Retinal Focal Laser
Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Apr 2, 2024.
What do I need to know about retinal focal laser treatment?
Focal laser is a procedure used to treat leaking blood vessels and edema (fluid buildup) in the retina. The laser creates heat that seals the vessels and vaporizes fluid in the area. Tissues in the retina also become thinner. The area of leaking vessels is smaller, creating less fluid buildup. Focal laser treatment will not give you back lost vision, but it can keep vision loss from getting worse. Diabetic macular edema is the most common condition focal laser is used to treat.
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How do I prepare for the procedure?
- Your healthcare provider will tell you how to prepare. Arrange to have someone drive you home after the procedure. You may need to have 1 eye treated at a time. Treatment may be a few weeks apart. You may also need to have more than one treatment on each eye. Make sure you arrange to have someone drive you home after each treatment session.
- Bring dark sunglasses to your focal laser appointments. Drops are used to dilate (widen) your pupils before treatment. Your pupils will absorb more harmful sunlight than usual while they are dilated. You will need to wear the dark sunglasses during your ride home.
- Tell your provider about all medicines you currently take. He or she will tell you if you need to stop any medicine for the procedure, and when to stop. He or she will tell you which medicines to take or not take on the day of the procedure.
What will happen during the procedure?
- You may be given local anesthesia as eyedrops or shots to help prevent discomfort. You may still feel a mild ache during the procedure, but you should not feel pain. A contact lens will be placed on your cornea. The lens will keep your eye still and help the laser focus.
- The machine used for the procedure is similar to the machine used during a regular eye exam. You will sit with your chin on the chinrest and your forehead against the headrest. You may be asked to look at a target with the eye that is not being treated. This helps you keep your treated eye where your provider wants it during treatment.
- The laser may be directed at certain blood vessels in the retina. It may be given in a grid pattern to target more vessels. You will see flashes of bright light during the procedure. Tell your provider if you feel severe pain while the laser is being used. He or she may need to make changes to your procedure.
- Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment may be given to reduce swelling and improve vision. Medicine is injected into the vitreous of the eye. The vitreous is the gel-like material that fills the inside of the eye.
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What should I expect after the procedure?
- You should be able to return to most activities right away.
- You may feel a mild ache in your eye or see flashes of light for a day or two.
- Your vision may be blurry for up to a week.
- You may have a headache for a few hours.
- It will take at least 3 months before healthcare providers know if the treatment worked.
What are the risks of focal laser treatment?
Cells in the retina near the treatment area may be damaged. Scars created to seal leaks may be close together. This can damage the part of the retina that gives the clearest vision. Abnormal blood vessels may grow under part of the retina, affecting vision. You may need anti-VEGF injections to treat vision loss from the blood vessels.
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