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Intrarosa Disease Interactions

There are 3 disease interactions with Intrarosa (dehydroepiandrosterone).

Major

Estrogens (applies to Intrarosa) abnormal vaginal bleeding

Major Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

The use of estrogens is contraindicated in patients with undiagnosed, abnormal vaginal bleeding. Prolonged (> 1 year), unopposed estrogen use (i.e. estrogen without concomitant progestin therapy) has been associated with a significant, dose-related risk of endometrial carcinoma. The risk may be offset substantially by the addition of a progestin but may not be completely abolished. Prior to initiating estrogen therapy, appropriate diagnostic tests should be performed in patients with abnormal vaginal bleeding to rule out endometrial malignancy. The same applies if recurrent or persistent bleeding develops during estrogen therapy.

References

  1. Obrink A, Bunne G, Collen J, Tjernberg B (1979) "Endometrial cancer and exogenous estrogens." Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 58, p. 123
  2. Spengler RF, Clarke EA, Woolever CA, Newman AM, Osborn RW (1981) "Exogenous estrogens and endometrial cancer: a case-control study and assessment of potential biases." Am J Epidemiol, 114, p. 497-506
  3. Buring JE, Bain CJ, Ehrmann RL (1986) "Conjugated estrogen use and risk of endometrial cancer." Am J Epidemiol, 124, p. 434-41
  4. Persson I, Adami HO, Bergkvist L, Lindgren A, Pettersson B, Hoover R, Schairer C (1989) "Risk of endometrial cancer after treatment with oestrogens alone or in conjunction with progestogens: results of a prospective study." BMJ, 298, p. 147-51
  5. Antunes CM, Strolley PD, Rosenshein NB, Davies JL, Tonascia JA, Brown C, Burnett L, Rutledge A, Pokempner M, Garcia R (1979) "Endometrial cancer and estrogen use. Report of a large case-control study." N Engl J Med, 300, p. 9-13
  6. Gordon J, Reagan JW, Finkle WD, Ziel HK (1977) "Estrogen and endometrial carcinoma. An independent pathology review supporting original risk estimate." N Engl J Med, 297, p. 570-1
  7. Shapiro S, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Kaufman DW, Helmrich SP, Rosenshein NB, Lewis JL Jr, Knapp RC, Stolley PD, Schottenfeld D (1985) "Risk of localized and widespread endometrial cancer in relation to recent and discontinued use of conjugated estrogens." N Engl J Med, 313, p. 969-72
  8. Gray LA Sr, Christopherson WM, Hoover RN (1977) "Estrogens and endometrial carcinoma." Obstet Gynecol, 49, p. 385-9
  9. Woodruff JD, Pickar JH (1994) "Incidence of endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women taking conjugated estrogens (Premarin) with medroxyprogesterone acetate or conjugated estrogens alone." Am J Obstet Gynecol, 170, p. 1213-23
  10. (2001) "Product Information. Premarin (conjugated estrogens)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  11. (2001) "Product Information. Climara (estradiol)." Berlex Laboratories
  12. (2001) "Product Information. Estrace (estradiol)." Warner Chilcott Laboratories
  13. (2001) "Product Information. Estraderm (estradiol)." Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals
  14. (2001) "Product Information. Vivelle (estradiol)." Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals
  15. The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial (1996) "Effects of hormone replacement therapy on endometrial histology in postmenopausal women." JAMA, 275, p. 370-5
  16. "Product Information. Ortho-Novum 10/11 (ethinyl estradiol-norethindrone)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  17. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Cept (desogestrel-ethinyl estradiol)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  18. "Product Information. Demulen 1/50 (ethinyl estradiol-ethynodiol)." Searle
  19. (2001) "Product Information. Triphasil (ethinyl estradiol-levonorgestrel)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  20. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Cyclen (ethinyl estradiol-norgestimate)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  21. (2001) "Product Information. Lo/Ovral (ethinyl estradiol-norgestrel)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  22. "Product Information. Ortho-Novum 1/50 (mestranol-norethindrone)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  23. (2001) "Product Information. Emcyt (estramustine)." Pharmacia and Upjohn
  24. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Est (estropipate)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  25. "Product Information. Ortho Dienestrol (dienestrol topical)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  26. (2001) "Product Information. Ogen (estropipate topical)." Pharmacia and Upjohn
  27. "Product Information. Estinyl (ethinyl estradiol)." Schering Corporation
  28. (2001) "Product Information. Estratab (esterified estrogens)." Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc
  29. (2021) "Product Information. Nextstellis (drospirenone-estetrol)." Mayne Pharma
  30. (2023) "Product Information. Intrarosa (prasterone)." Theramex Australia Pty Ltd, 1
View all 30 references
Major

