Interactions between Isocarboxazid and Phenelzine
1 drug interaction and 68 additional warnings found for the following 2 drugs:
- isocarboxazid
- phenelzine
Drug interactions
Major drug interactions
Major:
isocarboxazid phenelzine
Applies to: isocarboxazid and phenelzine
Contraindicated
The concomitant use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) with other MAOIs may result in hypertensive crisis, convulsions, fever, delirium, coma, and circulatory collapse. Cases of hypertension with fatal and nonfatal stroke have been reported in patients who were switched from phenelzine or isocarboxazid to tranylcypromine. The mechanism is unknown.
Management
Administration of MAOIs with other MAOIs concurrently or in rapid succession is considered contraindicated. A washout period of at least 7 to 10 days is recommended when switching from one MAOI to another.
References (2)
- Bazire SR (1986) "Sudden death associated with switching monoamine oxidase inhibitors." Drug Intell Clin Pharm, 20, p. 954-6
- Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."
Therapeutic duplication warnings
Therapeutic duplication is the use of more than one medicine from the same drug category or therapeutic class to treat the same condition.
It can be intentional, when combining drugs with similar actions adds demonstrated therapeutic benefit — or unintentional, such as when a patient sees multiple prescribers or fills prescriptions at more than one pharmacy, which can lead to adverse effects.
Duplication:
Mao inhibitors
The recommended maximum number of medicines in the 'MAO inhibitors' category to be taken concurrently is usually one. Your list includes two medicines belonging to the 'MAO inhibitors' category:
- isocarboxazid
- phenelzine
Note: In certain circumstances, the benefits of taking this combination of drugs may outweigh any risks. Always consult your healthcare provider before making changes to your medications or dosage.
Food/lifestyle interactions
Major food/lifestyle interactions
Major:
isocarboxazid Food/Lifestyle
Applies to: isocarboxazid
Contraindicated
Foods that contain large amounts of tyramine may precipitate a hypertensive crisis in patients treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The mechanism is inhibition of MAO-A, the enzyme responsible for metabolizing exogenous amines such as tyramine in the gut and preventing them from being absorbed intact. Once absorbed, tyramine is metabolized to octopamine, a substance that is believed to displace norepinephrine from storage granules.
Generally avoid
Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of MAOIs. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.
Management
In general, patients treated with MAOIs or other agents that possess MAOI activity (e.g., furazolidone, linezolid, procarbazine) should avoid consumption of products that contain large amounts of amines and protein foods in which aging or breakdown of protein is used to increase flavor. These foods include cheese (particularly strong, aged or processed cheeses), sour cream, wine (particularly red wine), champagne, beer, pickled herring, anchovies, caviar, shrimp paste, liver (particularly chicken liver), dry sausage, salamis, figs, raisins, bananas, avocados, chocolate, soy sauce, bean curd, sauerkraut, yogurt, papaya products, meat tenderizers, fava bean pods, protein extracts, yeast extracts, and dietary supplements. Caffeine may also precipitate hypertensive crisis so its intake should be minimized as well. At least 14 days should elapse following discontinuation of MAOI therapy before these foods may be consumed. Specially designed reference materials and dietary consultation are recommended so that an appropriate and safe diet can be planned. Patients should be advised to promptly seek medical attention if they experience potential signs and symptoms of a hypertensive crisis such as severe headache, visual disturbances, difficulty thinking, stupor or coma, seizures, chest pain, unexplained nausea or vomiting, and stroke-like symptoms. Patients should also be counseled not to use MAOIs with alcohol, and to avoid hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them.
