Concurrent Hypertension + Type 2 Diabetes Predict High Mortality Risk
WEDNESDAY, June 4, 2025 -- Adults with concurrent hypertension and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have high mortality risk compared with those who have neither condition or only one, according to a study published online May 28 in Diabetes Care.
Ye Yuan, from Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York City, and colleagues examined associations of concurrent hypertension and T2D with mortality in a study population of 48,727 adults from the 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.
The researchers found that between 1999 and 2018, the burden of concurrent hypertension and T2D doubled from 6 to 12 percent. Overall, 50.5, 38.4, 2.4, and 8.7 percent of participants did not have T2D or hypertension, had hypertension only, had T2D only, and had both, respectively. There were 7,734 deaths during a 9.2-year median follow-up. Higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were predicted in association with concurrent hypertension and T2D versus no hypertension or T2D (hazard ratios, 2.46 and 2.97, respectively); stronger associations were seen for women versus men. Concurrent hypertension and T2D predicted up to a 66 percent higher all-cause mortality risk and more than twofold higher cardiovascular mortality risk compared with having hypertension or T2D only; associations varied by sex and race and ethnicity. Compared with having neither or either condition, concurrent prediabetes and elevated blood pressure predicted up to 19 percent higher mortality risk.
"Given the aging U.S. population and the projected rise in chronic disease, our findings underscore the urgent need for innovative public health interventions and policies that address multiple cardiometabolic conditions simultaneously and prioritize chronic disease prevention and the extension of health span meaning the number of years of life lived healthy," senior study author Nour Makarem, Ph.D., from the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health in New York City, said in a statement.
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