Estrogens (applies to Intrarosa) carcinomas (estrogenic)

Major Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Neoplasia -- Estrogen Dependent

The use of estrogens is generally contraindicated in patients with known or suspected estrogen-dependent neoplasia such as breast and endometrial cancer, since it may stimulate tumor proliferation. High dosages of estrogens may be used for the palliative treatment of inoperable, metastatic breast cancer, but only in appropriately selected men and postmenopausal women.

References

  1. Ewertz M (1992) "Oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk in Denmark." Eur J Cancer, 28A, p. 1176-81
  2. Obrink A, Bunne G, Collen J, Tjernberg B (1979) "Endometrial cancer and exogenous estrogens." Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 58, p. 123
  3. Palmer JR, Rosenberg L, Clarke EA, Miller DR, Shapiro S (1991) "Breast cancer risk after estrogen replacement therapy: results from the Toronto Breast Cancer Study." Am J Epidemiol, 134, p. 1386-95
  4. Kaufman DW, Palmer JR, de Mouzon J, Rosenberg L, Stolley PD, Warshauer ME, Zauber AG, Shapiro S (1991) "Estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of breast cancer: results from the case-control surveillance study." Am J Epidemiol, 134, p. 1375-85
  5. Spengler RF, Clarke EA, Woolever CA, Newman AM, Osborn RW (1981) "Exogenous estrogens and endometrial cancer: a case-control study and assessment of potential biases." Am J Epidemiol, 114, p. 497-506
  6. Buring JE, Bain CJ, Ehrmann RL (1986) "Conjugated estrogen use and risk of endometrial cancer." Am J Epidemiol, 124, p. 434-41
  7. Persson I, Adami HO, Bergkvist L, Lindgren A, Pettersson B, Hoover R, Schairer C (1989) "Risk of endometrial cancer after treatment with oestrogens alone or in conjunction with progestogens: results of a prospective study." BMJ, 298, p. 147-51
  8. Hoover R, Glass A, Finkle WD, Azevedo D, Milne K (1981) "Conjugated estrogens and breast cancer risk in women." J Natl Cancer Inst, 67, p. 815-20
  9. Thomas DB, Persing JP, Hutchinson WB (1982) "Exogenous estrogens and other risk factors for breast cancer in women with benign breast diseases." J Natl Cancer Inst, 69, p. 1017-25
  10. Antunes CM, Strolley PD, Rosenshein NB, Davies JL, Tonascia JA, Brown C, Burnett L, Rutledge A, Pokempner M, Garcia R (1979) "Endometrial cancer and estrogen use. Report of a large case-control study." N Engl J Med, 300, p. 9-13
  11. Gordon J, Reagan JW, Finkle WD, Ziel HK (1977) "Estrogen and endometrial carcinoma. An independent pathology review supporting original risk estimate." N Engl J Med, 297, p. 570-1
  12. Bergkvist L, Adami HO, Persson I, Hoover R, Schairer C (1989) "The risk of breast cancer after estrogen and estrogen-progestin replacement." N Engl J Med, 321, p. 293-7
  13. Shapiro S, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Kaufman DW, Helmrich SP, Rosenshein NB, Lewis JL Jr, Knapp RC, Stolley PD, Schottenfeld D (1985) "Risk of localized and widespread endometrial cancer in relation to recent and discontinued use of conjugated estrogens." N Engl J Med, 313, p. 969-72
  14. Gray LA Sr, Christopherson WM, Hoover RN (1977) "Estrogens and endometrial carcinoma." Obstet Gynecol, 49, p. 385-9
  15. Delgado-Rodriguez M, Sillero-Arenas M, Martin-Moreno JM, Galvez-Vargas R (1992) "Oral contraceptives and cancer of the cervix uteri. A meta-analysis." Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 71, p. 368-76
  16. Sillero-Arenas M, Rodriguez-Contreras R, Delgado-Rodriguez M, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Galvez-Vargas R (1991) "Patterns of research. Oral contraceptives and cervical cancer." Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 70, p. 143-8
  17. Lund E (1992) "Oral contraceptives and breast cancer. A review with some comments on mathematical models." Acta Oncol, 31, p. 183-6
  18. Miller DR, Rosenberg L, Kaufman DW, Stolley P, Warshauer ME, Shapiro S (1989) "Breast cancer before age 45 and oral contraceptive use: new findings." Am J Epidemiol, 129, p. 269-80
  19. Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Clarke EA, Shapiro S (1992) "A case-control study of the risk of breast cancer in relation to oral contraceptive use." Am J Epidemiol, 136, p. 1437-44
  20. Schlesselman JJ (1990) "Oral contraceptives and breast cancer." Am J Obstet Gynecol, 163, p. 1379-87
  21. Turnquest MA (1993) "Oral contraceptive use and incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia." Am J Obstet Gynecol, 168, p. 1895-6
  22. Kaunitz AM (1992) "Oral contraceptives and gynecologic cancer: an update for the 1990s." Am J Obstet Gynecol, 167, p. 1171-6
  23. Romieu I, Willett WC, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ, Rosner B, Hennekens CH, Speizer FE (1989) "Prospective study of oral contraceptive use and risk of breast cancer in women." J Natl Cancer Inst, 81, p. 1313-21
  24. Olsson H, Moller TR, Ranstam J (1989) "Early oral contraceptive use and breast cancer among premenopausal women: final report from a study in southern Sweden." J Natl Cancer Inst, 81, p. 1000-4
