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Drug Interactions between acetaminophen / dextromethorphan / guaifenesin / pseudoephedrine and procarbazine

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Interactions between your drugs

Major

dextromethorphan procarbazine

Applies to: acetaminophen / dextromethorphan / guaifenesin / pseudoephedrine and procarbazine

CONTRAINDICATED: By inhibiting serotonin metabolism, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) may potentiate the pharmacologic activity of serotonergic agents such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors, 5-HT1 receptor agonists, ergot alkaloids, buspirone, dextromethorphan, and most antidepressants. The result may be an increased risk of serotonin syndrome, which is a rare but serious and potentially fatal condition thought to result from hyperstimulation of brainstem 5-HT1A and 2A receptors. Symptoms of the serotonin syndrome may include mental status changes such as irritability, altered consciousness, confusion, hallucinations, and coma; autonomic dysfunction such as tachycardia, hyperthermia, diaphoresis, shivering, blood pressure lability, and mydriasis; neuromuscular abnormalities such as hyperreflexia, myoclonus, tremor, rigidity, and ataxia; and gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

MANAGEMENT: In general, serotonergic agents should not be used concurrently with MAOIs or other agents that possess MAOI activity (e.g., furazolidone, methylene blue, procarbazine). At least 14 days should elapse between discontinuation of MAOI therapy and initiation of treatment with serotonergic agents. A washout period of 5 to 14 days is usually recommended when switching from another antidepressant to an MAOI; however, the individual product labeling should be consulted.

