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Breast Cancer Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Jun 30, 2025.

AMBULATORY CARE:

What you need to know about a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB):

A breast cancer SLNB is used to see if cancer has spread in your body. Cancer spreads first to sentinel lymph nodes. Breast cancer sentinel lymph nodes are usually found in the armpit, but they may be along the sternum (breastbone) or collarbone. A biopsy is a procedure to remove the lymph nodes so they can be tested for cancer. Your healthcare provider will use the results of your SLNB to plan tests or treatment, if needed.

How to prepare for a SLNB:

What will happen during a SLNB:

What to expect after a SLNB:

Risks of a SLNB:

You may bleed more than expected or get an infection. You may develop lymphedema (swelling from lymph fluid buildup) in the arm nearest to where the SLN was removed. You may have long-term pain or discomfort in your arm. Your skin may be permanently thick or hard. Your nerves may be damaged during your procedure. This may cause numbness, tingling, or trouble moving your arm.

Seek care immediately if:

Call your doctor or oncologist if:

Medicines:

You may need any of the following:

Care for the biopsy area as directed:

Ask your healthcare provider when the area can get wet. Carefully wash around the area with soap and water. It is okay to let soap and water gently run over the area, but do not scrub it. Gently pat the area to dry it. Then put on new, clean bandages as directed. Change your bandages when they get wet or dirty. If you have strips of medical tape, let them fall off on their own. It may take 10 to 14 days for them to fall off. Check the area every day for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or pus. Do not put powders or lotions on the area. If lymph nodes have been taken from your armpit, ask your provider when you can wear deodorant.

Self-care:

Ask your healthcare provider how to prevent lymphedema and infection:

An infection in your skin can make lymphedema worse. Ask your healthcare provider how you can decrease your risk for skin infections and lymphedema.

Follow up with your doctor or oncologist as directed:

Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits.

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The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you.

Further information

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