Toradol Side Effects

Generic Name: ketorolac,ketorolac tromethamine

Please note - some side effects for Toradol may not be reported. Always consult your doctor or healthcare specialist for medical advice. You may also report side effects to the FDA.

Side Effects of Toradol - for the Consumer

Toradol

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome when using Toradol:

Constipation; diarrhea; dizziness; drowsiness; gas; headache; indigestion; mild stomach pain or upset; nausea; pain at the injection site; stomach fullness; sweating; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur when using Toradol:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue, unusual hoarseness); bloody or black, tarry stools; bloody or cloudy urine; change in the amount of urine produced or trouble urinating; chest pain; confusion; dark urine; depression; fainting; fast or irregular heartbeat; fever, chills, or persistent sore throat; hallucinations; mental or mood changes; mouth sores; numbness of an arm or leg; one-sided weakness; persistent flu-like symptoms; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin; ringing in the ears; seizures; severe headache or dizziness; severe or persistent stomach pain or nausea; severe vomiting or diarrhea; shortness of breath; sudden or unexplained weight gain; swelling of the arms, hands, legs, or feet; unusual bruising or bleeding; unusual joint or muscle pain; unusual tiredness or weakness; vision or speech changes; vomit that looks like coffee grounds; yellowing of the skin or eyes.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

Toradol Tablets

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome when using Toradol Tablets:

Constipation; diarrhea; dizziness; drowsiness; gas; headache; heartburn; mild stomach pain or upset; nausea; vomiting.

Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur when using Toradol Tablets:

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue, unusual hoarseness); bloody or black, tarry stools; bloody or cloudy urine; change in the amount of urine produced or trouble urinating; chest pain; confusion; dark urine; depression; fainting; fast or irregular heartbeat; fever, chills, or persistent sore throat; hallucinations; mental or mood changes; mouth sores; numbness of an arm or leg; one-sided weakness; persistent flu-like symptoms; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin; ringing in the ears; seizures; severe headache or dizziness; severe or persistent stomach pain or nausea; severe vomiting or diarrhea; shortness of breath; sudden or unexplained weight gain; swelling of the arms, hands, legs, or feet; unusual bruising or bleeding; unusual joint or muscle pain; unusual tiredness or weakness; vision or speech changes; vomit that looks like coffee grounds; yellowing of the skin or eyes.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

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Toradol Side Effects - for the Professional

Toradol

Adverse reaction rates increase with higher doses of Toradol. Practitioners should be alert for the severe complications of treatment with Toradol, such as GI ulceration, bleeding and perforation, postoperative bleeding, acute renal failure, anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions and liver failure. These NSAID-related complications can be serious in certain patients for whom Toradol is indicated, especially when the drug is used inappropriately.

In patients taking Toradol or other NSAIDs in clinical trials, the most frequently reported adverse experiences in approximately 1% to 10% of patients are:

* Incidence greater than 10%
Gastrointestinal (GI) experiences including:
abdominal pain*	constipation/diarrhea	dyspepsia*
flatulence	GI fullness	GI ulcers (gastric/duodenal)
gross bleeding/perforation	heartburn	nausea*
stomatitis	vomiting
Other experiences:
abnormal renal function	anemia	dizziness
drowsiness	edema	elevated liver enzymes
headaches*	hypertension	increased bleeding time
injection site pain	pruritus	purpura
rashes	tinnitus	sweating

Additional adverse experiences reported occasionally (<1% in patients taking Toradol or other NSAIDs in clinical trials) include:

Body as a Whole: fever, infections, sepsis

Cardiovascular: congestive heart failure, palpitation, pallor, tachycardia, syncope

Dermatologic: alopecia, photosensitivity, urticaria

Gastrointestinal: anorexia, dry mouth, eructation, esophagitis, excessive thirst, gastritis, glossitis, hematemesis, hepatitis, increased appetite, jaundice, melena, rectal bleeding