References (19)
- Pettinger WA, Soyangco FG, Oates JA (1968) "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in man by furazolidone." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 9, p. 442-7
- Goldberg LI (1964) "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: adverse reactions and possible mechanisms." JAMA, 190, p. 456-62
- Nuessle WF, Norman FC, Miller HE (1965) "Pickled herring and tranylcypromine reaction." JAMA, 192, p. 142-3
- Sweet RA, Liebowitz MR, Holt CS, Heimberg RG (1991) "Potential interactions between monoamine oxidase inhibitors and prescribed dietary supplements." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 11, p. 331-2
- Walker JI, Davidson J, Zung WWK (1984) "Patient compliance with MAO Inhibitor therapy." J Clin Psychiatry, 45, p. 78-80
- Ban TA (1975) "Drug interactions with psychoactive drugs." Dis Nerv Syst, 36, p. 164-6
- Darcy PF, Griffin JP (1995) "Interactions with drugs used in the treatment of depressive illness." Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev, 14, p. 211-31
- Maxwell MB (1980) "Reexamining the dietary restrictions with procarbazine (an MAOI)." Cancer Nurs, 3, p. 451-7
- (2001) "Product Information. Matulane (procarbazine)." Roche Laboratories
- De Vita VT, Hahn MA, Oliverio VT (1965) "Monoamine oxidase inhibition by a new carcinostatic agent, n-isopropyl-a-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide (MIH). (30590)." Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 120, p. 561-5
- Zetin M, Plon L, DeAntonio M (1987) "MAOI reaction with powdered protein dietary supplement." J Clin Psychiatry, 48, p. 499
- Domino EF, Selden EM (1984) "Red wine and reactions." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 4, p. 173-4
- Tailor SA, Shulman KI, Walker SE, Moss J, Gardner D (1994) "Hypertensive episode associated with phenelzine and tap beer--a reanalysis of the role of pressor amines in beer." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 14, p. 5-14
- Pohl R, Balon R, Berchou R (1988) "Reaction to chicken nuggets in a patient taking an MAOI." Am J Psychiatry, 145, p. 651
- (2001) "Product Information. Furoxone (furazolidone)." Roberts Pharmaceutical Corporation
- (2001) "Product Information. Nardil (phenelzine)." Parke-Davis
- (2001) "Product Information. Marplan (isocarboxazid)." Roche Laboratories
- (2001) "Product Information. Zyvox (linezolid)." Pharmacia and Upjohn
- Martin TG (1996) "Serotonin syndrome." Ann Emerg Med, 28, p. 520-6
Major:
phenelzine Food/Lifestyle
Applies to: phenelzine
Contraindicated
Foods that contain large amounts of tyramine may precipitate a hypertensive crisis in patients treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The mechanism is inhibition of MAO-A, the enzyme responsible for metabolizing exogenous amines such as tyramine in the gut and preventing them from being absorbed intact. Once absorbed, tyramine is metabolized to octopamine, a substance that is believed to displace norepinephrine from storage granules.
Generally avoid
Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of MAOIs. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.
Management
In general, patients treated with MAOIs or other agents that possess MAOI activity (e.g., furazolidone, linezolid, procarbazine) should avoid consumption of products that contain large amounts of amines and protein foods in which aging or breakdown of protein is used to increase flavor. These foods include cheese (particularly strong, aged or processed cheeses), sour cream, wine (particularly red wine), champagne, beer, pickled herring, anchovies, caviar, shrimp paste, liver (particularly chicken liver), dry sausage, salamis, figs, raisins, bananas, avocados, chocolate, soy sauce, bean curd, sauerkraut, yogurt, papaya products, meat tenderizers, fava bean pods, protein extracts, yeast extracts, and dietary supplements. Caffeine may also precipitate hypertensive crisis so its intake should be minimized as well. At least 14 days should elapse following discontinuation of MAOI therapy before these foods may be consumed. Specially designed reference materials and dietary consultation are recommended so that an appropriate and safe diet can be planned. Patients should be advised to promptly seek medical attention if they experience potential signs and symptoms of a hypertensive crisis such as severe headache, visual disturbances, difficulty thinking, stupor or coma, seizures, chest pain, unexplained nausea or vomiting, and stroke-like symptoms. Patients should also be counseled not to use MAOIs with alcohol, and to avoid hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them.
