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Drug Interactions between Dilaudid Cough Syrup and prasugrel

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Interactions between your drugs

Moderate

HYDROmorphone prasugrel

Applies to: Dilaudid Cough Syrup (guaifenesin / hydromorphone) and prasugrel

MONITOR: Coadministration with opioid agonists may delay and reduce the absorption of orally administered P2Y12 inhibitors (e.g., clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor). The proposed mechanism may involve opioid-mediated slowed gastric emptying. In one study, IV morphine (5 mg) given immediately prior to a loading dose of clopidogrel (600 mg) decreased the systemic exposure (AUC) and maximum concentration (Cmax) of the active metabolite of clopidogrel by 34% and increased the time to peak concentration (Tmax) of clopidogrel when compared with placebo (105 minutes vs 83 minutes, respectively). In addition, morphine reduced the pharmacodynamic (antiplatelet) effects of clopidogrel. In another study, IV morphine (5 mg) given immediately prior to a loading dose of ticagrelor (180 mg) decreased the AUC of ticagrelor and its active metabolite by approximately 36%, doubled the Tmax of ticagrelor, and reduced the antiplatelet effects of ticagrelor. The clinical relevance of this interaction is unknown. The risks associated with other opioid agonists are also unknown.

MANAGEMENT: Although data are limited, caution is recommended when orally administered P2Y12 inhibitors are given concomitantly with opioid agonists. In acute coronary syndrome patients who require an opioid agonist, the use of a parenteral antiplatelet agent, such as cangrelor, should be considered.

References (12)
  1. (2001) "Product Information. Plavix (clopidogrel)." Bristol-Myers Squibb
  2. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."
  3. Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information."
  4. Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios Healthcare (2008) Centro de información online de medicamentos de la AEMPS - CIMA. https://cima.aemps.es/cima/publico/home.html
  5. (2009) "Product Information. Effient (prasugrel)." Lilly, Eli and Company
  6. (2011) "Product Information. Brilinta (ticagrelor)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals
  7. Hobl EL, Stimpfl T, Ebner J, et al. (2013) "Morphine Decreases Clopidogrel Concentrations and Effects: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial." J Am Coll Cardiol
  8. Cerner Multum, Inc. (2015) "Canadian Product Information."
  9. Hobl EL, Reiter B, Schoergenhofer C, et al. (2015) "Morphine Decreases Ticagrelor Concentrations but not its Antiplatelet Effects: A Randomized Trial in Healthy Volunteers." Eur J Clin Invest, 46, p. 7-14
  10. Hobl EL, Reiter B, Schoergenhofer C, et al. (2015) "Morphine interaction with prasugrel: a double-blind, cross-over trial in healthy volunteers." Clin Res Cardiol, 105, p. 349-55
  11. Kubica J, Adamski P, Ostrowska M, et al. (2015) "Morphine delays and attenuates ticagrelor exposure and action in patients with myocardial infarction: the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled IMPRESSION trial." Eur Heart J
  12. Kubica J, Kubica A, Jilma B, et al. (2016) "Impact of morphine on antiplatelet effects of oral P2Y12 receptor inhibitors." Int J Cardiol, 215, p. 201-208

Drug and food interactions

Major

HYDROmorphone food

Applies to: Dilaudid Cough Syrup (guaifenesin / hydromorphone)

GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may potentiate the central nervous system (CNS) depressant effects of opioid analgesics including hydromorphone. Concomitant use may result in additive CNS depression and impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills. In more severe cases, hypotension, respiratory depression, profound sedation, coma, or even death may occur.

GENERALLY AVOID: Consumption of alcohol while taking sustained-release formulations of hydromorphone may cause rapid release of the drug, resulting in high systemic levels of hydromorphone that may be potentially lethal even in opioid-tolerant patients. Alcohol appears to disrupt the extended release mechanism, causing 'dose-dumping' into the bloodstream. In 48 healthy volunteers, coadministration of a 12 mg dose of sustained-release hydromorphone with 240 mL of 40% (80 proof) alcohol resulted in a mean peak hydromorphone concentration (Cmax) approximately six times greater than when taken with water. One subject had a 16-fold increase in hydromorphone Cmax with 40% alcohol compared to water. In some subjects, coadministration with 8 ounces of 4% alcohol (equivalent to 2/3 of a typical serving of beer) resulted in almost twice the hydromorphone Cmax than when coadministered with water. The effect of alcohol was more pronounced in a fasted state.

MANAGEMENT: Patients taking sustained-release formulations of hydromorphone should not consume alcohol or use medications that contain alcohol on days of hydromorphone dosing. In general, potent narcotics such as hydromorphone should not be combined with alcohol.

References (3)
  1. Levine B, Saady J, Fierro M, Valentour J (1984) "A hydromorphone and ethanol fatality." J Forensic Sci, 29, p. 655-9
  2. (2001) "Product Information. Dilaudid (hydromorphone)." Knoll Pharmaceutical Company
  3. FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2005) Healthcare Professional Sheet. FDA Alert [07/2005]: alcohol-palladone interaction. http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/SAFETY/2005/safety05.htm#Palladone

Therapeutic duplication warnings

No warnings were found for your selected drugs.

Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.

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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

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