Hemic and Lymphatic: ecchymosis, eosinophilia, epistaxis, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia

Metabolic and Nutritional: weight change

Nervous System: abnormal dreams, abnormal thinking, anxiety, asthenia, confusion, depression, euphoria, extrapyramidal symptoms, hallucinations, hyperkinesis, inability to concentrate, insomnia, nervousness, paresthesia, somnolence, stupor, tremors, vertigo, malaise

Reproductive, female: infertility

Respiratory: asthma, cough, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, rhinitis

Special Senses: abnormal taste, abnormal vision, blurred vision, hearing loss

Urogenital: cystitis, dysuria, hematuria, increased urinary frequency, interstitial nephritis, oliguria/polyuria, proteinuria, renal failure, urinary retention

Other rarely observed reactions (reported from postmarketing experience in patients taking Toradol or other NSAIDs) are:

Body as a Whole: angioedema, death, hypersensitivity reactions such as anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid reaction, laryngeal edema, tongue edema, myalgia

Cardiovascular: arrhythmia, bradycardia, chest pain, flushing, hypotension, myocardial infarction, vasculitis

Dermatologic: exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme, Lyell's syndrome, bullous reactions including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

Gastrointestinal: acute pancreatitis, liver failure, ulcerative stomatitis, exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease)

Hemic and Lymphatic: agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, postoperative wound hemorrhage (rarely requiring blood transfusion — see Boxed WARNING, WARNINGS, and PRECAUTIONS)

Metabolic and Nutritional: hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia

Nervous System: aseptic meningitis, convulsions, coma, psychosis

Respiratory: bronchospasm, respiratory depression, pneumonia

Special Senses: conjunctivitis

Urogenital: flank pain with or without hematuria and/or azotemia, hemolytic uremic syndrome

Postmarketing Surveillance Study

A large postmarketing observational, nonrandomized study, involving approximately 10,000 patients receiving ketorolac tromethamineIV/IM, demonstrated that the risk of clinically serious gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding was dose-dependent. This was particularly true in elderly patients who received an average daily dose greater than 60 mg/day of ketorolac tromethamineIV/IM.

Table 3 Incidence of Clinically Serious GI Bleeding as Related to Age, Total Daily Dose, and History of GI Perforation, Ulcer, Bleeding (PUB) After up to 5 Days of Treatment With Ketorolac TromethamineIV/IM

A. Adult Patients Without History of PUB
Age of Patients	Total Daily Dose of Ketorolac TromethamineIV/IM
	≤60 mg	>60 to 90 mg	>90 to 120 mg	>120 mg
<65 years of age	0.4%	0.4%	0.9%	4.6%
≥65 years of age	1.2%	2.8%	2.2%	7.7%
B. Adult Patients With History of PUB
Age of Patients	Total Daily Dose of Ketorolac TromethamineIV/IM
	≤60 mg	>60 to 90 mg	>90 to 120 mg	>120 mg
<65 years of age	2.1%	4.6%	7.8%	15.4%
≥65 years of age	4.7%	3.7%	2.8%	25.0%

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Side Effects by Body System - for Healthcare Professionals

Renal

Acute renal failure has been reported with short-term use of ketorolac, even with moderate doses. Hyperkalemia often accompanies acute renal failure. Chronic ketorolac exposure may result in transient increases in BUN and creatinine in 2% to 3% of patients. Renal papillary necrosis has also been reported after chronic ketorolac exposure in some animal studies.

Patients with preexisting renal disease, congestive heart failure, hypovolemia, hepatic cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, or hypoalbuminemia are at increased risk for acute renal failure during ketorolac therapy as renal function in these conditions is dependent upon renal prostaglandin synthesis. Risk versus benefit should be carefully weighed in such patients.

In addition, ketorolac may have renal-metabolic effects such as salt and water retention, inhibition of diuretic action, and hyperkalemia due to suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. These effects are similar to those reported with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.