  25. Jones MW, Silverberg SG (1989) "Cervical adenocarcinoma in young women: possible relationship to microglandular hyperplasia and use of oral contraceptives." Obstet Gynecol, 73, p. 984-9
  26. Murray PP, Stadel BV, Schlesselman JJ (1989) "Oral contraceptive use in women with a family history of breast cancer." Obstet Gynecol, 73, p. 977-83
  27. Thomas DB (1991) "Oral contraceptives and breast cancer: review of the epidemiologic literature." Contraception, 43, p. 597-642
  28. Brinton LA (1991) "Oral contraceptives and cervical neoplasia." Contraception, 43, p. 581-95
  29. (1992) "Oral contraceptives and neoplasia. WHO Scientific Group." World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser, 817, p. 1-46
  30. Woodruff JD, Pickar JH (1994) "Incidence of endometrial hyperplasia in postmenopausal women taking conjugated estrogens (Premarin) with medroxyprogesterone acetate or conjugated estrogens alone." Am J Obstet Gynecol, 170, p. 1213-23
  31. Mishell DR (1989) "Contraception." N Engl J Med, 320, p. 777-85
  32. (2001) "Product Information. Premarin (conjugated estrogens)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  33. Lavecchia C, Negri E, Franceschi S, Talamini R, Amadori D, Filiberti R, Conti E, Montella M, Veronesi A, Parazzini F, Ferraroni M (1995) "Oral contraceptives and breast cancer: a cooperative italian study." Int J Cancer, 60, p. 163-7
  34. Colditz GA, Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, et al. (1995) "The use of estrogens and progestins and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women." N Engl J Med, 332, p. 1589-93
  35. Stanford JL, Weiss NS, Voigt LF, Daling JR, Habel LA, Rossing MA (1995) "Combined estrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy in relation to risk of breast cancer in middle-aged women." JAMA, 274, p. 137-42
  36. (2001) "Product Information. Climara (estradiol)." Berlex Laboratories
  37. (2001) "Product Information. Estrace (estradiol)." Warner Chilcott Laboratories
  38. (2001) "Product Information. Estraderm (estradiol)." Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals
  39. (2001) "Product Information. Vivelle (estradiol)." Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals
  40. The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial (1996) "Effects of hormone replacement therapy on endometrial histology in postmenopausal women." JAMA, 275, p. 370-5
  41. Zondervan KT, Carpenter LM, Painter R, Vessey MP (1996) "Oral contraceptives and cervical cancer - further findings from the oxford family planning association contraceptive study." Br J Cancer, 73, p. 1291-7
  42. Calle EE, Heath CW, Miraclemcmahill HL, Coates RJ, Liff JM, Franceschi S, Talamini R, Chantarakul N, Koetsawang S, Rachawat D (1996) "Breast cancer and hormonal contraceptives: further results." Contraception, 54 (suppl, s1-106
  43. Rettig BA, Lemon HM (1996) "Cancers related to contraceptive use." Br J Cancer, 74, p. 1509-10
  44. "Product Information. Ortho-Novum 10/11 (ethinyl estradiol-norethindrone)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  45. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Cept (desogestrel-ethinyl estradiol)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  46. "Product Information. Demulen 1/50 (ethinyl estradiol-ethynodiol)." Searle
  47. (2001) "Product Information. Triphasil (ethinyl estradiol-levonorgestrel)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  48. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Cyclen (ethinyl estradiol-norgestimate)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  49. (2001) "Product Information. Lo/Ovral (ethinyl estradiol-norgestrel)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  50. "Product Information. Ortho-Novum 1/50 (mestranol-norethindrone)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  51. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Est (estropipate)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  52. Greendale GA, Reboussin BA, Sie A, et al. (1999) "Effects of estrogen and estrogen-progestin on mammographic parenchymal density." Ann Intern Med, 130, p. 262-9
  53. Gapstur SM, Morrow M, Sellers TA (1999) "Hormone replacement therapy and risk of breast cancer with a favorable histology: results of the Iowa women's health study." JAMA, 281, p. 2091-7
  54. "Product Information. Ortho Dienestrol (dienestrol topical)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  55. (2001) "Product Information. Ogen (estropipate topical)." Pharmacia and Upjohn
  56. "Product Information. Estinyl (ethinyl estradiol)." Schering Corporation
  57. (2001) "Product Information. Estratab (esterified estrogens)." Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc
  58. (2021) "Product Information. Nextstellis (drospirenone-estetrol)." Mayne Pharma
  59. (2023) "Product Information. Intrarosa (prasterone)." Theramex Australia Pty Ltd, 1
View all 59 references
Major

