Can you take Ibuprofen if you have COVID-19 (coronavirus)?

• Acetaminophen is the preferred pain-reliever if you have COVID-19.
• There is currently no strong evidence to suggest that ibuprofen makes you more likely to catch coronavirus, or make the disease worse; however, certain expert organizations, including the FDA, are investigating the possibility further.
• If you already take NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, for another condition, such as arthritis or pain-relief, ask your doctor for advice.

Why is there such controversy about taking ibuprofen for probable/suspected COVID-19?

Concern was expressed by France’s Health Minister Olivier Veran in a tweet on March 14th that suggested that anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen and cortisone could be an aggravating factor in people with COVID-19.

On the same day, the French government reported that NSAIDs, the family of drugs that include ibuprofen, were linked with "grave adverse effects" in patients affected by Covid-19.

This prompted the WHO to issue a statement on the 18th of March 2020 which recommended that people suffering COVID-19 symptoms should avoid taking ibuprofen after French officials warned that anti-inflammatory drugs could worsen the effects of the virus. Less than 24 hours later, the WHO had retracted that statement on its official twitter account, stating “The WHO does not recommend against the use of ibuprofen.”

Why would there be concern about taking ibuprofen for COVID-19?

The product insert for ibuprofen already states that there is the potential for the drug to mask the symptoms of infections in general (not just COVID-19) which may mean that people are only diagnosed in more severe stages.

NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen, diclofenac, and naproxen) have occasionally been associated with acute kidney injury, and the risk of this is increased in people who are prone to dehydration, such as older and critically ill patients.

There is a hypothetical risk that NSAIDs might also affect the way SARS-CoV-2 binds to human cells, as research in animals has shown that NSAIDs such as ibuprofen increase levels of a protein called ACE2 on the surface of cells, the same protein that SARS-CoV-2 binds to.

These concerns apply to all NSAIDs, not only ibuprofen, such as naproxen and diclofenac.

Bottom line

So even though there isn't yet any widely accepted additional reason to avoid ibuprofen specifically for COVID-19, it makes sense to use acetaminophen instead, unless you cannot tolerate it.

People already prescribed NSAIDs for other conditions, such as arthritis or pain-relief, should not stop them without their doctor’s advice and can be reassured that currently there appears to be no evidence that NSAIDs increase their chance of acquiring COVID-19.