Celiac Disease
Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on May 4, 2025.
AMBULATORY CARE:
Celiac disease
is a long-term condition that affects your small intestine. Your immune system reacts to the protein gluten in food and damages your small intestine. You may not be able to absorb vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients from the foods you eat. The cause of celiac disease is not known. You are at higher risk if you have another autoimmune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis, or a family history of celiac disease.
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Signs and symptoms of celiac disease:
- Diarrhea that may smell bad or look oily, and stomach cramps
- Stomach pain, bloating, and gas
- Loss of appetite or weight loss
- Weakness or low energy
- Bone pain or osteoporosis (bone loss)
- Missed monthly periods or difficulty getting pregnant
- Numbness or tingling in your legs and muscle cramps
- Mouth sores or a skin rash that itches
Seek care immediately if:
- You have severe abdominal pain.
- You have blood in your bowel movement.
Call your doctor if:
- You have a fever.
- You have new symptoms or your symptoms get worse.
- You have questions or concerns about your condition or care.
Treatment:
Celiac disease cannot be cured. The goal of treatment is to reduce the symptoms. It may take 6 months or longer for your intestines to function better. You may need medicine such as steroids to control your immune system and decrease inflammation.
Treatment options
The following list of medications are related to or used in the treatment of this condition.
Manage celiac disease:
- Do not eat food that contains gluten. This is the most important way to manage your symptoms. Do not eat anything made with wheat, rye, barley, or oats. Gluten is found in additives in many packaged and restaurant foods. Read food labels or ask before you order food. You may need to avoid dairy products for a period of time. A dietitian may help you plan meals that do not contain gluten.
- Ask about supplements. You may need to take supplements that contain iron, folic acid, vitamin B12, calcium, or vitamin D.
Follow up with your doctor as directed:
You may need more tests. Your doctor may also refer you to a specialist. Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits.
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The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you.
Learn more about Celiac Disease
Treatment options
Symptoms and treatments
Further information
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