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Intermittent Fasting Reduces Body Weight Versus Ad Libitum Diet

By Elana Gotkine HealthDay Reporter

Medically reviewed by Carmen Pope, BPharm. Last updated on June 30, 2025.

via HealthDay

MONDAY, June 30, 2025 -- Intermittent-fasting strategies yield small reductions in body weight compared with an ad libitum diet, according to a study published online June 18 in The BMJ.

Zhila Semnani-Azad, Ph.D., from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in Boston, and colleagues examined the effect of intermittent-fasting diets with continuous energy restriction or unrestricted (ad libitum) diets on intermediate cardiometabolic outcomes in a systematic review and network meta-analysis. The study included 99 randomized clinical trials involving 6,582 adults.

The researchers found that when compared with an ad libitum diet, all intermittent-fasting and continuous energy restriction diet strategies reduced body weight. Alternate-day fasting was the only form of intermittent-fasting diet strategy to show benefit in body weight reduction compared with continuous energy restriction (mean difference, −1.29 kg). Alternate-day fasting showed a trivial reduction in body weight when compared with both time-restricted eating and whole-day fasting (mean difference, −1.69 and −1.05 kg). Among trials with less than 24 weeks follow-up, estimates were similar, but benefits in weight reduction were only seen in diet strategies compared with ad libitum in moderate-to-long-term trials (≥24 weeks). Compared with time-restricted eating, alternate-day fasting lowered total cholesterol, triglycerides, and nonhigh-density lipoprotein in comparisons between intermittent-fasting strategies. Time-restricted eating resulted in a small increase in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with whole-day fasting.

"In our analysis, intermittent-fasting strategies showed trivial to small improvements in body weight reduction," the authors write.

Several authors disclosed ties to relevant organizations.

Abstract/Full Text

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Disclaimer: Statistical data in medical articles provide general trends and do not pertain to individuals. Individual factors can vary greatly. Always seek personalized medical advice for individual healthcare decisions.

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