References

  1. Pettinger WA, Soyangco FG, Oates JA "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in man by furazolidone." Clin Pharmacol Ther 9 (1968): 442-7
  2. Schulz R, Antonin KH, Hoffmann E, et al. "Tyramine kinetics and pressor sensitivity during monoamine oxidase inhibition by selegiline." Clin Pharmacol Ther 46 (1989): 528-36
  3. Sternbach H "Danger of MAOI therapy after fluoxetine withdrawal." Lancet 2 (1988): 850-1
  4. Sovner R, Wolfe J "Interaction between dextromethorphan and monoamine oxidase inhibitor therapy with isocarboxazid ." N Engl J Med 319 (1988): 1671
  5. Bem JL, Peck R "Dextromethorphan. An overview of safety issues." Drug Saf 7 (1992): 190-9
  6. Nierenberg DW, Semprebon M "The central nervous system serotonin syndrome." Clin Pharmacol Ther 53 (1993): 84-8
  7. Graham PM, Potter JM, Paterson J "Combination monoamine oxidase inhibitor/tricyclic antidepressants interaction." Lancet 2 (1982): 440
  8. Spiker DG, Pugh DD "Combining tricyclic and monoamine oxidase inhibitor antidepressants." Arch Gen Psychiatry 33 (1976): 828-30
  9. White K, Pistole T, Boyd JL "Combined monoamine oxidase inhibitor-tricyclic antidepressant treatment: a pilot study." Am J Psychiatry 137 (1980): 1422-5
  10. White K, Simpson G "Combined MAOI-tricyclic antidepressant treatment: a reevaluation." J Clin Psychopharmacol 1 (1981): 264-82
  11. Rivers N, Horner B "Possible lethal reaction between nardil and dextromethorphan." Can Med Assoc J 103 (1970): 85
  12. "Product Information. D.H.E. 45 (dihydroergotamine)." Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation PROD (2002):
  13. Sternbach H "The serotonin syndrome." Am J Psychiatry 148 (1991): 705-13
  14. Feighner JP, Boyer WF, Tyler DL, Neborsky RJ "Adverse consequences of fluoxetine-MAOI combination therapy." J Clin Psychiatry 51 (1990): 222-5
  15. Graham PM, Ilett KF "Danger of MAOI therapy after fluoxetine withdrawal." Lancet 2 (1988): 1255-6
  16. Bhatara VS, Bandettini FC "Possible interaction between sertraline and tranylcypromine." Clin Pharm 12 (1993): 222-5
  17. Suchowersky O, deVries JD "Interaction of fluoxetine and selegiline." Can J Psychiatry 35 (1990): 571-2
  18. "Product Information. Effexor (venlafaxine)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories PROD (2001):
  19. Brannan SK, Talley BJ, Bowden CL "Sertraline and isocarboxazid cause a serotonin syndrome." J Clin Psychopharmacol 14 (1994): 144-5
  20. Graber MA, Hoehns TB, Perry PJ "Sertraline-phenelzine drug interaction: a serotonin syndrome reaction." Ann Pharmacother 28 (1994): 732-5
  21. Cetaruk EW, Aaron CK "Hazards of nonprescription medications." Emerg Med Clin North Am 12 (1994): 483-510
  22. Diamond S "The use of sumatriptan in patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitors." Neurology 45 (1995): 1039-40
  23. Phillips SD, Ringo P "Phenelzine and venlafaxine interaction." Am J Psychiatry 152 (1995): 1400-1
  24. Klysner R, Larsen JK, Sorensen P, Hyllested M, Pedersen BD "Toxic interaction of venlafaxine and isocarboxazide." Lancet 346 (1995): 1298-9
  25. Darcy PF, Griffin JP "Interactions with drugs used in the treatment of depressive illness." Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 14 (1995): 211-31
  26. Heisler MA, Guidry JR, Arnecke B "Serotonin syndrome induced by administration of venlafaxine and phenelzine." Ann Pharmacother 30 (1996): 84
  27. De Vita VT, Hahn MA, Oliverio VT "Monoamine oxidase inhibition by a new carcinostatic agent, n-isopropyl-a-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide (MIH). (30590)." Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 120 (1965): 561-5