References (19)
- Pettinger WA, Soyangco FG, Oates JA (1968) "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in man by furazolidone." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 9, p. 442-7
- Goldberg LI (1964) "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: adverse reactions and possible mechanisms." JAMA, 190, p. 456-62
- Nuessle WF, Norman FC, Miller HE (1965) "Pickled herring and tranylcypromine reaction." JAMA, 192, p. 142-3
- Sweet RA, Liebowitz MR, Holt CS, Heimberg RG (1991) "Potential interactions between monoamine oxidase inhibitors and prescribed dietary supplements." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 11, p. 331-2
- Walker JI, Davidson J, Zung WWK (1984) "Patient compliance with MAO Inhibitor therapy." J Clin Psychiatry, 45, p. 78-80
- Ban TA (1975) "Drug interactions with psychoactive drugs." Dis Nerv Syst, 36, p. 164-6
- Darcy PF, Griffin JP (1995) "Interactions with drugs used in the treatment of depressive illness." Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev, 14, p. 211-31
- Maxwell MB (1980) "Reexamining the dietary restrictions with procarbazine (an MAOI)." Cancer Nurs, 3, p. 451-7
- (2001) "Product Information. Matulane (procarbazine)." Roche Laboratories
- De Vita VT, Hahn MA, Oliverio VT (1965) "Monoamine oxidase inhibition by a new carcinostatic agent, n-isopropyl-a-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide (MIH). (30590)." Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 120, p. 561-5
- Zetin M, Plon L, DeAntonio M (1987) "MAOI reaction with powdered protein dietary supplement." J Clin Psychiatry, 48, p. 499
- Domino EF, Selden EM (1984) "Red wine and reactions." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 4, p. 173-4
- Tailor SA, Shulman KI, Walker SE, Moss J, Gardner D (1994) "Hypertensive episode associated with phenelzine and tap beer--a reanalysis of the role of pressor amines in beer." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 14, p. 5-14
- Pohl R, Balon R, Berchou R (1988) "Reaction to chicken nuggets in a patient taking an MAOI." Am J Psychiatry, 145, p. 651
- (2001) "Product Information. Furoxone (furazolidone)." Roberts Pharmaceutical Corporation
- (2001) "Product Information. Nardil (phenelzine)." Parke-Davis
- (2001) "Product Information. Marplan (isocarboxazid)." Roche Laboratories
- (2001) "Product Information. Zyvox (linezolid)." Pharmacia and Upjohn
- Martin TG (1996) "Serotonin syndrome." Ann Emerg Med, 28, p. 520-6
Disease interactions
65 potential interactions Applies to: 20 conditions, including Bipolar Disorder, Heart Failure, Headache, Heart Attack, and Angina.
Alcoholism
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Alcoholism.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors with alcohol or any other CNS depressants is contraindicated.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Alcoholism.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors with alcohol or any other CNS depressants is contraindicated.
Angina
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Angina.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may have the capacity to suppress anginal pain that would otherwise serve as a warning of myocardial ischemia. Caution is advised in patients with a history of angina or risk of myocardial infarction.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Angina.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may have the capacity to suppress anginal pain that would otherwise serve as a warning of myocardial ischemia. Caution is advised in patients with a history of angina or risk of myocardial infarction.
Bipolar Disorder
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Bipolar Disorder.
A major depressive episode can be the initial presentation of bipolar disorder. Patients with depressive symptoms should be adequately screened to determine if they are at risk for bipolar disorder prior to initiating treatment with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). This screening should include a detailed psychiatric history, including a family history of suicide, bipolar disorder, and depression. It should be noted that MAOIs antidepressants are not approved for use in treating bipolar depression.
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Bipolar Disorder.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants may cause excessive stimulation in hyperactive or schizophrenic patients. Symptoms of psychosis may be aggravated in schizophrenia, particularly that with paranoid symptomatology. Depressed patients, usually those with bipolar disorder, may experience a switch from depression to mania or hypomania. Therapy with MAOI antidepressants should be administered cautiously in patients with hyperactive or hyperexcitable personalities, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Bipolar Disorder.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants may cause excessive stimulation in hyperactive or schizophrenic patients. Symptoms of psychosis may be aggravated in schizophrenia, particularly that with paranoid symptomatology. Depressed patients, usually those with bipolar disorder, may experience a switch from depression to mania or hypomania. Therapy with MAOI antidepressants should be administered cautiously in patients with hyperactive or hyperexcitable personalities, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Bipolar Disorder.
