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Drug Interactions between Carafate and ethotoin

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Interactions between your drugs

Moderate

sucralfate ethotoin

Applies to: Carafate (sucralfate) and ethotoin

ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Sucralfate may interfere with the absorption of oral phenytoin and may reduce its therapeutic effect. Sucralfate may interact in a similar way with other oral hydantoins.

MANAGEMENT: Patients should be advised to take phenytoin at least two hours before or 6 hours after sucralfate and to notify their physician if loss of seizure control occurs.

References

  1. McCarthy DM "Sucralfate." N Engl J Med 325 (1991): 1017-25
  2. Smart HL, Somerville KW, Williams J, et al. "The effects of sucralfate upon phenytoin absorption in man." Br J Clin Pharmacol 20 (1985): 238-40
  3. "Product Information. Carafate (sucralfate)." Hoechst Marion Roussel PROD (2001):

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Drug and food interactions

Moderate

sucralfate food

Applies to: Carafate (sucralfate)

ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: The administration of sucralfate with enteral nutrition may result in precipitation and the formation of bezoars that may obstruct feeding tubes. The proposed mechanism is the formation of an insoluble aluminum-protein complex between the aluminum in the sucralfate and the protein in the enteral feeding. In addition, sucralfate may not become activated due to the alkaline pH of enteral nutrition products.

MANAGEMENT: Some experts recommend separating the sucralfate doses from enteral feedings by at least 1 hour. Alternatively, consideration may be given to proton pump inhibitors or H2 antagonists.

References

  1. Wohlt PD, Zheng L, Gunderson S, Balzar SA, Johnson BD, Fish JT "Recommendations for the use of medications with continuous enteral nutrition." Am J Health Syst Pharm 66 (2009): 1438-67

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Moderate

ethotoin food

Applies to: ethotoin

ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Phenytoin bioavailability may decrease to subtherapeutic levels when the suspension is given concomitantly with enteral feedings. The mechanism may be related to phenytoin binding to substances in the enteral formula (e.g., calcium, protein) and/or binding to the tube lumen. Data have been conflicting and some studies have reported no changes in phenytoin levels, while others have reported significant reductions.

MONITOR: Acute consumption of alcohol may increase plasma phenytoin levels. Chronic consumption of alcohol may decrease plasma phenytoin levels. The mechanism of this interaction is related to induction of phenytoin metabolism by ethanol during chronic administration. Other hydantoin derivatives may be similarly affected by ethanol.

MANAGEMENT: Some experts have recommended interrupting the feeding for 2 hours before and after the phenytoin dose, giving the phenytoin suspension diluted in water, and flushing the tube with water after administration; however, this method may not entirely avoid the interaction and is not always clinically feasible. Patients should be closely monitored for clinical and laboratory evidence of altered phenytoin efficacy and levels upon initiation and discontinuation of enteral feedings. Dosage adjustments or intravenous administration may be required until therapeutic serum levels are obtained. In addition, patients receiving phenytoin therapy should be warned about the interaction between phenytoin and ethanol and they should be advised to notify their physician if they experience worsening of seizure control or symptoms of toxicity, including drowsiness, visual disturbances, change in mental status, nausea, or ataxia.

References

  1. Sandor P, Sellers EM, Dumbrell M, Khouw V "Effect of short- and long-term alcohol use on phenytoin kinetics in chronic alcoholics." Clin Pharmacol Ther 30 (1981): 390-7
  2. Holtz L, Milton J, Sturek JK "Compatibility of medications with enteral feedings." JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 11 (1987): 183-6
  3. Sellers EM, Holloway MR "Drug kinetics and alcohol ingestion." Clin Pharmacokinet 3 (1978): 440-52
  4. "Product Information. Dilantin (phenytoin)." Parke-Davis PROD (2001):
  5. Doak KK, Haas CE, Dunnigan KJ, et al. "Bioavailability of phenytoin acid and phenytoin sodium with enteral feedings." Pharmacotherapy 18 (1998): 637-45
  6. Rodman DP, Stevenson TL, Ray TR "Phenytoin malabsorption after jejunostomy tube delivery." Pharmacotherapy 15 (1995): 801-5
  7. Au Yeung SC, Ensom MH "Phenytoin and enteral feedings: does evidence support an interaction?" Ann Pharmacother 34 (2000): 896-905
  8. Ozuna J, Friel P "Effect of enteral tube feeding on serum phenytoin levels." J Neurosurg Nurs 16 (1984): 289-91
  9. Faraji B, Yu PP "Serum phenytoin levels of patients on gastrostomy tube feeding." J Neurosci Nurs 30 (1998): 55-9
  10. Marvel ME, Bertino JS "Comparative effects of an elemental and a complex enteral feeding formulation on the absorption of phenytoin suspension." JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 15 (1991): 316-8
  11. Fleisher D, Sheth N, Kou JH "Phenytoin interaction with enteral feedings administered through nasogastric tubes." JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 14 (1990): 513-6
  12. Haley CJ, Nelson J "Phenytoin-enteral feeding interaction." DICP 23 (1989): 796-8
  13. Guidry JR, Eastwood TF, Curry SC "Phenytoin absorption in volunteers receiving selected enteral feedings." West J Med 150 (1989): 659-61
  14. Krueger KA, Garnett WR, Comstock TJ, Fitzsimmons WE, Karnes HT, Pellock JM "Effect of two administration schedules of an enteral nutrient formula on phenytoin bioavailability." Epilepsia 28 (1987): 706-12
  15. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics." O 0
  16. Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information." O 0
View all 16 references

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Therapeutic duplication warnings

No warnings were found for your selected drugs.

Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.

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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

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