  28. Fischer P "Serotonin syndrome in the elderly after antidepressive monotherapy." J Clin Psychopharmacol 15 (1995): 440-2
  29. Corkeron MA "Serotonin syndrome - a potentially fatal complication of antidepressant therapy." Med J Aust 163 (1995): 481-2
  30. Thomas JM, Rubin EH "Case report of a toxic reaction from a combination of tryptophan and phenelzine." Am J Psychiatry 141 (1984): 281-3
  31. Pope HG Jr, Jonas JM, Hudson JI, Kafka MP "Toxic reactions to the combination of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and tryptophan." Am J Psychiatry 142 (1985): 491-2
  32. Alvine G, Black DW, Tsuang D "Case of delirium secondary to phenelzine/L-tryptophan combination." J Clin Psychiatry 51 (1990): 311
  33. Staufenberg EF, Tantam D "Malignant hyperpyrexia syndrome in combined treatment." Br J Psychiatry 154 (1989): 577-8
  34. Levy AB, Bucher P, Votolato N "Myoclonus, hyperreflexia and diaphoresis in patients on phenelzine- tryptophan combination treatment." Can J Psychiatry 30 (1985): 434-6
  35. Beasley CM Jr, Masica DN, Heiligenstein JH, Wheadon DE, Zerbe RL "Possible monoamine oxidase inhibitor-serotonin uptake inhibitor interaction: fluoxetine clinical data and preclinical findings." J Clin Psychopharmacol 13 (1993): 312-20
  36. Mills KC "Serotonin syndrome: A clinical update." Crit Care Clin 13 (1997): 763
  37. Gardner DM, Lynd LD "Sumatriptan contraindications and the serotonin syndrome." Ann Pharmacother 32 (1998): 33-8
  38. Mathew NT, Tietjen GE, Lucker C "Serotonin syndrome complicating migraine pharmacotherapy." Cephalalgia 16 (1996): 323-7
  39. Weiner LA, Smythe M, Cisek J "Serotonin syndrome secondary to phenelzine-venlafaxine interaction." Pharmacotherapy 18 (1998): 399-403
  40. Diamond S, Pepper BJ, Diamond ML, Freitag FG, Urban GJ, Erdemoglu AK "Serotonin syndrome induced by transitioning from phenelzine to venlafaxine: four patient reports." Neurology 51 (1998): 274-6
  41. Chan BSH, Graudins A, Whyte IM, Dawson AH, Braitberg G, Duggin GG "Serotonin syndrome resulting from drug interactions." Med J Aust 169 (1998): 523-5
  42. Brubacher JR, Hoffman RS, Lurin MJ "Serotonin syndrome from venlafaxine-tranylcypromine interaction." Vet Hum Toxicol 38 (1996): 358-61
  43. Miller LG "Herbal medicinals: selected clinical considerations focusing on known or potential drug-herb interactions." Arch Intern Med 158 (1998): 2200-11
  44. Martin TG "Serotonin syndrome." Ann Emerg Med 28 (1996): 520-6
  45. Jacob JE, Wagner ML, Sage JI "Safety of selegiline with cold medications." Ann Pharmacother 37 (2003): 438-41
  46. "Product Information. Cymbalta (duloxetine)." Lilly, Eli and Company (2004):
  47. "Product Information. Manerix (moclobemide)." Hoffmann-La Roche Limited (2005):
  48. Gillman PK "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity." Br J Anaesth (2005):
  49. Bodner RA, Lynch T, Lewis L, Kahn D "Serotonin syndrome." Neurology 45 (1995): 219-23
  50. Jimenez-Genchi A "Immediate switching from moclobemide to duloxetine may induce serotonin syndrome." J Clin Psychiatry 67 (2006): 1821-1822
  51. "Product Information. Pristiq (desvenlafaxine)." Wyeth Laboratories (2008):
  52. "Product Information. Savella (milnacipran)." Forest Pharmaceuticals (2009):
  53. "Product Information. Viibryd (vilazodone)." Trovis Pharmaceuticals LLC (2011):
  54. "Product Information. Fetzima (levomilnacipran)." Forest Pharmaceuticals (2013):
View all 54 references