A major depressive episode can be the initial presentation of bipolar disorder. Patients with depressive symptoms should be adequately screened to determine if they are at risk for bipolar disorder prior to initiating treatment with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). This screening should include a detailed psychiatric history, including a family history of suicide, bipolar disorder, and depression. It should be noted that MAOIs antidepressants are not approved for use in treating bipolar depression.
Carcinoid Syndrome
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Carcinoid Syndrome.
The use of nonspecific monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with carcinoid syndrome. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, including serotonin, and may exacerbate symptoms of the syndrome.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Carcinoid Syndrome.
The use of nonspecific monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with carcinoid syndrome. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, including serotonin, and may exacerbate symptoms of the syndrome.
Cardiovascular Conditions and Disorders
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Cardiovascular Conditions and Disorders.
The use of most monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or confirmed or suspected cerebrovascular disorders. These drugs can cause hypertensive crises, which sometimes can be fatal, and are characterized by occipital headache, palpitations, neck stiffness or soreness, nausea, sweating, dilated pupils and photophobia. Intracranial bleeding has been reported in some cases in association with the increase in blood pressure.
Normotensive patients receiving therapy with MAOIs need to have monitored their blood pressure frequently to detect any evidence of pressor response and treatment should be discontinued immediately if blood pressure increases or the patient reports symptoms such a headaches or palpitations. Additionally, patients should be advised to avoid foods and drinks with high tyramine content such as cheese, sour cream, beer, liver, bananas and others, as these might trigger an hypertensive crisis.
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Cardiovascular Conditions and Disorders.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease, including hypertension and congestive heart failure. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. MAOI antidepressants are also commonly associated with dose-related orthostatic hypotension, which occurs most frequently in patients with preexisting hypertension but may be minimized with slow, gradual titration. Blood pressure should be monitored closely in all patients who receive MAOI therapy, and patients should be advised to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately if signs and symptoms of a hypertensive reaction occur (e.g., occipital headache which may radiate frontally; palpitation; neck stiffness or soreness; nausea or vomiting; perspiration associated with fever or cold, clammy skin; mydriasis; photophobia; constricting chest pain).
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Cardiovascular Conditions and Disorders.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease, including hypertension and congestive heart failure. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. MAOI antidepressants are also commonly associated with dose-related orthostatic hypotension, which occurs most frequently in patients with preexisting hypertension but may be minimized with slow, gradual titration. Blood pressure should be monitored closely in all patients who receive MAOI therapy, and patients should be advised to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately if signs and symptoms of a hypertensive reaction occur (e.g., occipital headache which may radiate frontally; palpitation; neck stiffness or soreness; nausea or vomiting; perspiration associated with fever or cold, clammy skin; mydriasis; photophobia; constricting chest pain).
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Cardiovascular Conditions and Disorders.
The use of most monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or confirmed or suspected cerebrovascular disorders. These drugs can cause hypertensive crises, which sometimes can be fatal, and are characterized by occipital headache, palpitations, neck stiffness or soreness, nausea, sweating, dilated pupils and photophobia. Intracranial bleeding has been reported in some cases in association with the increase in blood pressure.
Normotensive patients receiving therapy with MAOIs need to have monitored their blood pressure frequently to detect any evidence of pressor response and treatment should be discontinued immediately if blood pressure increases or the patient reports symptoms such a headaches or palpitations. Additionally, patients should be advised to avoid foods and drinks with high tyramine content such as cheese, sour cream, beer, liver, bananas and others, as these might trigger an hypertensive crisis.
Cerebral Vascular Disorder
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Cerebral Vascular Disorder.
