Drug Interactions between Lytgobi and riociguat

GENERALLY AVOID: Grapefruit juice may increase the plasma concentrations of futibatinib. The proposed mechanism is inhibition of CYP450 3A4-mediated first-pass metabolism in the gut wall by certain compounds present in grapefruit. In general, the effect of grapefruit juice is concentration-, dose- and preparation-dependent, and can vary widely among brands. Certain preparations of grapefruit juice (e.g., high dose, double strength) have sometimes demonstrated potent inhibition of CYP450 3A4, while other preparations (e.g., low dose, single strength) have typically demonstrated moderate inhibition. Increased exposure to futibatinib may increase the risk of adverse effects such as retinal pigment epithelial detachment, dry eye/corneal keratitis, pyrexia, hyperphosphatemia and soft tissue mineralization, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, fatigue, nail toxicity, urinary tract infection, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, increased liver function tests (ALT and AST), stomatitis, abdominal pain, ascites, bile duct obstruction, and musculoskeletal pain.

MANAGEMENT: Patients should be advised to avoid consumption of grapefruit or grapefruit juice during treatment with futibatinib.

ADJUST DOSE: Smoking may decrease the plasma concentrations of riociguat. The proposed mechanism is induction of the CYP450 1A1-mediated metabolism of riociguat by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present in cigarette smoke. CYP450 1A1 is responsible for the formation of the major active metabolite, M1, which has just 1/3 to 1/10 the pharmacologic activity of riociguat. According to the product labeling, plasma concentrations of riociguat are reduced by 50% to 60% in smokers compared to nonsmokers.

MANAGEMENT: Patients should be advised to stop smoking. Riociguat dosages higher than 2.5 mg three times a day may be considered in cigarette smokers, if tolerated, to match the exposure seen in nonsmoking patients. However, safety and effectiveness of higher dosages have not been established. A dosage reduction should be considered in patients who stop smoking during treatment with riociguat. The tablet form of riociguat can generally be taken with or without food. Some authorities recommend not to switch between fed and fasted riociguat intake because of increased peak plasma levels of riociguat in the fasting compared to the fed state.