Drug Interaction Report

MONITOR: Coadministration with bosentan may decrease the plasma concentrations of drugs that are substrates of the CYP450 2C9 and/or 3A4 isoenzymes. The mechanism is accelerated clearance due to induction of those isoenzymes by bosentan.

MANAGEMENT: When drugs that are known substrates of CYP450 2C9 and/or 3A4 are coadministered with bosentan, the possibility of a diminished therapeutic response to those drugs should be considered. Dosage adjustments as well as clinical and laboratory monitoring may be appropriate for some drugs, particularly those with a narrow therapeutic range, whenever bosentan is added to or withdrawn from therapy.

GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of zaleplon. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.

ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Administration of zaleplon with a high-fat or heavy meal may delay the onset of hypnotic effects. In healthy adult subjects, administration of zaleplon with a high-fat meal resulted in a 2-hour delay in the time to reach peak plasma drug concentration (Tmax) and a 35% reduction in the peak plasma drug concentration (Cmax) compared to fasting. Zaleplon systemic exposure (AUC) and elimination half-life were not significantly affected.

MANAGEMENT: Patients receiving zaleplon should be advised to avoid the consumption of alcohol. For faster sleep onset, zaleplon should not be administered with or immediately after a high-fat or heavy meal.