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Drug Interactions between dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin and Myorisan

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Interactions between your drugs

Major

dexAMETHasone moxifloxacin

Applies to: dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin and dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin

MONITOR CLOSELY: Concomitant administration of corticosteroids may potentiate the risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture associated with fluoroquinolone treatment. The mechanism is unknown. Tendinitis and tendon rupture have most frequently involved the Achilles tendon, although cases involving the rotator cuff (the shoulder), the hand, the biceps, and the thumb have also been reported. Some have required surgical repair or resulted in prolonged disability. Tendon rupture can occur during or up to several months after completion of fluoroquinolone therapy.

MANAGEMENT: Caution is recommended if fluoroquinolones are prescribed in combination with corticosteroids, particularly in patients with other concomitant risk factors (e.g., age over 60 years; recipient of kidney, heart, and/or lung transplant). Patients should be advised to stop taking the fluoroquinolone, avoid exercise and use of the affected area, and promptly contact their physician if they experience pain, swelling, or inflammation of a tendon. In general, fluoroquinolones should only be used to treat conditions that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria and only if the benefits outweigh the risks.

References

  1. (2002) "Product Information. Cipro (ciprofloxacin)." Bayer
  2. (2001) "Product Information. Levaquin (levofloxacin)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  3. (2001) "Product Information. Avelox (moxifloxacin)." Bayer
  4. Khaliq Y, Zhanel GG (2003) "Fluoroquinolone-Associated Tendinopathy: A Critical Review of the Literature." Clin Infect Dis, 36, p. 1404-1410
  5. van der Linden PD, Sturkenboom MC, Herings RM, Leufkens HM, Rowlands S, Stricker BH (2003) "Increased risk of achilles tendon rupture with quinolone antibacterial use, especially in elderly patients taking oral corticosteroids." Arch Intern Med, 163, p. 1801-7
  6. FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2008) Information for Healthcare Professionals. Fluoroquinolone Antimicrobial Drugs. FDA Alert [7/8/2008]. http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/InfoSheets/HCP/fluoroquinolonesHCP.htm
  7. (2017) "Product Information. Baxdela (delafloxacin)." Melinta Therapeutics, Inc.
View all 7 references

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Moderate

dexAMETHasone ketorolac

Applies to: dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin and dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin

MONITOR: The combined use of corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may increase the potential for serious gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, including inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, and perforation. In a large, case-control study of elderly patients, those who used corticosteroids and NSAIDs concurrently had an estimated relative risk (RR) for peptic ulcer disease and GI hemorrhage of 14.6 compared to those who used neither. Corticosteroid use was associated with a doubling of the risk (estimated RR = 2.0), but the risk was confined to those who also used NSAIDs. It is possible that both categories of agents are ulcerogenic and have additive effects on the GI mucosa during coadministration. Some investigators have also suggested that the primary effect of corticosteroids in this interaction is to delay healing of erosions caused by NSAIDs rather than cause de novo ulcerations.

MANAGEMENT: Caution is advised if corticosteroids and NSAIDs are used together, especially in patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease or GI bleeding and in elderly and debilitated patients. During concomitant therapy, patients should be advised to take the medications with food and to immediately report signs and symptoms of GI ulceration and bleeding such as severe abdominal pain, dizziness, lightheadedness, and the appearance of black, tarry stools. The selective use of prophylactic anti-ulcer therapy (e.g., antacids, H2-antagonists) may be considered.

References

  1. Stewart JT, Pennington CR, Pringle R (1985) "Anti-inflammatory drugs and bowel perforations and haemorrhage." Br Med J, 290, p. 787-8
  2. Thomas TP (1984) "The complications of systemic corticosteroid therapy in the elderly." Gerontology, 30, p. 60-5
  3. Messer J, Reitman D, Sacks HS, et al. (1983) "Association of adrenocorticosteroid therapy and peptic-ulcer disease." N Engl J Med, 309, p. 21-4
  4. ReMine SG, McIlrath DC (1980) "Bowel perforation in steroid-treated patients." Ann Surg, 192, p. 581-6
  5. Levy M, Miller DR, Kaufman DW, Siskind V, Schwingl P, Rosenberg L, Strom B, Shapiro S (1988) "Major upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Relation to the use of aspirin and other nonnarcotic analgesics." Arch Intern Med, 148, p. 281-5
  6. Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Sheehan JE, Laszlo A, Wiholm BE, Alfredsson L, Koff RS, Shapiro S (1993) "Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in relation to major upper gastrointestinal bleeding." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 53, p. 485-94
  7. Wilcox CM, Shalek KA, Cotsonis G (1994) "Striking prevalence of over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drug use in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage." Arch Intern Med, 154, p. 42-6
  8. Cantu TG, Lipani JA (1995) "Gastrointestinal ulceration with NSAIDs." Am J Med, 99, p. 440-1
  9. Sacanella E, Munoz F, Cardellach F, Estruch R, Miro O, Urbanomarquez A (1996) "Massive haemorrhage due to colitis secondary to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs." Postgrad Med J, 72, p. 57-8
  10. Buchman AL, Schwartz MR (1996) "Colonic ulceration associated with the systemic use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medication." J Clin Gastroenterol, 22, p. 224-6
  11. Piper JM, Ray WA, Daugherty JR, Griffin MR (1991) "Corticosteroid use and peptic ulcer disease: role of nonsteroidal ani-inflammatory drugs." Ann Intern Med, 114, p. 735-40
View all 11 references

