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EpiPen JR 2-Pak (epinephrine) Disease Interactions

There are 5 disease interactions with EpiPen JR 2-Pak (epinephrine):

Major

Sympathomimetics (applies to EpiPen JR 2-Pak) cardiovascular disease

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. Applicable conditions: Hyperthyroidism, Pheochromocytoma

Sympathomimetic agents may cause adverse cardiovascular effects, particularly when used in high dosages and/or in susceptible patients. In cardiac tissues, these agents may produce positive chronotropic and inotropic effects via stimulation of beta- 1 adrenergic receptors. Cardiac output, oxygen consumption, and the work of the heart may be increased. In the peripheral vasculature, vasoconstriction may occur via stimulation of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. Palpitations, tachycardia, arrhythmia, hypertension, reflex bradycardia, coronary occlusion, cerebral vasculitis, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, and death have been reported. Some of these agents, particularly ephedra alkaloids (ephedrine, ma huang, phenylpropanolamine), may also predispose patients to hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. Therapy with sympathomimetic agents should generally be avoided or administered cautiously in patients with sensitivity to sympathomimetic amines, hyperthyroidism, or underlying cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disorders. These agents should not be used in patients with severe coronary artery disease or severe/uncontrolled hypertension.

References

  1. Covington TR, Lawson LC, Young LL, eds. "Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs. 10th ed." Washington, DC: American Pharmaceutical Association (1993):
  2. Frewin DB "Phenylpropanolamine. How safe is it?" Med J Aust 2 (1983): 54-5
  3. Horowitz JD, Lang WJ, Howes LG, Fennessy MR, Christophidis N, Rand MJ, Louis WJ "Hypertensive responses induced by phenylpropanolamine in anorectic and decongestant preparations." Lancet 1 (1980): 60-1
  4. Leo PJ, Hollander JE, Shih RD, Marcus SM "Phenylpropanolamine and associated myocardial injury." Ann Emerg Med 28 (1996): 359-62
  5. American Medical Association, Division of Drugs and Toxicology "Drug evaluations annual 1994." Chicago, IL: American Medical Association; (1994):
  6. Frewin DB, Leonello PP, Frewin ME "Hypertension after ingestion of Trimolets." Med J Aust 2 (1978): 497-8
  7. Kroenke K, Omori DM, Simmons JO, Wood DR, Meier NJ "The safety of phenylpropanolamine in patients with stable hypertension." Ann Intern Med 111 (1989): 1043-4
  8. Kase CS, Foster TE, Reed JE, Spatz EL, Girgis GN "Intracerebral hemorrhage and phenylpropanolamine use." Neurology 37 (1987): 399-404
  9. Elliott CF, Whyte JC "Phenylpropanolamine and hypertension." Med J Aust 1 (1981): 715
  10. Mansoor GA "Herbs and alternative therapies in the hypertension clinic." Am J Hypertens 14(9 Pt 1) (2001): 971-5
  11. Noble R "A controlled clinical trial of the cardiovascular and psychological effects of phenylpropanolamine and caffeine." Drug Intell Clin Pharm 22 (1988): 296-9
  12. Kikta DG, Devereaux MW, Chandar K "Intracranial hemorrhages due to phenylpropanolamine." Stroke 16 (1985): 510-2
  13. Edwards M, Russo L, Harwood-Nuss A "Cerebral infarction with a single oral dose of phenylpropanolamine." Am J Emerg Med 5 (1987): 163-4
  14. Lake CR, Zaloga G, Clymer R, Quirk RM, Chernow B "A double dose of phenylpropanolamine causes transient hypertension." Am J Med 85 (1988): 339-43
  15. Lee KY, Beilin LJ, Vandongen R "Severe hypertension after ingestion of an appetite suppressant (phenylpropanolamine) with indomethacin." Lancet 1 (1979): 1110-1
  16. Bernstein E, Diskant BM "Phenylpropanolamine: a potentially hazardous drug." Ann Emerg Med 11 (1982): 311-5
  17. Lee KY, Beilin LJ, Vandongen R "Severe hypertension after administration of phenylpropanolamine" Med J Aust 1 (1979): 525-6
  18. Johnson DA, Etter HS, Reeves DM "Stroke and phenylpropanolamine use" Lancet 2 (1983): 970
  19. Teh AY "Phenylpropanolamine and hypertension" Med J Aust 2 (1979): 425-6
  20. Pentel PR, Aaron C, Paya C "Therapeutic doses of phenylpropanolamine increase supine systolic blood pressure." Int J Obes 9 (1985): 115-9
  21. McDowell JR, LeBlanc HJ "Phenylpropanolamine and cerebral hemorrhage." West J Med 142 (1985): 688-91
  22. Howrie DL, Wolfson JH "Phenylpropanolamine-induced hypertensive seizures." J Pediatr 102 (1983): 143-5
  23. Bruno A, Nolte KB, Chapin J "Stroke associated with ephedrine use." Neurology 43 (1993): 1313-6
  24. Williams DM "Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride" Am Pharm NS30 (1990): 47-50
  25. Samenuk D, Link MS, Homoud MK, et al. "Adverse cardiovascular events temporally associated with ma huang, an herbal source of ephedrine." Mayo Clin Proc 77 (2002): 12-6
