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Latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic Disease Interactions

There are 14 disease interactions with latanoprost / timolol ophthalmic.

Major

Latanoprost (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) herpes simplex

Major Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Ocular Herpes Simplex

Latanoprost should be used with caution in patients with a history of herpetic keratitis and it should be avoided in cases of active simplex keratitis because of the risk of reactivation and inflammation.

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Major

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) asthma/COPD

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. Applicable conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Ophthalmic beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) in general should not be used in patients with a current or past history of bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Topically applied beta-blockers are systemically absorbed, with the potential for producing clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels. In the respiratory tract, beta blockade may adversely affect pulmonary function by counteracting the bronchodilation produced by catecholamine stimulation of beta-2 receptors. Although agents with beta-1 selectivity (e.g., betaxolol) are considered safer in patients with bronchospastic diseases, cardioselectivity is not absolute and may be lost with larger doses or higher plasma levels.

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Major

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) bradycardia/AV block

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. Applicable conditions: Sinus Node Dysfunction, Heart Block

The use of ophthalmic beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) is considered by manufacturers to be contraindicated in patients with sinus bradyarrhythmia or heart block greater than the first degree (unless a functioning pacemaker is present). Topically applied beta-blockers are systemically absorbed, with the potential for producing clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels. In cardiac tissues, beta blockade causes a reduction in inotropic as well as chronotropic activity, which may further depress cardiac function in such patients.

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Major

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) cardiogenic shock

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility.

The use of ophthalmic beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) is considered by manufacturers to be contraindicated in patients with cardiogenic shock. Topically applied beta-blockers are systemically absorbed, with the potential for producing clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels. In cardiac tissues, beta blockade causes a reduction in inotropic as well as chronotropic activity, which may further depress cardiac output and blood pressure in such patients.

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Major

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) CHF

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. Applicable conditions: Congestive Heart Failure

The use of ophthalmic beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) is considered by manufacturers to be contraindicated in patients with overt congestive heart failure (CHF). Topically applied beta-blockers are systemically absorbed, with the potential for producing clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels. Since sympathetic stimulation may be important in maintaining the hemodynamic function in patients with CHF, beta blockade can worsen the heart failure. However, therapy with ophthalmic beta-blockers can be administered cautiously in some CHF patients provided they are well compensated and receiving digitalis, diuretics, an ACE inhibitor, and/or nitrates. Beta-blockers should be discontinued if cardiac failure develops or worsens during therapy.

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Major

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) diabetes

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. Applicable conditions: Diabetes Mellitus

Beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia such as tremors, tachycardia and blood pressure changes. In addition, the nonselective beta-blockers (e.g., timolol, carteolol) may inhibit catecholamine-mediated glycogenolysis, thereby potentiating insulin-induced hypoglycemia and delaying the recovery of normal blood glucose levels. Since topically applied beta-blockers are systemically absorbed and may produce clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels, therapy with ophthalmic beta-blockers should be administered cautiously in patients with diabetes or predisposed to spontaneous hypoglycemia.

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Major

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) hypersensitivity

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. Applicable conditions: Allergies

Topically applied beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) are systemically absorbed, with the potential for producing clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels. The use of beta-blockers in patients with a history of allergic reactions or anaphylaxis may be associated with heightened reactivity to culprit allergens. The frequency and/or severity of attacks may be increased during beta-blocker therapy. In addition, these patients may be refractory to the usual doses of epinephrine used to treat acute hypersensitivity reactions and may require a beta-agonist such as isoproterenol.

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Major

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) hyperthyroidism

Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility.

Beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) may mask some symptoms of hyperthyroidism such as tachycardia, anxiety, tremor, and heat intolerance. Abrupt withdrawal of beta-blocker therapy in thyrotoxic patients may exacerbate symptoms of hyperthyroidism or precipitate a thyroid storm. Since topically applied beta-blockers are systemically absorbed and may produce clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels, therapy with ophthalmic beta-blockers should be administered cautiously in patients with or suspected of having hyperthyroidism. Cessation of beta-blocker therapy, when necessary, should occur gradually over a period of 1 to 2 weeks. Patients should be advised not to discontinue treatment without first consulting with the physician. Close monitoring is recommended during and after therapy withdrawal.

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Major

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) PVD

Major Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Cerebrovascular Insufficiency, Peripheral Arterial Disease

Due to their negative inotropic and chronotropic effects on the heart, beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) reduce cardiac output and may precipitate or aggravate symptoms of arterial insufficiency in patients with peripheral vascular disease. In addition, the nonselective beta-blockers (e.g., timolol, carteolol) may attenuate catecholamine-mediated vasodilation during exercise by blocking beta-2 receptors in peripheral vessels. Since topically applied beta-blockers are systemically absorbed and may produce clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels, therapy with ophthalmic beta-blockers should be administered cautiously in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Close monitoring for progression of arterial obstruction is advised.

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Moderate

Latanoprost (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) respiratory disorders

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Pulmonary Impairment

Latanoprost should be used with caution in patients with respiratory disorders as there have been reported post marketing cases of asthma and exacerbation of asthma, and dyspnea.

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Moderate

Ophthalmic beta-blockers (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) myasthenia gravis

Moderate Potential Hazard, Low plausibility. Applicable conditions: Myoneural Disorder

Topically applied beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents (aka beta-blockers) are systemically absorbed, with the potential for producing clinically significant systemic effects even at low or undetectable plasma levels. In the nervous and musculoskeletal systems, beta blockade may potentiate muscle weakness consistent with certain myasthenic symptoms such as diplopia, ptosis, and generalized weakness. Several beta-blockers have been associated rarely with aggravation of muscle weakness in patients with preexisting myasthenia gravis or myasthenic symptoms.

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Moderate

Ophthalmic PG analogues (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) macular edema

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Pseudophakia, Retinal Disorder

Macular edema, including cystoid macular edema, has been reported during treatment with ophthalmic prostaglandin analogues. Most cases occurred in patients with aphakia, pseudophakia with a torn posterior lens capsule, or known risk factors for macular edema (e.g., posterior uveitis, certain retinal disorders). Therapy with ophthalmic prostaglandin analogues should be administered cautiously in these patients.

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Moderate

Ophthalmic PG analogues (applies to latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic) uveitis

Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility.

Bimatoprost, latanoprost, and travoprost are synthetic prostaglandin analogues. Theoretically, these agents may mimic endogenous prostaglandins and mediate ocular inflammatory responses. In clinical trials, uveitis and iritis have been reported rarely. Therapy with ophthalmic prostaglandin analogues should be administered cautiously in patients with active intraocular inflammation.

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Moderate

Ophthalmic PGF2a analogues- renal/liver disease

Moderate Potential Hazard, Low plausibility. Applicable conditions: Renal Dysfunction

Prostaglandin F2-alpha analogues are hydrolyzed by esterases in the cornea to their corresponding active free acid form, which is absorbed systemically and metabolized by the liver via fatty acid beta-oxidation, then eliminated by the kidney. These agents have not been adequately studied in the treatment of patients with impaired renal and/or hepatic function. Therapy with ophthalmic prostaglandin F2-alpha analogues should be administered cautiously in such patients.

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Latanoprost/timolol ophthalmic drug interactions

There are 277 drug interactions with latanoprost / timolol ophthalmic.


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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.