine and dopamine levels increase in the prefrontal cortex—a brain region associated with attention, impulse control, and executive function. Unlike stimulant medications, Strattera does not significantly raise dopamine in the brain’s “reward center” (the striatum or nucleus accumbens), which is believed to explain its lower abuse potential.
What to Expect: Timeline of Improvements and Symptom Changes
Unlike stimulant medications—whose benefits can be felt within hours—Strattera may take 1–2 weeks to show early benefits, and up to 4–8 weeks to reach substantial improvement in ADHD symptoms. Some individuals continue to notice symptom improvements for several months after starting treatment. The first areas of improvement often involve enhanced attention, reduced impulsivity, and better organizational skills. Patience is important, as full benefit builds gradually over time.
Related questions
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Comparing Strattera to Stimulant Medications
| Strattera (Atomoxetine) | Stimulants (e.g., Adderall, Ritalin) | |
|---|---|---|
| Drug Class | Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (non-stimulant) | Amphetamines/methylphenidate (stimulant) |
| Abuse Risk | Not a controlled substance; low misuse/abuse risk | Controlled substance; potential for misuse |
| Onset | 1–2 weeks (initial); 4–8+ weeks (full effect) | Within 30–60 minutes |
| Use Scenarios | Good fit for patients with anxiety, tics, substance misuse risk, or heart issues | First-line, rapid symptom relief |
| Duration | 24-hour coverage with single daily dose possible | Depends on formulation |
This is not all the information you need to know about Strattera (atomoxetine) for safe and effective use and does not take the place of your doctor’s directions. Review the full product information and discuss this information and any questions you have with your doctor or other health care provider.
References
- Fedder, D., et. al. 2023. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Accessed on July 31, 2025 at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493234/
- Fu, D., et. al. 2021. The Mechanism, Clinical Efficacy, Safety, and Dosage Regimen of Atomoxetine for ADHD Therapy in Children: A Narrative Review. In: Frontiers in Psychiatry. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyt.2021.780921
- Strattera [package insert]. Updated January 2022. Eli Lilly and Company. Accessed September 29, 2024 at https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=309de576-c318-404a-bc15-660c2b1876fb
Read next
How long does it take for Strattera to work?
Strattera starts to work for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as soon as the first day of taking a dose. However, it can take 8-12 weeks for its full effects to be reached. Some people may continue to notice an increased response for up to 24 weeks or longer. Continue reading
Does Strattera give you energy like Adderall?
Strattera can make you feel tired or more awake. During clinical studies, some patients with ADHD who took Strattera reported feeling tired or drowsy as a side effect. However, trouble sleeping was also commonly reported. Continue reading
Qelbree vs. Strattera: How do they compare?
Qelbree and Strattera are both oral nonstimulant medicines shown in clinical studies to be effective in treating ADHD in children 6 years and older and adults. They are not controlled substances. Strattera is available as generic option known as atomoxetine, which may save you money. Continue reading
See also:
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Drug information
- Strattera Information for Consumers
- Strattera prescribing info & package insert (for Health Professionals)
- Side Effects of Strattera (detailed)
- Strattera user reviews (546)
Related support groups
- Strattera (48 questions, 158 members)
- Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (477 questions, 2,592 members)