Risk of Long COVID Greater for Individuals With Social Risk Factors
By Elana Gotkine HealthDay Reporter
THURSDAY, July 31, 2025 -- Individuals with social risk factors at the time of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have increased risk for subsequent long COVID, according to a study published online July 29 in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
Candace H. Feldman, M.D., M.P.H., Sc.D., from Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, and colleagues conducted a prospective observational cohort study in 33 states plus Washington, D.C., and Puerto Rico to examine associations between social determinants of health (SDoH) at the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection and risk for long COVID. Adults enrolled in the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery study and who were within 30 days of SARS-CoV-2 infection were included.
Overall, 418 (11 percent) of the 3,787 participants developed long COVID. The researchers found that the risk of long COVID was increased in association with financial hardship (adjusted marginal risk ratio [ARR], 2.36), food insecurity (ARR 2.36), less than a college education (ARR, 1.60), experiences of medical discrimination (ARR, 2.37), skipped medical care due to cost (ARR, 2.87), and lack of social support (ARR, 1.79), after adjustment for demographic characteristics, pregnancy, disability, comorbidities, SARS-CoV-2 severity, and vaccinations. Greater risk was also seen in association with living in ZIP codes with the highest versus the lowest household crowding (ARR, 1.36).
"Efforts are urgently needed to build infrastructure to address current inequities in social risk factor distribution and to ensure access to high-quality, multidisciplinary long COVID care for persons with the greatest burden," the authors write.
Disclaimer: Statistical data in medical articles provide general trends and do not pertain to individuals. Individual factors can vary greatly. Always seek personalized medical advice for individual healthcare decisions.

© 2025 HealthDay. All rights reserved.
Posted July 2025
Further Support and Information on COVID-19
Read this next
COVID-19 Infection Linked to Accelerated Vascular Aging
MONDAY, Aug. 18, 2025 -- COVID-19 is associated with early vascular aging, as assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), an established biomarker of large artery...
Sleep Fragmentation Negatively Linked to QoL in Pediatric Nocturnal Enuresis
FRIDAY, Aug. 15, 2025 -- For children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE), sleep fragmentation is negatively associated with physical and social quality of life, with N2...
Larazotide May Speed Recovery in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
WEDNESDAY, Aug. 6, 2025 -- Treatment of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MISC), a postacute sequela of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)...
More news resources
- FDA Medwatch Drug Alerts
- Daily MedNews
- News for Health Professionals
- New Drug Approvals
- New Drug Applications
- Drug Shortages
- Clinical Trial Results
- Generic Drug Approvals
Subscribe to our newsletter
Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.