Drug Interactions between atovaquone / proguanil and fecal microbiota spores, live

ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Food, particularly high-fat food, significantly enhances the oral absorption and bioavailability of atovaquone. In 16 healthy volunteers, administration of a single 750 mg dose of atovaquone suspension following a standard breakfast (23 g fat: 610 kCal) resulted in an approximately 3.4-fold increase in the mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and a 2.5-fold increase in the mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of atovaquone compared to administration following an overnight fast. In a study consisting of 19 HIV-infected volunteers receiving atovaquone suspension 500 mg/day, Cmax and AUC of atovaquone increased by 72% and 66%, respectively, in the fed state relative to the fasting state.

MANAGEMENT: To ensure maximal oral absorption, atovaquone products (suspension, tablet, or in combination with proguanil) should be administered with a meal or milky drink, or enteral nutrition at the same time(s) each day. Because plasma atovaquone concentrations have been shown to correlate with the likelihood of successful treatment and in some cases, survival, alternative therapies may be appropriate for patients who have difficulty taking atovaquone with food.

ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: There are no data regarding the effects of concurrent administration of oral fecal microbiota spores with food.

MANAGEMENT: The manufacturer of the oral formulation of fecal microbiota recommends that patients should have no food or drink except for a small amount of water for at least 8 hours prior to the first dose of fecal microbiota spores. The second and third doses of fecal microbiota spores should be taken on an empty stomach prior to the first meal of the day.