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Drug Interactions between imatinib and nirmatrelvir / ritonavir

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Interactions between your drugs

Moderate

ritonavir imatinib

Applies to: nirmatrelvir / ritonavir and imatinib

MONITOR: Imatinib is a substrate of the CYP450 3A4 isoenzyme as well as a potent competitive inhibitor of the CYP450 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4 isoenzymes. Some drugs that are known inhibitors of CYP450 3A4 are also metabolized by one or more of the isoenzymes inhibited by imatinib. Theoretically, coadministration of imatinib with those drugs may result in mutually elevated plasma drug concentrations due to competitive and noncompetitive inhibition of CYP450 activities.

MANAGEMENT: The possibility of prolonged and/or increased pharmacologic effects of imatinib, including serious adverse effects such as edema, hematologic toxicity and immunosuppression, should be considered during concomitant therapy, particularly with potent CYP450 3A4 inhibitors such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, nefazodone, and erythromycin. In addition, clinical and laboratory monitoring for potentially increased pharmacologic effects of coadministered medications is recommended, especially those with a narrow therapeutic range.

References (1)
  1. (2022) "Product Information. Gleevec (imatinib)." Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Drug and food interactions

Moderate

ritonavir food

Applies to: nirmatrelvir / ritonavir

ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Administration with food may modestly affect the bioavailability of ritonavir from the various available formulations. When the oral solution was given under nonfasting conditions, peak ritonavir concentrations decreased 23% and the extent of absorption decreased 7% relative to fasting conditions. Dilution of the oral solution (within one hour of dosing) with 240 mL of chocolate milk or a nutritional supplement (Advera or Ensure) did not significantly affect the extent and rate of ritonavir absorption. When a single 100 mg dose of the tablet was administered with a high-fat meal (907 kcal; 52% fat, 15% protein, 33% carbohydrates), approximately 20% decreases in mean peak concentration (Cmax) and systemic exposure (AUC) were observed relative to administration after fasting. Similar decreases in Cmax and AUC were reported when the tablet was administered with a moderate-fat meal. In contrast, the extent of absorption of ritonavir from the soft gelatin capsule formulation was 13% higher when administered with a meal (615 KCal; 14.5% fat, 9% protein, and 76% carbohydrate) relative to fasting.

MANAGEMENT: Ritonavir should be taken with meals to enhance gastrointestinal tolerability.

References (1)
  1. (2001) "Product Information. Norvir (ritonavir)." Abbott Pharmaceutical
Moderate

imatinib food

Applies to: imatinib

GENERALLY AVOID: Coadministration of imatinib with strong CYP450 3A4 inhibitors such as grapefruit juice, may significantly increase the plasma concentrations of imatinib, a known substrate of CYP450 3A4. The proposed mechanism is inhibition of CYP450 3A4-mediated metabolism of imatinib by certain compounds present in grapefruits. Because grapefruit juice inhibits primarily intestinal rather than hepatic CYP450 3A4, the magnitude of interaction is greatest for those drugs that undergo significant presystemic metabolism by CYP450 3A4 (i.e., drugs with low oral bioavailability). In general, the effect of grapefruit juice is concentration-, dose- and preparation-dependent, and can vary widely among brands. Certain preparations of grapefruit juice (e.g., high dose, double strength) have sometimes demonstrated potent inhibition of CYP450 3A4, while other preparations (e.g., low dose, single strength) have typically demonstrated moderate inhibition. Pharmacokinetic interactions involving grapefruit juice are also subject to a high degree of interpatient variability, thus the extent to which a given patient may be affected is difficult to predict. In a single-dose study, coadministration of imatinib with ketoconazole (a strong CYP450 3A4 inhibitor) increased imatinib peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and systemic exposure (AUC) by 26% and 40%, respectively.

MANAGEMENT: Patients treated with imatinib should preferably avoid the consumption of grapefruit or grapefruit juice. If coadministration is unavoidable, monitor for prolonged and/or increased pharmacologic effects of imatinib, including edema, hematologic toxicity and immunosuppression.

References (3)
  1. (2022) "Product Information. Gleevec (imatinib)." Novartis Pharmaceuticals
  2. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."
  3. Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information."

Therapeutic duplication warnings

No warnings were found for your selected drugs.

Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.


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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.