The use of most monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or confirmed or suspected cerebrovascular disorders. These drugs can cause hypertensive crises, which sometimes can be fatal, and are characterized by occipital headache, palpitations, neck stiffness or soreness, nausea, sweating, dilated pupils and photophobia. Intracranial bleeding has been reported in some cases in association with the increase in blood pressure.
Normotensive patients receiving therapy with MAOIs need to have monitored their blood pressure frequently to detect any evidence of pressor response and treatment should be discontinued immediately if blood pressure increases or the patient reports symptoms such a headaches or palpitations. Additionally, patients should be advised to avoid foods and drinks with high tyramine content such as cheese, sour cream, beer, liver, bananas and others, as these might trigger an hypertensive crisis.
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Cerebral Vascular Disorder.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease, including hypertension and congestive heart failure. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. MAOI antidepressants are also commonly associated with dose-related orthostatic hypotension, which occurs most frequently in patients with preexisting hypertension but may be minimized with slow, gradual titration. Blood pressure should be monitored closely in all patients who receive MAOI therapy, and patients should be advised to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately if signs and symptoms of a hypertensive reaction occur (e.g., occipital headache which may radiate frontally; palpitation; neck stiffness or soreness; nausea or vomiting; perspiration associated with fever or cold, clammy skin; mydriasis; photophobia; constricting chest pain).
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Cerebral Vascular Disorder.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease, including hypertension and congestive heart failure. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. MAOI antidepressants are also commonly associated with dose-related orthostatic hypotension, which occurs most frequently in patients with preexisting hypertension but may be minimized with slow, gradual titration. Blood pressure should be monitored closely in all patients who receive MAOI therapy, and patients should be advised to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately if signs and symptoms of a hypertensive reaction occur (e.g., occipital headache which may radiate frontally; palpitation; neck stiffness or soreness; nausea or vomiting; perspiration associated with fever or cold, clammy skin; mydriasis; photophobia; constricting chest pain).
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Cerebral Vascular Disorder.
The use of most monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or confirmed or suspected cerebrovascular disorders. These drugs can cause hypertensive crises, which sometimes can be fatal, and are characterized by occipital headache, palpitations, neck stiffness or soreness, nausea, sweating, dilated pupils and photophobia. Intracranial bleeding has been reported in some cases in association with the increase in blood pressure.
Normotensive patients receiving therapy with MAOIs need to have monitored their blood pressure frequently to detect any evidence of pressor response and treatment should be discontinued immediately if blood pressure increases or the patient reports symptoms such a headaches or palpitations. Additionally, patients should be advised to avoid foods and drinks with high tyramine content such as cheese, sour cream, beer, liver, bananas and others, as these might trigger an hypertensive crisis.
Diabetes Mellitus
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Diabetes Mellitus.
There is conflicting evidence regarding whether monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) affect glucose metabolism or potentiate oral hypoglycemic agents. Therapy with MAOIs should be administered cautiously in patients with diabetes.
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Diabetes Mellitus.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors can increase the sensitivity to insulin, and have contributed to hypoglycemic episodes in patients with diabetes. Caution should be used when prescribing in diabetic patients.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Diabetes Mellitus.
There is conflicting evidence regarding whether monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) affect glucose metabolism or potentiate oral hypoglycemic agents. Therapy with MAOIs should be administered cautiously in patients with diabetes.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Diabetes Mellitus.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors can increase the sensitivity to insulin, and have contributed to hypoglycemic episodes in patients with diabetes. Caution should be used when prescribing in diabetic patients.
Glaucoma, Narrow Angle
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Glaucoma, Narrow Angle.
Phenelzine, like other antidepressants has an effect on pupil size causing dilation. This effect can potentially narrow the eye angle resulting in increased intraocular pressure and angle closure glaucoma, especially in predisposed patients. Phenelzine should be used with caution in patients with anatomically narrow angle without a patent iridectomy or history of glaucoma.