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Major

procarbazine pseudoephedrine

Applies to: procarbazine and acetaminophen / dextromethorphan / guaifenesin / pseudoephedrine

CONTRAINDICATED: Indirect- or mixed-acting sympathomimetic amines may precipitate severe hypertensive reactions and hyperpyrexia in patients treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Death has occurred in some reported cases. The mechanism involves a synergistic sympathomimetic effect due to enhanced norepinephrine storage in adrenergic neurons (MAOI activity) and increased liberation of catecholamines (indirect sympathomimetic activity). Although the interaction has primarily involved nonselective MAOIs, hypertensive crisis has been reported in a patient taking ephedrine with the recommended dosage of a selective MAO-B inhibitor.

MANAGEMENT: In general, indirect- and mixed-acting sympathomimetic agents should not be used concurrently with MAOIs or other agents that possess MAOI activity (e.g., furazolidone, methylene blue, procarbazine). At least 14 days should elapse between discontinuation of MAOI therapy and initiation of treatment with sympathomimetic agents.

References

  1. Pettinger WA, Soyangco FG, Oates JA "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in man by furazolidone." Clin Pharmacol Ther 9 (1968): 442-7
  2. Schulz R, Antonin KH, Hoffmann E, et al. "Tyramine kinetics and pressor sensitivity during monoamine oxidase inhibition by selegiline." Clin Pharmacol Ther 46 (1989): 528-36
  3. Elis J, Laurence DR, Mattie H, Prichard BN "Modification by monoamine oxidase inhibitors of the effect of some sympathomimetics on blood pressure." Br Med J 2 (1967): 75-8
  4. Davies B, Bannister R, Sever P "Pressor amines and monoamine-oxidase inhibitors for treatment of postural hypotension in autonomic failure: limitations and hazards." Lancet 1 (1978): 172-5
  5. Goldberg LI "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: adverse reactions and possible mechanisms." JAMA 190 (1964): 456-62
  6. Horler AR, Wynne NA "Hypertensive crisis due to pargyline and metaraminol." Br Med J 5459 (1965): 460-1
  7. Sjoqvist F "Psychotropic drugs (2) interaction between monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors and other substances." Proc R Soc Med 58 (1965): 967-78
  8. Harrison WM, McGrath PJ, Stewart JW, Quitkin F "MAOIs and hypertensive crises: the role of OTC drugs." J Clin Psychiatry 50 (1989): 64-5
  9. Cuthbert MF, Greenberg MP, Morley SW "Cough and cold remedies: a potential danger to patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitors." Br Med J 1 (1969): 404-6
  10. Humberstone PM "Hypertension from cold remedies." Br Med J 1 (1969): 846
  11. Wright SP "Hazards with monoamine-oxidase inhibitors: a persistent problem." Lancet 1 (1978): 284-5
  12. Schildkraut JJ, Klerman GL, Friend DG, Greenblatt M "Biochemical and pressor effects of oral d,l-dihydroxyphenylalanine in patients pretreated with antidepressant drugs." Ann N Y Acad Sci 107 (1963): 1005-15
  13. Smookler S, Bermudez AJ "Hypertensive crisis resulting from an MAO inhibitor and an over-the-counter appetite suppressant." Ann Intern Med 11 (1982): 482-4
  14. Mason AM, Buckle RM ""Cold" cures and monoamine-oxidase inhibitors." Br Med J 1 (1969): 845-6
  15. Boakes AJ, Laurence DR, Teoh PC, Barar FS, Benedikter LT, Prichard BN "Interactions between sympathomimetic amines and antidepressant agents in man." Br Med J 1 (1973): 311-5
  16. Goulet JP, Perusse R, Turcotte JY "Contraindications to vasoconstrictors in dentistry: Part III. Pharmacologic interactions." Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 74 (1992): 692-7
  17. Ban TA "Drug interactions with psychoactive drugs." Dis Nerv Syst 36 (1975): 164-6
  18. Lefebvre H, Noblet C, Morre N, Wolf LM "Pseudo-phaeochromocytoma after multiple drug interactions involving the selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor selegiline." Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 42 (1995): 95-8
  19. Darcy PF, Griffin JP "Interactions with drugs used in the treatment of depressive illness." Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 14 (1995): 211-31
  20. De Vita VT, Hahn MA, Oliverio VT "Monoamine oxidase inhibition by a new carcinostatic agent, n-isopropyl-a-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide (MIH). (30590)." Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 120 (1965): 561-5
  21. Kraft KE, Dore FH "Computerized drug interaction programs: how reliable?." JAMA 275 (1996): 1087
View all 21 references

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Drug and food interactions

Major

procarbazine food

Applies to: procarbazine

CONTRAINDICATED: Foods that contain large amounts of tyramine may precipitate a hypertensive crisis in patients treated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The mechanism is inhibition of MAO-A, the enzyme responsible for metabolizing exogenous amines such as tyramine in the gut and preventing them from being absorbed intact. Once absorbed, tyramine is metabolized to octopamine, a substance that is believed to displace norepinephrine from storage granules.

GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of MAOIs. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.

MANAGEMENT: In general, patients treated with MAOIs or other agents that possess MAOI activity (e.g., furazolidone, linezolid, procarbazine) should avoid consumption of products that contain large amounts of amines and protein foods in which aging or breakdown of protein is used to increase flavor. These foods include cheese (particularly strong, aged or processed cheeses), sour cream, wine (particularly red wine), champagne, beer, pickled herring, anchovies, caviar, shrimp paste, liver (particularly chicken liver), dry sausage, salamis, figs, raisins, bananas, avocados, chocolate, soy sauce, bean curd, sauerkraut, yogurt, papaya products, meat tenderizers, fava bean pods, protein extracts, yeast extracts, and dietary supplements. Caffeine may also precipitate hypertensive crisis so its intake should be minimized as well. At least 14 days should elapse following discontinuation of MAOI therapy before these foods may be consumed. Specially designed reference materials and dietary consultation are recommended so that an appropriate and safe diet can be planned. Patients should be advised to promptly seek medical attention if they experience potential signs and symptoms of a hypertensive crisis such as severe headache, visual disturbances, difficulty thinking, stupor or coma, seizures, chest pain, unexplained nausea or vomiting, and stroke-like symptoms. Patients should also be counseled not to use MAOIs with alcohol, and to avoid hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them.

