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Drug Interactions between PediaCare Children's Long-Acting Cough and Xadago

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Interactions between your drugs

Major

dextromethorphan safinamide

Applies to: PediaCare Children's Long-Acting Cough (dextromethorphan) and Xadago (safinamide)

CONTRAINDICATED: By inhibiting serotonin metabolism, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), including the selective MAO-B inhibitor safinamide, may potentiate the pharmacologic activity of serotonergic agents such as dextromethorphan. The result may be an increased risk of serotonin syndrome, which is a rare but serious and potentially fatal condition thought to result from hyperstimulation of brainstem 5-HT1A and 2A receptors. Symptoms of the serotonin syndrome may include mental status changes such as irritability, altered consciousness, confusion, hallucinations, and coma; autonomic dysfunction such as tachycardia, hyperthermia, diaphoresis, shivering, blood pressure lability, and mydriasis; neuromuscular abnormalities such as hyperreflexia, myoclonus, tremor, rigidity, and ataxia; and gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

MANAGEMENT: Coadministration of safinamide with dextromethorphan is considered contraindicated.

References

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  4. Sovner R, Wolfe J (1988) "Interaction between dextromethorphan and monoamine oxidase inhibitor therapy with isocarboxazid ." N Engl J Med, 319, p. 1671
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  7. Graham PM, Potter JM, Paterson J (1982) "Combination monoamine oxidase inhibitor/tricyclic antidepressants interaction." Lancet, 2, p. 440
  8. Spiker DG, Pugh DD (1976) "Combining tricyclic and monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressants." Arch Gen Psychiatry, 33, p. 828-30
  9. White K, Pistole T, Boyd JL (1980) "Combined monoamine oxidase inhibitor-tricyclic antidepressant treatment: a pilot study." Am J Psychiatry, 137, p. 1422-5
  10. White K, Simpson G (1981) "Combined MAOI-tricyclic antidepressant treatment: a reevaluation." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 1, p. 264-82
  11. Rivers N, Horner B (1970) "Possible lethal reaction between nardil and dextromethorphan." Can Med Assoc J, 103, p. 85
  12. (2002) "Product Information. D.H.E. 45 (dihydroergotamine)." Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation
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  14. Feighner JP, Boyer WF, Tyler DL, Neborsky RJ (1990) "Adverse consequences of fluoxetine-MAOI combination therapy." J Clin Psychiatry, 51, p. 222-5
  15. Graham PM, Ilett KF (1988) "Danger of MAOI therapy after fluoxetine withdrawal." Lancet, 2, p. 1255-6
  16. Bhatara VS, Bandettini FC (1993) "Possible interaction between sertraline and tranylcypromine." Clin Pharm, 12, p. 222-5
  17. Suchowersky O, deVries JD (1990) "Interaction of fluoxetine and selegiline." Can J Psychiatry, 35, p. 571-2
  18. (2001) "Product Information. Effexor (venlafaxine)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  19. Brannan SK, Talley BJ, Bowden CL (1994) "Sertraline and isocarboxazid cause a serotonin syndrome." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 14, p. 144-5
  20. Graber MA, Hoehns TB, Perry PJ (1994) "Sertraline-phenelzine drug interaction: a serotonin syndrome reaction." Ann Pharmacother, 28, p. 732-5
  21. Cetaruk EW, Aaron CK (1994) "Hazards of nonprescription medications." Emerg Med Clin North Am, 12, p. 483-510
  22. Diamond S (1995) "The use of sumatriptan in patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitors." Neurology, 45, p. 1039-40
  23. Phillips SD, Ringo P (1995) "Phenelzine and venlafaxine interaction." Am J Psychiatry, 152, p. 1400-1
  24. Klysner R, Larsen JK, Sorensen P, Hyllested M, Pedersen BD (1995) "Toxic interaction of venlafaxine and isocarboxazide." Lancet, 346, p. 1298-9
  25. Darcy PF, Griffin JP (1995) "Interactions with drugs used in the treatment of depressive illness." Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev, 14, p. 211-31
  26. Heisler MA, Guidry JR, Arnecke B (1996) "Serotonin syndrome induced by administration of venlafaxine and phenelzine." Ann Pharmacother, 30, p. 84
  27. De Vita VT, Hahn MA, Oliverio VT (1965) "Monoamine oxidase inhibition by a new carcinostatic agent, n-isopropyl-a-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide (MIH). (30590)." Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 120, p. 561-5
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  33. Staufenberg EF, Tantam D (1989) "Malignant hyperpyrexia syndrome in combined treatment." Br J Psychiatry, 154, p. 577-8
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  42. Brubacher JR, Hoffman RS, Lurin MJ (1996) "Serotonin syndrome from venlafaxine-tranylcypromine interaction." Vet Hum Toxicol, 38, p. 358-61
  43. Miller LG (1998) "Herbal medicinals: selected clinical considerations focusing on known or potential drug-herb interactions." Arch Intern Med, 158, p. 2200-11
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  45. Jacob JE, Wagner ML, Sage JI (2003) "Safety of selegiline with cold medications." Ann Pharmacother, 37, p. 438-41
  46. (2004) "Product Information. Cymbalta (duloxetine)." Lilly, Eli and Company
  47. (2005) "Product Information. Manerix (moclobemide)." Hoffmann-La Roche Limited
  48. Gillman PK (2005) "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity." Br J Anaesth
  49. Bodner RA, Lynch T, Lewis L, Kahn D (1995) "Serotonin syndrome." Neurology, 45, p. 219-23
  50. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."
  51. Jimenez-Genchi A (2006) "Immediate switching from moclobemide to duloxetine may induce serotonin syndrome." J Clin Psychiatry, 67, p. 1821-1822
  52. Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information."
  53. (2008) "Product Information. Pristiq (desvenlafaxine)." Wyeth Laboratories
  54. (2009) "Product Information. Savella (milnacipran)." Forest Pharmaceuticals
  55. (2011) "Product Information. Viibryd (vilazodone)." Trovis Pharmaceuticals LLC
  56. (2013) "Product Information. Fetzima (levomilnacipran)." Forest Pharmaceuticals
  57. (2017) "Product Information. Xadago (safinamide)." US WorldMeds LLC
View all 57 references