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Moderate

dexAMETHasone ISOtretinoin

Applies to: dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin and Myorisan (isotretinoin)

MONITOR: Theoretical concerns exist that isotretinoin and corticosteroids may have additive effects on bone loss. Decreased bone mineral density (osteomalacia, osteopenia, osteoporosis) and bone fractures have been reported with either treatment alone during prolonged administration. Avascular necrosis has also been reported with corticosteroids, particularly when given in high dosages or for prolonged periods. However, no formal clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate whether there is an interactive effect on bone loss during coadministration.

MANAGEMENT: Caution is advised when isotretinoin is used in combination with corticosteroids, particularly in patients with a history of osteomalacia, osteoporosis, or other disorders of bone metabolism. Bone-related laboratory and radiological tests should be considered.

References

  1. Need AG, Philcox JC, Hartley TF, Nordin BE (1986) "Calcium metabolism and osteoporosis in cortiscosteroid-treated postmenopausal women." Aust N Z J Med, 16, p. 341-6
  2. Mitchison HC, Bassendine MF, Malcolm AJ, et al. (1989) "A pilot, double-blind, controlled 1-year trial of prednisolone treatment in primary biliary cirrhosis: hepatic improvement but greater bone loss." Hepatology, 10, p. 420-9
  3. McCluskey J, Gutteridge DH (1982) "Avascular necrosis of bone after high doses of dexamethasone during neurosurgery." Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 284, p. 333-4
  4. Anderton JM, Helm R (1982) "Multiple joint osteonecrosis following short-term steroid therapy. Case report." J Bone Joint Surg Am, 64, p. 139-41
  5. Taylor LJ (1984) "Multifocal avascular necrosis after short-term high-dose steroid therapy. A report of three cases." J Bone Joint Surg Br, 66, p. 431-3
  6. Fast A, Alon M, Weiss S, Zer-Aviv FR (1984) "Avascular necrosis of bone following short-term dexamethasone therapy for brain edema. Case report." J Neurosurg, 61, p. 983-5
  7. Black KA, Khangure MS, Owen ET (1981) "Dexamethasone and osteonecrosis." Aust N Z J Med, 11, p. 521-5
  8. Sambrook PN, Hassall JE, York JR (1984) "Osteonecrosis after high dosage, short term corticosteroid therapy." J Rheumatol, 11, p. 514-6
  9. Archer AG, Nelson MC, Abbondanzo SL, Bogumill GP (1989) "Case report 554: Osteonecrosis at multiple sites as noted." Skeletal Radiol, 18, p. 380-4
  10. Williams IA, Mitchell AD, Rothman W, Tallett P, Williams K, Pitt P (1988) "Survey of the long term incidence of osteonecrosis of the hip and adverse medical events in rheumatoid arthritis after high dose intravenous methylprednisolone." Ann Rheum Dis, 47, p. 930-3
  11. Bijlsma JW, Duursma SA, Bosch R, Raymakers JA, Huber-Bruning O (1988) "Acute changes in calcium and bone metabolism during methylprednisolone pulse therapy in rheumatoid arthritis." Br J Rheumatol, 27, p. 215-9
  12. Mizuta H, Kubota K, Shiraishi M, Kai K, Nakamura E, Takagi K (1993) "Steroid-related bilateral osteonecrosis of the patella." Arthroscopy, 9, p. 114-6
  13. (2001) "Product Information. Accutane (isotretinoin)." Roche Laboratories
  14. Marystone JF, Barrettconnor EL, Morton DJ (1995) "Inhaled and oral corticosteroids: their effects on bone mineral density in older adults." Am J Public Health, 85, p. 1693-5
  15. Packe GE, Douglas JG, McDonald AF, Robins SP, Reid DM (1992) "Bone density in asthmatic patients taking high dose inhaled beclomethasone diproprionate and intermittent systemic corticosteroids." Thorax, 47, p. 414-7
  16. Cruess RL (1978) "Experience with steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the shoulder and etiologic considerations regarding osteonecrosis of the hip." Clin Orthop, Jan-Feb(13, p. 86-93
  17. Saisu T, Sakamoto K, Yamada K, Kashiwabara H, Yokoyama T, Iida S, Harada Y, Ikenoue S, Sakamoto M, Moriya H (1996) "High incidence of osteonecrosis of femoral head in patients receiving more than 2 g of intravenous methylprednisolone after renal transplantation." Transplant Proc, 28, p. 1559-60
  18. Ledford D, Apter A, Brenner AM, Rubin K, Prestwood K, Frieri M, Lukert B (1998) "Osteoporosis in the corticosteroid-treated patient with asthma." J Allergy Clin Immunol, 102, p. 353-62
  19. Goldstein MF, Fallon JJ, Harning R (1999) "Chronic glucocorticoid therapy-induced osteoporosis in patients with obstructive lung disease." Chest, 116, p. 1733-49
View all 19 references