Headache
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Headache.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with a history of headaches. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. Since headache may often be the first symptom of a hypertensive reaction during MAOI therapy, use of these agents is not recommended in patients who experience frequent or severe headaches. MAOIs should be withdrawn promptly if headaches develop during treatment.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Headache.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with a history of headaches. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. Since headache may often be the first symptom of a hypertensive reaction during MAOI therapy, use of these agents is not recommended in patients who experience frequent or severe headaches. MAOIs should be withdrawn promptly if headaches develop during treatment.
Heart Attack
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Heart Attack.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may have the capacity to suppress anginal pain that would otherwise serve as a warning of myocardial ischemia. Caution is advised in patients with a history of angina or risk of myocardial infarction.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Heart Attack.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may have the capacity to suppress anginal pain that would otherwise serve as a warning of myocardial ischemia. Caution is advised in patients with a history of angina or risk of myocardial infarction.
Heart Failure
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Heart Failure.
The use of most monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or confirmed or suspected cerebrovascular disorders. These drugs can cause hypertensive crises, which sometimes can be fatal, and are characterized by occipital headache, palpitations, neck stiffness or soreness, nausea, sweating, dilated pupils and photophobia. Intracranial bleeding has been reported in some cases in association with the increase in blood pressure.
Normotensive patients receiving therapy with MAOIs need to have monitored their blood pressure frequently to detect any evidence of pressor response and treatment should be discontinued immediately if blood pressure increases or the patient reports symptoms such a headaches or palpitations. Additionally, patients should be advised to avoid foods and drinks with high tyramine content such as cheese, sour cream, beer, liver, bananas and others, as these might trigger an hypertensive crisis.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Heart Failure.
The use of most monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or confirmed or suspected cerebrovascular disorders. These drugs can cause hypertensive crises, which sometimes can be fatal, and are characterized by occipital headache, palpitations, neck stiffness or soreness, nausea, sweating, dilated pupils and photophobia. Intracranial bleeding has been reported in some cases in association with the increase in blood pressure.
Normotensive patients receiving therapy with MAOIs need to have monitored their blood pressure frequently to detect any evidence of pressor response and treatment should be discontinued immediately if blood pressure increases or the patient reports symptoms such a headaches or palpitations. Additionally, patients should be advised to avoid foods and drinks with high tyramine content such as cheese, sour cream, beer, liver, bananas and others, as these might trigger an hypertensive crisis.
Hyperthyroidism
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Hyperthyroidism.
Nonspecific monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. Therapy with nonspecific MAOIs should be administered cautiously in patients with hyperthyroidism, since these patients have an increased sensitivity to pressor amines. Blood pressure should be monitored closely during therapy, and patients should be advised to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately if signs and symptoms of a hypertensive reaction occur (e.g., occipital headache which may radiate frontally; palpitation; neck stiffness or soreness; nausea or vomiting; perspiration associated with fever or cold, clammy skin; mydriasis; photophobia; constricting chest pain).
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Hyperthyroidism.
Nonspecific monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. Therapy with nonspecific MAOIs should be administered cautiously in patients with hyperthyroidism, since these patients have an increased sensitivity to pressor amines. Blood pressure should be monitored closely during therapy, and patients should be advised to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately if signs and symptoms of a hypertensive reaction occur (e.g., occipital headache which may radiate frontally; palpitation; neck stiffness or soreness; nausea or vomiting; perspiration associated with fever or cold, clammy skin; mydriasis; photophobia; constricting chest pain).
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Hyperthyroidism.
Isocarboxazid should be used with caution in hyperthyroid patients because of their increased sensitivity to pressor amines.
Hypotension
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Hypotension.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease, including hypertension and congestive heart failure. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. MAOI antidepressants are also commonly associated with dose-related orthostatic hypotension, which occurs most frequently in patients with preexisting hypertension but may be minimized with slow, gradual titration. Blood pressure should be monitored closely in all patients who receive MAOI therapy, and patients should be advised to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately if signs and symptoms of a hypertensive reaction occur (e.g., occipital headache which may radiate frontally; palpitation; neck stiffness or soreness; nausea or vomiting; perspiration associated with fever or cold, clammy skin; mydriasis; photophobia; constricting chest pain).