References

  1. Pettinger WA, Soyangco FG, Oates JA "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase in man by furazolidone." Clin Pharmacol Ther 9 (1968): 442-7
  2. Goldberg LI "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: adverse reactions and possible mechanisms." JAMA 190 (1964): 456-62
  3. Nuessle WF, Norman FC, Miller HE "Pickled herring and tranylcypromine reaction." JAMA 192 (1965): 142-3
  4. Sweet RA, Liebowitz MR, Holt CS, Heimberg RG "Potential interactions between monoamine oxidase inhibitors and prescribed dietary supplements." J Clin Psychopharmacol 11 (1991): 331-2
  5. Walker JI, Davidson J, Zung WWK "Patient compliance with MAO Inhibitor therapy." J Clin Psychiatry 45 (1984): 78-80
  6. Ban TA "Drug interactions with psychoactive drugs." Dis Nerv Syst 36 (1975): 164-6
  7. Darcy PF, Griffin JP "Interactions with drugs used in the treatment of depressive illness." Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 14 (1995): 211-31
  8. Maxwell MB "Reexamining the dietary restrictions with procarbazine (an MAOI)." Cancer Nurs 3 (1980): 451-7
  9. "Product Information. Matulane (procarbazine)." Roche Laboratories PROD (2001):
  10. De Vita VT, Hahn MA, Oliverio VT "Monoamine oxidase inhibition by a new carcinostatic agent, n-isopropyl-a-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide (MIH). (30590)." Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 120 (1965): 561-5
  11. Zetin M, Plon L, DeAntonio M "MAOI reaction with powdered protein dietary supplement." J Clin Psychiatry 48 (1987): 499
  12. Domino EF, Selden EM "Red wine and reactions." J Clin Psychopharmacol 4 (1984): 173-4
  13. Tailor SA, Shulman KI, Walker SE, Moss J, Gardner D "Hypertensive episode associated with phenelzine and tap beer--a reanalysis of the role of pressor amines in beer." J Clin Psychopharmacol 14 (1994): 5-14
  14. Pohl R, Balon R, Berchou R "Reaction to chicken nuggets in a patient taking an MAOI." Am J Psychiatry 145 (1988): 651
  15. "Product Information. Furoxone (furazolidone)." Roberts Pharmaceutical Corporation PROD (2001):
  16. "Product Information. Nardil (phenelzine)." Parke-Davis PROD (2001):
  17. "Product Information. Marplan (isocarboxazid)." Roche Laboratories PROD (2001):
  18. "Product Information. Zyvox (linezolid)." Pharmacia and Upjohn PROD (2001):
  19. Martin TG "Serotonin syndrome." Ann Emerg Med 28 (1996): 520-6
View all 19 references

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Major

acetaminophen food

Applies to: acetaminophen / dextromethorphan / guaifenesin / pseudoephedrine

GENERALLY AVOID: Chronic, excessive consumption of alcohol may increase the risk of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity, which has included rare cases of fatal hepatitis and frank hepatic failure requiring liver transplantation. The proposed mechanism is induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes during chronic alcohol use, which may result in accelerated metabolism of acetaminophen and increased production of potentially hepatotoxic metabolites.

MANAGEMENT: In general, chronic alcoholics should avoid regular or excessive use of acetaminophen. Alternative analgesic/antipyretic therapy may be appropriate in patients who consume three or more alcoholic drinks per day. However, if acetaminophen is used, these patients should be cautioned not to exceed the recommended dosage (maximum 4 g/day in adults and children 12 years of age or older).