Estrogens (applies to Intrarosa) thromboembolism/cardiovascular

Major Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Applicable conditions: Migraine, Ischemic Heart Disease, Cerebral Vascular Disorder, Thrombotic/Thromboembolic Disorder, History - Thrombotic/Thromboembolic Disorder

The use of estrogens is considered by manufacturers and some authorities to be contraindicated in patients with active thrombotic or thromboembolic disorders. The use of estrogen-containing oral contraceptives is additionally deemed contraindicated in patients with a history of such disorders and/or current cerebrovascular or coronary artery disease. Females with a history of migraines with aura are at an increased risk for stroke and this stroke risk may be further increased in females who have migraines with aura with use of combination oral contraceptives. Hypercoagulability and changes in various clotting factors and blood components have been observed in women receiving estrogen therapy. Although the clinical significance of these effects is unknown, epidemiological data suggest it may be dose-dependent. The risk is probably slight with the use of newer, low-dose oral contraceptives in the absence of known risk factors (e.g., smoker, particularly over the age of 35; hypertension; hyperlipidemia; obesity; diabetes; age over 40). However, a much more significant risk has been reported with higher dosages, such as those used to treat prostate or metastatic breast cancer or those used in older formulations of birth control pills. Therapy with estrogens should be administered cautiously in the lowest effective dosage and only after careful consideration of risks and benefits. Estrogens should be avoided in patients with a history of thrombotic and thromboembolic disorders associated with estrogen use, except when used in the treatment of breast or prostatic malignancy.