Renal failure associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome developed in a 58-year-old female treated for arthralgias with oral ketorolac. After a total dose of 30 mg the patient developed vomiting and bloody diarrhea. Three days later, the patient again developed nausea, vomiting, oliguria, facial and peripheral edema, and hypertension. Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, decreased fibrinogen, and renal failure were noted on laboratory evaluation. Treatment consisted of furosemide and supportive care. Eight days later, all laboratory values were within normal limits and the patient was well.

A case-control study suggested that patients who consumed 5000 or more pills containing NSAIDs during their lifetime may be at increased risk of end-stage renal disease.

Renal side effects have included acute renal failure and flank pain. Oliguria, nephritis, hyperkalemia, hematuria, proteinuria, and urinary frequency have also been reported. Ketorolac has also been implicated in a case of hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Gastrointestinal

As with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, gastrointestinal complaints are common in patients on ketorolac therapy. While these effects are usually mild in nature, serious gastrointestinal effects are reported, including peptic and colonic ulceration and gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation. Serious gastrointestinal bleeding may not be preceded by symptoms. While experience is limited, there is some indication that the risk of serious gastrointestinal effects increases with prolonged treatment with ketorolac. Thus, ketorolac is only recommended for the short-term management of pain.

Patients with a history of serious gastrointestinal events or alcohol abuse are at increased risk for severe gastrointestinal side effects. Ketorolac should be used with caution in these patients.

Gastrointestinal side effects have included gastrointestinal pain (13%), nausea (12%), dyspepsia (12%), diarrhea, constipation, flatulence, stomatitis, rectal bleeding, and melena. More serious effects include peptic ulceration (including giant gastric and duodenal ulcers), and gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation. GI bleeding increased with larger doses, therapy duration longer than 5 days, and older patients. Pancreatitis and exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease) has also been reported.

Hematologic

Hematologic side effects have included purpura, thrombocytopenia, epistaxis, inhibition of platelet aggregation, increased bleeding time, leukopenia, and eosinophilia.

Hepatic

Hepatic side effects have included borderline increases in liver function tests in up to 15% of patients in clinical trials. However, significant increases (three times normal values) occur in less than 1% of patients. Hepatitis, liver failure, and cholestatic jaundice have been reported during postmarketing experience.

Respiratory

Respiratory side effects have included dyspnea, asthma, wheezing, and pulmonary edema.

Nervous system

Nervous system side effects have included headache (17%), somnolence or drowsiness (3% to 9%), dizziness (3% to 9%), convulsions, vertigo, tremors, hallucinations, and euphoria. In addition, paresthesias, stupor, and hyperkinesia are reported; causality is unknown.

Cardiovascular

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may elevate blood pressure and increase the risk for the initiation of antihypertensive therapy. Furthermore, NSAIDs may antagonize the blood pressure lowering effect of antihypertensive medications in patients already being treated with antihypertensive drugs.

Cardiovascular side effects have included edema, palpitations, vasodilation, hypotension, syncope, and pallor. In addition, blood pressure may be elevated by ketorolac which may have clinical relevance in patients with comorbid illnesses.

Dermatologic

Dermatologic side effects have included rash, pruritus, and urticaria. Exfoliative dermatitis has also been reported.

Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity side effects have included anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, acute angioedema (including laryngeal and tongue edema), and fever. Lyell's syndrome, erythema multiforme, bullous reactions such Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis have also been reported.

Local

Local side effects associated with intramuscular injection of ketorolac include local pain, ecchymosis, bruising, hematoma, and tingling.

Ocular

Ocular side effects have included altered or blurred vision in less than 1% of patients.

Psychiatric

Psychiatric side effects have included depression, insomnia, abnormal dreams, and nervousness.

Other

Other side effects have included rare reports of tinnitus and hearing loss. Weight gain during long-term ketorolac therapy has also been reported.

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