References

  1. Kaysen GA, Pond SM, Roper MH, Menke DJ, Marrama MA "Combined hepatic and renal injury in alcoholics during therapeutic use of acetaminophen." Arch Intern Med 145 (1985): 2019-23
  2. O'Dell JR, Zetterman RK, Burnett DA "Centrilobular hepatic fibrosis following acetaminophen-induced hepatic necrosis in an alcoholic." JAMA 255 (1986): 2636-7
  3. Seeff LB, Cuccherini BA, Zimmerman HJ, Adler E, Benjamin SB "Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in alcoholics." Ann Intern Med 104 (1986): 399-404
  4. Thummel KE, Slattery JT, Nelson SD "Mechanism by which ethanol diminishes the hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen." J Pharmacol Exp Ther 245 (1988): 129-36
  5. McClain CJ, Kromhout JP, Peterson FJ, Holtzman JL "Potentiation of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by alcohol." JAMA 244 (1980): 251-3
  6. Kartsonis A, Reddy KR, Schiff ER "Alcohol, acetaminophen, and hepatic necrosis." Ann Intern Med 105 (1986): 138-9
  7. Prescott LF, Critchley JA "Drug interactions affecting analgesic toxicity." Am J Med 75 (1983): 113-6
  8. "Product Information. Tylenol (acetaminophen)." McNeil Pharmaceutical PROD (2002):
  9. Whitcomb DC, Block GD "Association of acetaminopphen hepatotoxicity with fasting and ethanol use." JAMA 272 (1994): 1845-50
  10. Bonkovsky HL "Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity, fasting, and ethanol." JAMA 274 (1995): 301
  11. Nelson EB, Temple AR "Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity, fasting, and ethanol." JAMA 274 (1995): 301
  12. Zimmerman HJ, Maddrey WC "Acetaminophen (paracetamol) hepatotoxicity with regular intake of alcohol: analysis of instances of therapeutic misadventure." Hepatology 22 (1995): 767-73
View all 12 references

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Moderate

dextromethorphan food

Applies to: acetaminophen / dextromethorphan / guaifenesin / pseudoephedrine

GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of CNS-active agents. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.

MANAGEMENT: Patients receiving CNS-active agents should be warned of this interaction and advised to avoid or limit consumption of alcohol. Ambulatory patients should be counseled to avoid hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them, and to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.

References

  1. Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology 15 (1986): 31-7
  2. Gilman AG, eds., Nies AS, Rall TW, Taylor P "Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics." New York, NY: Pergamon Press Inc. (1990):
  3. "Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel)." Eisai Inc (2012):
  4. "Product Information. Rexulti (brexpiprazole)." Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc (2015):
View all 4 references

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Moderate

pseudoephedrine food

Applies to: acetaminophen / dextromethorphan / guaifenesin / pseudoephedrine

MONITOR: Coadministration of two or more sympathomimetic agents may increase the risk of adverse effects such as nervousness, irritability, and increased heart rate. Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, particularly amphetamines, can potentiate the adrenergic response to vasopressors and other sympathomimetic agents. Additive increases in blood pressure and heart rate may occur due to enhanced peripheral sympathetic activity.

MANAGEMENT: Caution is advised if two or more sympathomimetic agents are coadministered. Pulse and blood pressure should be closely monitored.

References

  1. Rosenblatt JE, Lake CR, van Kammen DP, Ziegler MG, Bunney WE Jr "Interactions of amphetamine, pimozide, and lithium on plasma norepineophrine and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in schizophrenic patients." Psychiatry Res 1 (1979): 45-52
  2. Cavanaugh JH, Griffith JD, Oates JA "Effect of amphetamine on the pressor response to tyramine: formation of p-hydroxynorephedrine from amphetamine in man." Clin Pharmacol Ther 11 (1970): 656
  3. "Product Information. Adderall (amphetamine-dextroamphetamine)." Shire Richwood Pharmaceutical Company Inc PROD (2001):
  4. "Product Information. Tenuate (diethylpropion)." Aventis Pharmaceuticals PROD (2001):
  5. "Product Information. Sanorex (mazindol)." Novartis Pharmaceuticals PROD (2001):
  6. "Product Information. Focalin (dexmethylphenidate)." Mikart Inc (2001):
  7. "Product Information. Strattera (atomoxetine)." Lilly, Eli and Company (2002):
View all 7 references

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Therapeutic duplication warnings

No warnings were found for your selected drugs.

Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.


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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.