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Moderate

ketorolac moxifloxacin

Applies to: dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin and dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin

MONITOR: Coadministration with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may potentiate the risk of central nervous system toxicity sometimes associated with fluoroquinolone use. The interaction has been reported most often with enoxacin. It may occur with other fluoroquinolones as well, but is poorly documented. The exact mechanism of interaction is unknown. Some investigators suggest that the piperazine ring of fluoroquinolones may inhibit the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to brain receptors and that NSAIDs may synergistically add to this effect. Patients with a history of seizures may be at greater risk.

MANAGEMENT: Clinical monitoring for signs of CNS stimulation such as tremors, involuntary muscle movements, hallucinations, or seizures is recommended if fluoroquinolone antibiotics are prescribed in combination with NSAIDs.

References

  1. Ball P (1986) "Ciprofloxacin: an overview of adverse experiences." J Antimicrob Chemother, 18, p. 187-93
  2. Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (1985) "The fluoroquinolones: pharmacology, clinical uses, and toxicities in humans." Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 28, p. 716-21
  3. (2002) "Product Information. Cipro (ciprofloxacin)." Bayer
  4. (2002) "Product Information. Penetrex (enoxacin)." Rhone Poulenc Rorer
  5. (2001) "Product Information. Floxin (ofloxacin)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  6. Domagala JM (1994) "Structure-activity and structure-side-effect relationships for the quinolone antibacterials." J Antimicrob Chemother, 33, p. 685-706
  7. (2001) "Product Information. Levaquin (levofloxacin)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  8. (2001) "Product Information. Raxar (grepafloxacin)." Glaxo Wellcome
  9. Davey PG (1988) "Overview of drug interactions with the quinolones." J Antimicrob Chemother, 22(suppl c), p. 97-107
  10. Ball P, Tillotson G (1996) "Tolerability of fluoroquinolone antibiotics: past, present and future." Drug Saf, 13, p. 343-8
  11. (2001) "Product Information. Avelox (moxifloxacin)." Bayer
  12. (2001) "Product Information. Tequin (gatifloxacin)." Bristol-Myers Squibb
  13. (2003) "Product Information. Factive (gemifloxacin)." *GeneSoft Inc
  14. Segev S. Rehavi M, Rubinstein E (1988) "Quinolones, theophylline, and diclofenac interactions with the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor." Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 32, p. 1624-6
View all 14 references

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Drug and food interactions

Moderate

ketorolac food

Applies to: dexamethasone / ketorolac / moxifloxacin

GENERALLY AVOID: The concurrent use of aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and ethanol may lead to gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss. The mechanism may be due to a combined local effect as well as inhibition of prostaglandins leading to decreased integrity of the GI lining.

MANAGEMENT: Patients should be counseled on this potential interaction and advised to refrain from alcohol consumption while taking aspirin or NSAIDs.

References

  1. (2002) "Product Information. Motrin (ibuprofen)." Pharmacia and Upjohn

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Moderate

ISOtretinoin food

Applies to: Myorisan (isotretinoin)

GENERALLY AVOID: The combined use of ethanol and isotretinoin may result in a disulfiram-like reaction. The mechanism has not been established.

MANAGEMENT: Alcohol consumption should be avoided during isotretinoin therapy.

References

  1. (2001) "Product Information. Accutane (isotretinoin)." Roche Laboratories

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Therapeutic duplication warnings

No warnings were found for your selected drugs.

Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.

See also

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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

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