Drug Interactions between cabozantinib and Vitamin D3

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MONITOR: Additive effects and possible toxicity (e.g., hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and/or hyperphosphatemia) may occur when patients using vitamin D and/or vitamin D analogs ingest a diet high in vitamin D, calcium, and/or phosphorus. The biologically active forms of vitamin D stimulate intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus. This may be helpful in patients with hypocalcemia and/or hypophosphatemia. However, sudden increases in calcium or phosphorus consumption due to dietary changes could precipitate hypercalcemia and/or hyperphosphatemia. Patients with certain disease states, such as impaired renal function, may be more susceptible to toxic side effects like ectopic calcification. On the other hand, if dietary calcium is inadequate for the body's needs, the active form of vitamin D will stimulate osteoclasts to pull calcium from the bones. This may be detrimental in a patient with reduced bone density.

MANAGEMENT: Given the narrow therapeutic index of vitamin D and vitamin D analogs, the amounts of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D present in the patient's diet may need to be taken into consideration. Specific dietary guidance should be discussed with the patient and regular lab work should be monitored as indicated. Calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels should be kept within the desired ranges, which may differ depending on the patient's condition. Patients should also be counseled on the signs and symptoms of hypervitaminosis D, hypercalcemia, and/or hyperphosphatemia.

Cabozantinib should be taken on an empty stomach, one hour before or two hours after a meal. Do not consume grapefruit, grapefruit juice, or any supplements that contain grapefruit extract during treatment with cabozantinib unless directed otherwise by your doctor. Grapefruit juice can increase the blood levels of cabozantinib. You may be more likely to experience side effects such as nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; loss of appetite; weight loss; mouth sores; abdominal pain; skin rash (primarily on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet); delayed wound healing; high blood pressure; and impaired bone marrow function resulting in low numbers of different types of blood cells, which can increase the risk of bleeding problems and infections. It is important to tell your doctor about all other medications you use, including vitamins and herbs. Do not stop using any medications without first talking to your doctor.

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