S2. Peptide Hormones, Growth Factors, Related Substances And Mimetics

All prohibited substances in this class are non-Specified Substances.

The following substances, and other substances with similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s), are prohibited:

S2.1. Erythropoietins (epo) And Agents Affecting Erythropoiesis, Including, But Not Limited To:

S2.1.1 Erythropoietin-receptor Agonists, E.g.

• Darbepoetins (dEPO)
• Erythropoietins (EPO)
• EPO-based constructs [e.g. EPO-Fc, methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (CERA)]
• EPO-mimetic agents and their constructs (e.g. CNTO-530, peginesatide)

S2.1.2 Hypoxia-inducible Factor (hif) Activating Agents, E.g.

• Cobalt
• Daprodustat (GSK1278863)
• IOX2
• Molidustat (BAY 85-3934)
• Roxadustat (FG-4592)
• Vadadustat (AKB-6548)
• Xenon

S2.1.3 Gata Inhibitors, E.g.

• K-11706

S2.1.4 Transforming Growth Factor -beta (tgf-Β) Signaling Inhibitors, E.g.

• Luspatercept
• Sotatercept

S2.1.5 Innate Repair Receptor Agonists, E.g.

• Asialo EPO
• Carbamylated EPO (CEPO)

S2.2. Peptide Hormones And Their Releasing Factors

S2.2.1 testosterone-stimulating Peptides In Males Including, But Not Limited To:

• chorionic gonadotrophin (CG)
• luteinizing hormone (LH) 
• gonadotrophin- releasing hormone (GnRH, gonadorelin) and its
  agonist analogues (e.g. buserelin, deslorelin, goserelin, histrelin, leuprorelin,
  nafarelin and triptorelin)
• kisspeptin and its agonist analogues

S2.2.2 Corticotrophins And Their Releasing Factors, E.g. Corticorelin And Tetracosactide

S2.2.3 Growth Hormone (gh), Its Analogues And Fragments, Including, But Not Limited To:

• growth hormone analogues, e.g. lonapegsomatropin, somapacitan and somatrogon
• growth hormone fragments, e.g. AOD-9604 and hGH 176-191

S2.2.4 Growth Hormone Releasing Factors, Including, But Not Limited To:

• growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its analogues (e.g. CJC-1293, CJC-1295, sermorelin and tesamorelin)
• growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) and their mimetics [e.g. anamorelin, capromorelin, ibutamoren (MK-677), ipamorelin, lenomorelin (ghrelin), macimorelin and tabimorelin]
• GH-releasing peptides (GHRPs) [e.g. alexamorelin, examorelin (hexarelin), GHRP-1, GHRP-2 (pralmorelin), GHRP-3, GHRP-4, GHRP-5 and GHRP-6]

S2.3. Growth Factors And Growth Factor Modulators

Including, but not limited to:

• Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)
• Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)
• Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1, mecasermin) and its analogues
• Mechano growth factors (MGFs)
• Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
• Thymosin-β4 and its derivatives e.g. TB-500
• Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

  and other growth factors or growth factor modulators affecting muscle, tendon or ligament protein synthesis/degradation, vascularisation, energy utilization, regenerative capacity or fibre type switching.