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Hypotension.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease, including hypertension and congestive heart failure. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases. MAOI antidepressants are also commonly associated with dose-related orthostatic hypotension, which occurs most frequently in patients with preexisting hypertension but may be minimized with slow, gradual titration. Blood pressure should be monitored closely in all patients who receive MAOI therapy, and patients should be advised to stop taking the medication and seek medical attention immediately if signs and symptoms of a hypertensive reaction occur (e.g., occipital headache which may radiate frontally; palpitation; neck stiffness or soreness; nausea or vomiting; perspiration associated with fever or cold, clammy skin; mydriasis; photophobia; constricting chest pain).
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Hypotension.
Hypotension has been observed during therapy with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. These drugs should be used with caution, especially in patients with tendency towards hypotension or taking other drugs known to cause hypotension.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Hypotension.
Hypotension has been observed during therapy with monoamine oxidase inhibitors. These drugs should be used with caution, especially in patients with tendency towards hypotension or taking other drugs known to cause hypotension.
Liver Disease
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Liver Disease.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with abnormal liver function tests or a history of liver disease. A low incidence of altered liver function or hepatocellular jaundice has been reported in association with the use of MAOI antidepressants. Periodic monitoring of liver function tests is recommended during prolonged and/or high-dose therapy.
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Liver Disease.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors is contraindicated in patients with a history of liver disease or in those with abnormal liver function tests.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Liver Disease.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with abnormal liver function tests or a history of liver disease. A low incidence of altered liver function or hepatocellular jaundice has been reported in association with the use of MAOI antidepressants. Periodic monitoring of liver function tests is recommended during prolonged and/or high-dose therapy.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Liver Disease.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors is contraindicated in patients with a history of liver disease or in those with abnormal liver function tests.
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Liver Disease.
There has been a low incidence of altered liver function and jaundice in patients receiving isocarboxazid. This drug should be used with caution in patients with any history of liver disease. Periodic liver chemistry tests should be performed during therapy and the use of the drug should be discontinued at the fist sign of hepatic dysfunction or jaundice.
Mania
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Mania.
Some monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as isocarboxazid and phenelzine, should be used cautiously in hyperactive and agitated patients, as well as schizophrenic patients, as these may cause excessive stimulation. Additionally, activation of mania/hypomania has been reported in a small portion of patients with major affective disorders.
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Mania.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants may cause excessive stimulation in hyperactive or schizophrenic patients. Symptoms of psychosis may be aggravated in schizophrenia, particularly that with paranoid symptomatology. Depressed patients, usually those with bipolar disorder, may experience a switch from depression to mania or hypomania. Therapy with MAOI antidepressants should be administered cautiously in patients with hyperactive or hyperexcitable personalities, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Mania.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants may cause excessive stimulation in hyperactive or schizophrenic patients. Symptoms of psychosis may be aggravated in schizophrenia, particularly that with paranoid symptomatology. Depressed patients, usually those with bipolar disorder, may experience a switch from depression to mania or hypomania. Therapy with MAOI antidepressants should be administered cautiously in patients with hyperactive or hyperexcitable personalities, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Mania.
Some monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as isocarboxazid and phenelzine, should be used cautiously in hyperactive and agitated patients, as well as schizophrenic patients, as these may cause excessive stimulation. Additionally, activation of mania/hypomania has been reported in a small portion of patients with major affective disorders.
Parkinsonism
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Parkinsonism.
Nonspecific monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) may increase the frequency and severity of signs and symptoms associated with parkinsonian syndrome. Therapy with nonspecific MAOIs should be administered cautiously in patients with this disorder.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Parkinsonism.
Nonspecific monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) may increase the frequency and severity of signs and symptoms associated with parkinsonian syndrome. Therapy with nonspecific MAOIs should be administered cautiously in patients with this disorder.
Pheochromocytoma
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Pheochromocytoma.
The use of most monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with pheochromocytoma, as such tumors secrete pressor substances whose metabolism may be inhibited by these drugs.
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Pheochromocytoma.
