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Typhoid vaccine (live), oral

Generic name: typhoid vaccine (live), oral [ TYE-foid-vax-EEN ]
Brand name: Vivotif Berna
Dosage form: oral delayed release capsule (-)
Drug class: Bacterial vaccines

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on Jan 2, 2024. Written by Cerner Multum.

What is typhoid vaccine?

Typhoid vaccine is used to help prevent this disease in adults and children who are at least 6 years old. Although not part of a routine immunization schedule in the U.S., typhoid vaccine is recommended for:

This vaccine works by exposing you to a small amount of the bacteria, which causes your body to develop immunity to the disease.

Typhoid vaccine will not treat an active infection that has already developed in the body, and will not prevent any disease caused by bacteria other than Salmonella typhi.

Like any vaccine, the typhoid vaccine may not provide protection from disease in every person.

Typhoid vaccine side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Becoming infected with typhoid fever is much more dangerous to your health than receiving this vaccine. However, like any medicine, this vaccine can cause side effects but the risk of serious side effects is extremely low.

Common side effects include:

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report vaccine side effects to the US Department of Health and Human Services at 1-800-822-7967.

Warnings

Tell your doctor if you use other medicines or have other medical conditions or allergies.

Before taking this medicine

You should not receive this vaccine if you have ever had an allergic reaction to typhoid vaccine in the past, or if you have:

If you have any of these other conditions, your vaccine may need to be postponed or not given at all:

You can still receive a vaccine if you have a minor cold. In the case of a more severe illness with a fever or any type of infection, wait until you get better before receiving this vaccine.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

How should I take typhoid vaccine?

Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.

Take each capsule according to the recommended schedule or this vaccine may not be effective. Plan ahead so that you complete all doses at least 1 week before you enter a typhoid risk area. The timing of this vaccination is very important for it to be effective.

Take the capsule every other day on an empty stomach for 7 days (total of 4 capsules), at least 1 hour before eating. You will need to skip a day between capsules. Follow all instructions on the medicine package.

Take typhoid vaccine (live), oral with a full glass of cool or lukewarm water. Avoid very hot or cold water, which could cause the capsule to dissolve too quickly.

Swallow the capsule as quickly as possible after placing it in your mouth.

Swallow the capsule whole and do not crush, chew, break, or open it.

You must keep typhoid vaccine capsules cold. When you receive the capsules, place them in a refrigerator as soon as possible. Keep each capsule in the foil blister pack in the refrigerator until you are ready to take it. Do not allow the capsules to freeze.

This vaccine should be effective for up to 5 years. You may need to take another series of 4 capsules every 5 years if you continue to be exposed to typhoid. Follow your doctor's instructions or the schedule recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Typhoid vaccine (live), oral dosing information

Usual Adult Dose for Typhoid Prophylaxis:

1 capsule orally, on days 1, 3, 5, and 7, 1 hour before a meal, with cold or lukewarm fluids

Comments:
-The course should be completed at least 1 week before potential exposure to S. typhi.
-Efficacy has been shown to persist for at least 5 years
-Routine immunization is not recommended.
-Immunization is recommended for travelers to areas with a recognized risk, persons with close exposure to a S. typhi carrier, and laboratory workers who work frequently with S. typhi.

Usual Pediatric Dose for Typhoid Prophylaxis:

6 years and older:
1 capsule orally, on days 1, 3, 5, and 7, 1 hour before a meal, with cold or lukewarm fluids

Comments:
-The course should be completed at least 1 week before potential exposure to S. typhi.
-Efficacy has been shown to persist for at least 5 years
-Routine immunization is not recommended.
-Immunization is recommended for travelers to areas with a recognized risk, persons with close exposure to a S. typhi carrier, and laboratory workers who work frequently with S. typhi.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Call your doctor if you forget to take a capsule on the scheduled day. You may need to start over to make sure you are fully protected against the disease.

Be sure to receive another series of 4 capsules every 5 years during continued exposure to typhoid.

What happens if I overdose?

An overdose of this vaccine is unlikely to occur when taken as directed.

What should I avoid before or after using typhoid vaccine?

Avoid eating anything for at least 1 hour after you take a capsule.

In addition to using this vaccine, take precautions while traveling to further prevent coming into contact with bacteria that cause typhoid fever:

What other drugs will affect typhoid vaccine?

Before using this vaccine, tell your doctor about all other vaccines you have recently received.

You should not take an anti-malaria medicine that contains proguanil (such as Malarone) for at least 10 days after you have received your last dose of typhoid vaccine. Proguanil may make typhoid vaccine less effective.

Other drugs may affect typhoid vaccine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use.

Vivotif, Typhim Vi

Further information

Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.