Emergency Contraception
Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on May 4, 2025.
EC is medicine or an intrauterine device (IUD) used to prevent pregnancy when birth control fails or was not used. EC can also be used after a sexual assault. EC can be used up to 5 days after intercourse, but it works best when used as soon as possible. You may still get pregnant after you use EC, but your chances of pregnancy are greatly reduced. EC is safe but is not a substitute for long-term birth control.
DISCHARGE INSTRUCTIONS:
Return to the emergency department if:
- You have heavy vaginal bleeding.
- You have severe abdominal pain or a fever.
Contact your healthcare provider if:
- You vomit within 3 hours of taking hormonal EC.
- Your next period does not occur within 21 days after you take EC.
- Your next period is not normal for you.
- You have tender breasts, nausea, and fatigue that do not go away.
- You have questions or concerns about your condition or care.
If you use hormonal EC:
Hormonal EC is given as 1 or 2 pills. Some brands are only available by prescription. One brand is available over-the-counter. Not all pharmacies carry the over-the-counter brand, so you may need to ask healthcare providers where to find it. The side effects include nausea and vomiting, spotting or irregular bleeding, breast tenderness, dizziness or tiredness, and headache. You must do the following to use hormonal EC properly:
- Use hormonal EC exactly as directed.
- Use condoms for the rest of your cycle. You can still get pregnant if you ovulate later than you usually do.
- Follow up with your healthcare provider to talk about the best long-term birth control method for you.
Treatment options
The following list of medications are related to or used in the treatment of this condition.
If you receive a copper IUD:
A copper IUD placed in your uterus within 7 days of intercourse can prevent pregnancy. The IUD can remain in your uterus for up to 10 years to provide long-term birth control. You need a vaginal exam, a pregnancy test, and tests for infections before you receive an IUD. It cannot be inserted if you have an infection. The side effects of a copper IUD include spotting and heavy periods for the first 3 to 6 months of use.
What else you need to know about EC:
- EC prevents or delays ovulation. This means you can get pregnant if you have unprotected intercourse several days after you use EC.
- EC will not protect you from sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Follow up with your healthcare provider as directed:
You may need to return for a pregnancy test or tests for STIs. Tell your healthcare provider if you have any questions or concerns about long-term birth control. Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits.
© Copyright Merative 2025 Information is for End User's use only and may not be sold, redistributed or otherwise used for commercial purposes.
The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you.
Learn more about Emergency Contraception
- Birth Control Pills - When Should I Expect My Period?
- Birth Control Pills: Why Do I Get Breakthrough Bleeding?
- Emergency Contraception: What You Need to Know
- Missed your birth control pill? Here's what to do
- Non-hormonal Methods of Birth Control
- What are the Benefits and Risks of Taking Birth Control Pills?
- What is Emergency Contraception?
- Your Guide to Birth Control Pills (Oral Contraceptives)
Treatment options
Care guides
Further information
Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.