The use of nonspecific monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with pheochromocytoma or other tumors of the adrenal medulla, such as some neuroblastomas, that secrete pressor substances. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Pheochromocytoma.
The use of nonspecific monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with pheochromocytoma or other tumors of the adrenal medulla, such as some neuroblastomas, that secrete pressor substances. Nonspecific MAOIs inhibit the breakdown of pressor amines, the accumulation of which can precipitate hypertensive crises. Intracranial hemorrhage and death have resulted in some cases.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Pheochromocytoma.
The use of most monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) is contraindicated in patients with pheochromocytoma, as such tumors secrete pressor substances whose metabolism may be inhibited by these drugs.
Renal Dysfunction
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Renal Dysfunction.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with severe renal dysfunction. These drugs may accumulate in plasma when renal function is impaired.
Major:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a major potential interaction with Renal Dysfunction.
The use of some monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as isocarboxazid and phenelzine, is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Renal Dysfunction.
The use of some monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as isocarboxazid and phenelzine, is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment.
Major:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a major potential interaction with Renal Dysfunction.
The use of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants is contraindicated in patients with severe renal dysfunction. These drugs may accumulate in plasma when renal function is impaired.
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Renal Dysfunction.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment as there is a possibility of cumulative effects in such patients. Dose selection should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Renal Dysfunction.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment as there is a possibility of cumulative effects in such patients. Dose selection should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range.
Schizophrenia
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Schizophrenia.
Some monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as isocarboxazid and phenelzine, should be used cautiously in hyperactive and agitated patients, as well as schizophrenic patients, as these may cause excessive stimulation. Additionally, activation of mania/hypomania has been reported in a small portion of patients with major affective disorders.
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Schizophrenia.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants may cause excessive stimulation in hyperactive or schizophrenic patients. Symptoms of psychosis may be aggravated in schizophrenia, particularly that with paranoid symptomatology. Depressed patients, usually those with bipolar disorder, may experience a switch from depression to mania or hypomania. Therapy with MAOI antidepressants should be administered cautiously in patients with hyperactive or hyperexcitable personalities, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Schizophrenia.
Some monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as isocarboxazid and phenelzine, should be used cautiously in hyperactive and agitated patients, as well as schizophrenic patients, as these may cause excessive stimulation. Additionally, activation of mania/hypomania has been reported in a small portion of patients with major affective disorders.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Schizophrenia.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants may cause excessive stimulation in hyperactive or schizophrenic patients. Symptoms of psychosis may be aggravated in schizophrenia, particularly that with paranoid symptomatology. Depressed patients, usually those with bipolar disorder, may experience a switch from depression to mania or hypomania. Therapy with MAOI antidepressants should be administered cautiously in patients with hyperactive or hyperexcitable personalities, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.
Seizures
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Seizures.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants may have variable effects on seizure threshold. Decreased seizure frequency as well as increased frequency have been reported. Therapy with MAOI antidepressants should be administered cautiously in patients with a history of seizures.
Moderate:
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid has a moderate potential interaction with Seizures.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors have shown a variable effect on the convulsive threshold. Caution should be used when treating patients with epilepsy.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Seizures.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors have shown a variable effect on the convulsive threshold. Caution should be used when treating patients with epilepsy.
Moderate:
phenelzine
Phenelzine has a moderate potential interaction with Seizures.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressants may have variable effects on seizure threshold. Decreased seizure frequency as well as increased frequency have been reported. Therapy with MAOI antidepressants should be administered cautiously in patients with a history of seizures.
More resources
isocarboxazid
A total of 552 drugs are known to interact with isocarboxazid.
- Isocarboxazid is in the drug class monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
- Isocarboxazid is used to treat Depression.
phenelzine
A total of 552 drugs are known to interact with phenelzine.
- Phenelzine is in the drug class monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
-
Phenelzine is used to treat the following conditions:
- Depression
- Migraine Prevention (off-label)
Drug Interaction Classification
| Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit. | |
| Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances. | |
| Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan. | |
| No interaction information available. |
Further information
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