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Diphtheria

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Mar 3, 2024.

What is diphtheria?

Diphtheria is a disease caused by a bacterial infection. The infection spreads quickly from person to person through sneezing or coughing. It can also be passed if a person uses a drinking glass or other item used by an infected person. The bacteria that cause diphtheria get into your nose, throat, and airway and produce a toxin. The toxin can block these passages or cause pneumonia. The toxin can spread through your bloodstream and cause life-threatening damage to your heart or kidneys. It can also cause nerve damage that leads to paralysis.

What are the signs and symptoms of diphtheria?

Any of the following can develop 2 to 5 days after you are infected:

How is diphtheria diagnosed and treated?

Your healthcare provider will look in your nose and throat. He or she may see the diphtheria coating, but it may not be present. Your provider will take samples from your nose and throat to be tested. A diphtheria infection is treated in the hospital. Medicines to treat diphtheria include an antitoxin to stop the diphtheria toxin, and an antibiotic to kill the bacteria that cause diphtheria. Your healthcare provider may also give you a dose of the diphtheria vaccine.

What can I do to prevent the spread of diphtheria?


Treatment options

The following list of medications are in some way related to or used in the treatment of this condition.

Call your local emergency number (911 in the US) if:

When should I call my doctor?

Care Agreement

You have the right to help plan your care. Learn about your health condition and how it may be treated. Discuss treatment options with your healthcare providers to decide what care you want to receive. You always have the right to refuse treatment. The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you.

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Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.