Fasting Glucose, Age, Male Sex, BMI All Linked to Diabetes Development
By Elana Gotkine HealthDay Reporter
WEDNESDAY, Jan. 29, 2025 -- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), age, body mass index (BMI), and male sex are all associated with development of diabetes, according to a study published online Jan. 23 in JAMA Network Open.
Aoife M. Egan, M.B.B.Ch., Ph.D., from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, and colleagues conducted a retrospective community-based cohort study using data for 44,992 individuals with at least two FPG measurements from Jan. 1, 2005, to Dec. 31, 2017. Individuals were excluded if they met criteria for diabetes on or before their first FPG measurement.
Overall, 3,879 individuals (8.6 percent) developed diabetes during a median follow-up of 6.8 years. The researchers found that the Kaplan-Meier 10-year cumulative risk for incident diabetes was 12.8 percent. An increased risk for diabetes was seen in association with all initial FPG levels outside a range of 80 to 94 mg/dL (hazard ratios, 3.49 and 12.47 for FPG <70 and 120 to 125 mg/dL, respectively). Male sex, older age (60 years and older), and any abnormal category of BMI (including BMI <18.5 and ≥40 kg/m2) were also independent risk factors (hazard ratios, 1.31, 1.97, 2.42, and 4.03, respectively). A significant additive association of variables was seen, especially FPG level and BMI. For example, the estimated 10-year diabetes risk was 7.0 percent for a woman aged 55 to 59 years with a BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 and an FPG level of 95 to 99 mg/dL. The risk increased to 13.0 percent if the BMI was 30 to 34.9 kg/m2 and to 28.0 percent if the FPG level also increased to 105 to 109 mg/dL. To facilitate individual classification into one of four risk categories, the investigators developed a nomogram.
"These variables facilitate an individualized risk-to-benefit assessment when discussing strategies to lower progression to diabetes and associated comorbidities," the authors write.
One author disclosed ties to Novo Nordisk and Rezolute.
Disclaimer: Statistical data in medical articles provide general trends and do not pertain to individuals. Individual factors can vary greatly. Always seek personalized medical advice for individual healthcare decisions.
© 2025 HealthDay. All rights reserved.
Posted January 2025
Read this next
Diabetes Risk Commonly Clustered Within Households
TUESDAY, Aug. 19, 2025 -- Diabetes risk is commonly clustered within households, according to a study scheduled to be presented at the annual meeting of the European Association...
PFAS Exposure Linked to Teen Weight Regain After Bariatric Surgery
TUESDAY, Aug. 19, 2025 -- For adolescents, exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is associated with weight regain after bariatric surgery, according to...
Saliva Insulin Can Differentiate Hyperinsulinemia in Normoglycemic People
MONDAY, Aug. 18, 2025 -- Saliva insulin can differentiate between normal and hyperinsulinemic responses among normoglycemic adults with different body mass index (BMI) classes...
More news resources
- FDA Medwatch Drug Alerts
- Daily MedNews
- News for Health Professionals
- New Drug Approvals
- New Drug Applications
- Drug Shortages
- Clinical Trial Results
- Generic Drug Approvals
Subscribe to our newsletter
Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.