  26. McEwen J "Phenylpropanolamine-associated hypertension after the use of "over- the-counter" appetite-suppressant products." Med J Aust 2 (1983): 71-3
  27. Wiener I, Tilkian AG, Palazzolo M "Coronary artery spasm and myocardial infarction in a patient with normal coronary arteries: temporal relationship to pseudoephedrine ingestion." Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 20 (1990): 51-3
  28. O'Connell MB, Gross CR "The effect of single-dose phenylpropanolamine on blood pressure in patients with hypertension controlled by beta blockers." Pharmacotherapy 10 (1990): 85-91
  29. Stoessl AJ, Young GB, Feasby TE "Intracerebral haemorrhage and angiographic beading following ingestion of catecholaminergics." Stroke 16 (1985): 734-6
  30. Horowitz JD, McNeil JJ, Sweet B, Mendelsohn FA, Louis WJ "Hypertension and postural hypotension induced by phenylpropanolamine (Trimolets)." Med J Aust 1 (1979): 175-6
  31. Lake CR, Zaloga G, Bray J, Rosenberg D, Chernow B "Transient hypertension after two phenylpropanolamine diet aids and the effects of caffeine: a placebo-controlled follow-up study." Am J Med 86 (1989): 427-32
  32. "Product Information. Sudafed (pseudoephedrine)." Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC.
  33. Kizer KW "Intracranial hemorrhage associated with overdose of decongestant containing phenylpropanolamine" Am J Emerg Med 2 (1984): 180-1
  34. Wooten MR, Khangure MS, Murphy MJ "Intracerebral hemorrhage and vasculitis related to ephedrine abuse." Ann Neurol 13 (1983): 337-40
  35. Maher LM, Peterson PL, Dela-Cruz C "Postpartum intracranial hemorrhage and phenylpropanolamine use." Neurology 37 (1987): 1886,1890
  36. Chin C, Choy M "Cardiomyopathy induced by phenylpropanolamine." J Pediatr 123 (1993): 825-7
  37. Caperton E "Raynaud's phenomenon. Role of diet pills and cold remedies." Postgrad Med 73 (1983): 291-2
  38. To LB, Sangster JF, Rampling D, Cammens I "Ephedrine-induced cardiomyopathy." Med J Aust 2 (1980): 35-6
  39. Mariani PJ "Pseudoephedrine-induced hypertensive emergency: treatment with labetalol." Am J Emerg Med 4 (1986): 141-2
  40. Pentel PR, Mikell FL, Zavoral JH "Myocardial injury after phenylpropanolamine ingestion." Br Heart J 47 (1982): 51-4
  41. Shapiro SR "Hypertension due to anorectic agent." N Engl J Med 280 (1969): 1363
  42. Gordon RD, Ballantine DM, Bachmann AW "Effects of repeated doses of pseudoephedrine on blood pressure and plasma catecholamines in normal subjects and in patients with phaeochromocytoma." Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 19 (1992): 287-90
  43. Loizou LA, Hamilton JG, Tsementzis SA "Intracranial haemorrhage in association with pseudoephedrine overdose." J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 45 (1982): 471-2
  44. Fallis RJ, Fisher M "Cerebral vasculitis and hemorrhage associated with phenylpropanolamine." Neurology 35 (1985): 405-7
  45. Dickerson J, Perrier D, Mayersohn M, Bressler R "Dose tolerance and pharmacokinetic studies of L (+) pseudoephedrine capsules in man." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 14 (1978): 253-9
  46. O'Connell MB, Gross CR "The effect of multiple doses of phenylpropanolamine on the blood pressure of patients whose hypertension was controlled with beta blockers." Pharmacotherapy 11 (1991): 376-81
  47. Gill ND, Shield A, Blazevich AJ, Zhou S, Weatherby RP "Muscular and cardiorespiratory effects of pseudoephedrine in human athletes." Br J Clin Pharmacol 50 (2000): 205-13
  48. Lake CR, Gallant S, Masson E, Miller P "Adverse drug effects attributed to phenylpropanolamine: a review of 142 case reports." Am J Med 89 (1990): 195-208
  49. Rosen RA "Angina associated with pseudoephedrine ." Ann Emerg Med 10 (1981): 230-1
  50. Humberstone PM "Hypertension from cold remedies." Br Med J 1 (1969): 846
  51. Maher LM, Peterson PL, Dela-Cruz C "Postpartum intracranial hemorrhage and phenylpropanolamine use" Neurology 37 (1987): 1686
  52. Dowse R, Scherzinger SS, Kanfer I "Serum concentrations of phenylpropanolamine and associated effects on blood pressure in normotensive subjects: a pilot-study." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 28 (1990): 205-10
  53. Haller CA, Benowitz NL "Adverse cardiovascular and central nervous system events associated with dietary supplements containing ephedra alkaloids." N Engl J Med 343 (2000): 1833-8
  54. Gibson GJ, Warrell DA "Hypertensive crises and phenylpropanolamine." Lancet 2 (1972): 492-3
  55. Finton CK, Barton M, Chernow B "Possible adverse effects of phenylpropanolamine (diet pills) on sympathetic nervous system function--caveat emptor!" Mil Med 147 (1982): 1072
  56. Clark JE, Simon WA "Cardiac arrhythmias after phenylpropanolamine ingestion." Drug Intell Clin Pharm 17 (1983): 737-8
View all 56 references
Major