References

  1. Notelovitz M (1985) "Oral contraception and coagulation." Clin Obstet Gynecol, 28, p. 73-83
  2. Meade TW (1982) "Oral contraceptives, clotting factors, and thrombosis." Am J Obstet Gynecol, 142, p. 758-61
  3. Williams RS (1992) "Benefits and risks of oral contraceptive use." Postgrad Med, 92, p. 155-7
  4. Rosenberg L, Slone D, Shapiro S, Kaufman D, Stolley PD, Miettinen OS (1980) "Noncontraceptive estrogens and myocardial infarction in young women." JAMA, 244, p. 339-42
  5. Jick H, Dinan B, Rothman KJ (1978) "Noncontraceptive estrogens and nonfatal myocardial infarction." JAMA, 239, p. 1407-8
  6. Boschetti C, Cortellaro M, Nencioni T, Bertolli V, Della Volpe A, Zanussi C (1991) "Short- and long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy (transdermal estradiol vs oral conjugated equine estrogens, combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate) on blood coagulation factors in postmenopausal women." Thromb Res, 62, p. 1-8
  7. Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, Lesko SM, Shapiro S (1990) "Oral contraceptive use and the risk of myocardial infarction." Am J Epidemiol, 131, p. 1009-16
  8. Thorogood M, Mann J, Murphy M, Vessey M (1992) "Fatal stroke and use of oral contraceptives: findings from a case- control study." Am J Epidemiol, 136, p. 35-45
  9. Leaf DA, Bland D, Schaad D, Neighbor WE, Scott CS (1991) "Oral contraceptive use and coronary risk factors in women." Am J Med Sci, 301, p. 365-8
  10. Thorneycroft IH (1990) "Oral contraceptives and myocardial infarction." Am J Obstet Gynecol, 163, p. 1393-7
  11. Lidegaard O (1993) "Oral contraception and risk of a cerebral thromboembolic attack: results of a case-control study." BMJ, 306, p. 956-63
  12. Derman RJ (1990) "Oral contraceptives and cardiovascular risk. Taking a safe course of action." Postgrad Med, 88, p. 119-22
  13. Hannaford PC, Croft PR, Kay CR (1994) "Oral contraception and stroke. Evidence from the Royal College of General Practitioners' Oral Contraception Study." Stroke, 25, p. 935-42
  14. Steinberg WM (1989) "Oral contraception: risks and benefits." Adv Contracept, 5, p. 219-28
  15. Miwa LJ, Edmunds AL, Shaefer MS, Raynor SC (1989) "Idiopathic thromboembolism associated with triphasic oral contraceptives." DICP, 23, p. 773-5
  16. Beaumont V, Lemort N, Beaumont JL (1991) "Oral contraceptives, sex steroid-induced antibodies and vascular thrombosis: results from 1318 cases." Eur Heart J, 12, p. 1219-24
  17. Key JD, Hammill WW, Everett L (1992) "Pulmonary embolus in an adolescent on oral contraceptives." J Adolesc Health, 13, p. 713-5
  18. Burkman RT Jr (1991) "Benefits and risk of oral contraceptives. A reassessment." J Reprod Med, 36, p. 217-8
  19. Peterson HB, Lee NC (1990) "Long-term health risks and benefits of oral contraceptive use." Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am, 17, p. 775-88
  20. Boston Collaborative Drug Surveilance Program (1974) "Surgically confirmed gallbladder disease, venous thromboembolism, and breast tumors in relation to postmenopausal estrogen therapy." N Engl J Med, 290, p. 15-9
  21. Belchetz PE (1994) "Hormonal treatment of postmenopausal women." N Engl J Med, 330, p. 1062-71
  22. Devor M, Barrett-Connor E, Renvall M, Feigal D, Ramsdell J (1992) "Estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of venous thrombosis." Am J Med, 92, p. 275-81
  23. Barrett-Connor E, Bush TL (1991) "Estrogen and coronary heart disease in women." JAMA, 265, p. 1861-7