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Drug and food interactions

Moderate

dextromethorphan food

Applies to: PediaCare Children's Long-Acting Cough (dextromethorphan)

GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of CNS-active agents. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.

MANAGEMENT: Patients receiving CNS-active agents should be warned of this interaction and advised to avoid or limit consumption of alcohol. Ambulatory patients should be counseled to avoid hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them, and to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.

References

  1. Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P (1986) "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology, 15, p. 31-7
  2. Gilman AG, eds., Nies AS, Rall TW, Taylor P (1990) "Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics." New York, NY: Pergamon Press Inc.
  3. (2012) "Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel)." Eisai Inc
  4. (2015) "Product Information. Rexulti (brexpiprazole)." Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc
View all 4 references

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Moderate

safinamide food

Applies to: Xadago (safinamide)

GENERALLY AVOID: Foods that contain large amounts of tyramine may precipitate a hypertensive crisis in patients treated with safinamide. The proposed mechanism involves potentiation of the tyramine pressor effect due to inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) by safinamide. Monoamine oxidase in the gastrointestinal tract and liver, primarily type A (MAO-A), is the enzyme responsible for metabolizing exogenous amines such as tyramine and preventing them from being absorbed intact. Once absorbed, tyramine is metabolized to octopamine, a substance that is believed to displace norepinephrine from storage granules causing a rise in blood pressure. In vitro, safinamide inhibits MAO-B with greater than 1000-fold selectivity over MAO-A, and neither safinamide nor its major metabolites inhibit MAO-A at clinically relevant concentrations. Results from an oral tyramine challenge study also suggest that safinamide is a selective inhibitor of MAO-B at the recommended dosages of 50 or 100 mg/day. However, this selectivity is not absolute and may diminish in a dose-related manner above the maximum recommended daily dosage. In clinical trials, the incidence of hypertension was 7% and 5% for safinamide 50 mg and 100 mg, respectively, versus 4% for placebo. There were no reported cases of hypertensive crisis.

Administration of safinamide following intake of a high-fat, high-caloric breakfast resulted in a slight delay in the absorption of safinamide, but had no effects on safinamide peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and systemic exposure (AUC) compared to administration under fasted conditions.

MANAGEMENT: Dietary restriction is not ordinarily required during safinamide treatment with respect to most foods and beverages that contain tyramine, which usually include aged, fermented, cured, smoked, or pickled foods (e.g., air-dried and fermented meats or fish, aged cheeses, most soybean products, yeast extracts, red wine, beer, sauerkraut). However, certain foods like some of the aged cheeses (e.g., Boursault, Liederkrantz, Mycella, Stilton) and pickled herring may contain very high amounts of tyramine and could potentially cause a hypertensive reaction in patients taking safinamide, even at recommended dosages, due to increased sensitivity to tyramine. Patients should be advised to avoid the intake of very high levels of tyramine (e.g., greater than 150 mg) and to promptly seek medical attention if they experience potential signs and symptoms of a hypertensive crisis such as severe headache, visual disturbances, confusion, stupor, seizures, chest pain, unexplained nausea or vomiting, and stroke-like symptoms. Blood pressure should be regularly monitored and managed accordingly. Medication adjustment may be necessary if blood pressure elevations are sustained or not adequately controlled. Safinamide should not be used at dosages exceeding 100 mg/day, or 50 mg/day in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B, 7-9), as it may increase the risk of hypertensive crisis and other adverse reactions associated with nonselective inhibition of MAO. Safinamide can be administered with or without food.

References

  1. (2023) "Product Information. Xadago (safinamide)." US WorldMeds LLC
  2. (2020) "Product Information. Onstryv (safinamide)." Valeo Pharma
  3. (2022) "Product Information. Xadago (safinamide)." Seqirus Pty Ltd
  4. (2021) "Product Information. Xadago (safinamide)." Zambon UK Ltd
View all 4 references

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Therapeutic duplication warnings

No warnings were found for your selected drugs.

Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.

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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

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