Sympathomimetics (applies to EpiPen JR 2-Pak) dehydration

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility.

The use of sympathomimetic amines has been infrequently associated with significant hypotension especially in dehydrated patients secondary to the drug's beta-2 mediated vasodilation. Hypovolemia should be corrected, if possible, before administering sympathomimetic amines. Blood pressure and ECG should be monitored at regular intervals. Monitoring of cardiac output and pulmonary wedge pressure may also be desired.

References

  1. "Product Information. Adrenalin Chloride Solution (epinephrine)." Parke-Davis, Morris Plains, NJ.
  2. "Product Information. Epifrin Sterile Ophthalmic Solution (epinephrine)." Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
  3. "Product Information. Isuprel (isoproterenol)." Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
  4. "Product Information. Levophed Bitartrate (norepinephrine)." Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
View all 4 references
Moderate

Epinephrine (applies to EpiPen JR 2-Pak) parkinson's disease

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Parkinsonism, Neurologic Disorder

Epinephrine should be administered with caution to patients with Parkinson's disease as these patients may experience psychomotor agitation or notice a temporary worsening of symptoms.

Moderate

Sympathomimetics (applies to EpiPen JR 2-Pak) acidosis

Moderate Potential Hazard, High plausibility.

Acidosis, hypoxia, and hypercapnia may reduce the effectiveness of sympathomimetic amines in raising blood pressure. These conditions should be corrected before initiating therapy with sympathomimetic amines, if possible. Monitoring the patients acid-base balance, carbon dioxide levels, and oxygen saturation is recommended.

References

  1. "Product Information. Adrenalin Chloride Solution (epinephrine)." Parke-Davis, Morris Plains, NJ.
  2. "Product Information. Isuprel (isoproterenol)." Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
  3. "Product Information. Epifrin Sterile Ophthalmic Solution (epinephrine)." Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
  4. "Product Information. Levophed Bitartrate (norepinephrine)." Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
View all 4 references
Moderate

Sympathomimetics (applies to EpiPen JR 2-Pak) diabetes

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Diabetes Mellitus

Sympathomimetic agents may cause increases in blood glucose concentrations. These effects are usually transient and slight but may be significant with dosages higher than those normally recommended. Therapy with sympathomimetic agents should be administered cautiously in patients with diabetes mellitus. Closer monitoring of blood glucose concentrations may be appropriate.

References

  1. "Product Information. Sudafed (pseudoephedrine)." Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC.
  2. American Medical Association, Division of Drugs and Toxicology "Drug evaluations annual 1994." Chicago, IL: American Medical Association; (1994):
  3. Covington TR, Lawson LC, Young LL, eds. "Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs. 10th ed." Washington, DC: American Pharmaceutical Association (1993):
  4. Williams DM "Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride" Am Pharm NS30 (1990): 47-50
View all 4 references

EpiPen JR 2-Pak (epinephrine) drug interactions

There are 197 drug interactions with EpiPen JR 2-Pak (epinephrine)

Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

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