Skip to main content

Many Antibiotics No Longer Work Against Common Childhood Infections

Medically reviewed by Carmen Pope, BPharm. Last updated on Nov 1, 2023.

By Cara Murez HealthDay Reporter

WEDNESDAY, Nov. 1, 2023 -- Many antibiotics long used to treat common childhood infections are no longer effective because of antibiotic resistance.

The authors of a new study say global guidelines on antibiotic use need to be updated to reflect this, and they called for an increased focus on developing new antibiotics for infants and children.

"We are not immune to this problem -- the burden of antimicrobial resistance is on our doorstep," said lead author Dr. Phoebe Williams, of the University of Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute in Australia.

“Antibiotic resistance is rising more rapidly than we realize," she said in a university news release. "We urgently need new solutions to stop invasive multidrug-resistant infections and the needless deaths of thousands of children each year.”

Williams is an infectious disease specialist whose research focuses on reducing antimicrobial resistance in challenging Southeast Asia health care settings.

Researchers found that many antibiotics recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) were less than 50% effective in treating childhood infections such as pneumonia, sepsis (bloodstream infections) and meningitis.

Areas in Southeast Asia and the Pacific are most seriously affected by this. That includes Indonesia and the Philippines, where thousands of children die each as a result of antibiotic-resistant infections.

The WHO considers antimicrobial resistance (AMR) a top 10 global public health threat.

Worldwide, about 3 million newborns get sepsis each year and 570,000 die, often due to lack of effective antibiotics to treat resistant bacteria.

WHO's most recent global antibiotic guideline was published in 2013.

The new study found the antibiotic ceftriaxone was likely to be effective in only 1 of 3 cases of sepsis or meningitis in newborns. The antibiotic gentamicin was likely to be effective in fewer than half of sepsis and meningitis cases in children.

Gentamicin is commonly prescribed alongside aminopenicillins, which also had low effectiveness in fighting bloodstream infections in babies and children.

Researchers reviewed 86 studies that analyzed more than 6,600 bacterial species from 11 countries to gauge antibiotic susceptibility for common bacteria causing childhood infections.

Williams said funding to investigate new antibiotic treatments for children and newborns needs to be a priority.

“Antibiotic clinical focus on adults and too often children and newborns are left out. That means we have very limited options and data for new treatments,” Williams said.

She is currently looking into an old antibiotic, fosfomycin, as a temporary lifeline to treat multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections in children in Australia.

Williams is also working with the WHO’s Pediatric Drug Optimization Committee to ensure kids have access to antibiotics to treat drug-resistant infections as soon as possible and to reduce deaths from AMR.

“This study reveals important problems regarding the availability of effective antibiotics to treat serious infections in children,” said senior author Paul Turner, director of the Cambodia Oxford Medical Research Unit at Angkor Hospital for Children in Siem Reap, Cambodia.

“It also highlights the ongoing need for high quality laboratory data to monitor the AMR situation, which will facilitate timely changes to be made to treatment guidelines,” Turner said in the release.

Study findings were published Oct. 31 in The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia.

Sources

  • University of Sydney, news release, Oct. 31, 2023

Disclaimer: Statistical data in medical articles provide general trends and do not pertain to individuals. Individual factors can vary greatly. Always seek personalized medical advice for individual healthcare decisions.

© 2024 HealthDay. All rights reserved.

Posted November 2023

Read this next

Antibiotics Probably Won't Ease Your Cough, Even If Infection is Bacterial: Study

MONDAY, April 15, 2024 -- Doctors sometimes prescribe antibiotics to help treat a cough, but a new study shows the drugs won’t help reduce the severity or duration of...

Pets Are Passing Drug-Resistant 'Superbugs' to Their Owners

MONDAY, April 15, 2024 -- Dogs and cats can pass antibiotic-resistant bacteria to their owners, raising concerns that household pets could be contributing to the world’s...

CDC Warns of Spike in Bacterial Illness That Can Cause Meningitis

FRIDAY, March 29, 2024 -- There has been a troubling rise in cases of a rare bacterial illness that can cause meningitis, U.S. health officials warned Thursday. In an alert...

More news resources

Subscribe to our newsletter

Whatever your topic of interest, subscribe to our newsletters to get the best of Drugs.com in your inbox.