  24. Grady D, Rubin SM, Petiti DB, et al. (1992) "Hormone therapy to prevent disease and prolong life in postmenopausal women." Ann Intern Med, 117, p. 1016-36
  25. Barrett-Connor E, Wingard DL, Criqui MH (1989) "Postmenopausal estrogen use and heart disease risk factors in the 1980s. Rancho Bernardo, Calif, revisited." JAMA, 261, p. 1095-2100
  26. Mishell DR (1989) "Contraception." N Engl J Med, 320, p. 777-85
  27. (2001) "Product Information. Premarin (conjugated estrogens)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  28. Schwartz J, Freeman R, Frishman W (1995) "Clinical pharmacology of estrogens: cardiovascular actions and cardioprotective benefits of replacement therapy in postmenopausal women." J Clin Pharmacol, 35, p. 1-16
  29. Lidegaard O (1995) "Oral contraceptives, pregnancy and the risk of cerebral thromboembolism: the influence of diabetes, hypertension, migraine and previous thrombotic disease." Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 102, p. 153-9
  30. The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial (1995) "Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women: the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial." JAMA, 273, p. 199-208
  31. (2001) "Product Information. Climara (estradiol)." Berlex Laboratories
  32. (2001) "Product Information. Estrace (estradiol)." Warner Chilcott Laboratories
  33. (2001) "Product Information. Estraderm (estradiol)." Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals
  34. (2001) "Product Information. Vivelle (estradiol)." Ciba-Geigy Pharmaceuticals
  35. Norris LA, Bonnar J (1996) "The effect of oestrogen dose and progestogen type on haemostatic changes in women taking low dose oral contraceptives." Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 103, p. 261-7
  36. Levine AB, Teppa J, Mcgough B, Cowchock FS (1996) "Evaluation of the prethrombotic state in pregnancy and in women using oral contraceptives." Contraception, 53, p. 255-7
  37. Petitti DB, Sidney S, Bernstein A, Wolf S, Quesenberry C, Ziel HK (1996) "Stroke in users of low-dose oral contraceptives." N Engl J Med, 335, p. 8-15
  38. Speroff L (1996) "Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism." Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 54, p. 45-50
  39. Poulter NR, Chang CL, Farley TMM, Meirik O, Marmot MG, Debertribeiro M, Medina E, Artigas J, Shen H, Zhong YH, Zhang DW, (1996) "Ischaemic stroke and combined oral contraceptives: results of an international, multicentre, case-control study." Lancet, 348, p. 498-505
  40. Poulter NR, Chang CL, Farley TMM, Meirik O, Marmot MG (1996) "Haemorrhagic stroke, overall stroke risk, and combined oral contraceptives: results of an international, multicentre, case-control study." Lancet, 348, p. 505-10
  41. Piegsa K, Guillebaud J (1996) "Oral contraceptives and the risk of DVT." Practitioner, 240, p. 544
  42. Martinelli I, Rosendaal FR, Vandenbroucke JP, Mannucci PM (1996) "Oral contraceptives are a risk factor for cerebral vein thrombosis." Thromb Haemost, 76, p. 477-8
  43. Farley TMM, Meirik O, Poulter NR, Chang CL, Marmot MG (1996) "Oral contraceptives and thrombotic diseases: impact of new epidemiological studies." Contraception, 54, p. 193-5
  44. "Product Information. Ortho-Novum 10/11 (ethinyl estradiol-norethindrone)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  45. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Cept (desogestrel-ethinyl estradiol)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  46. "Product Information. Demulen 1/50 (ethinyl estradiol-ethynodiol)." Searle
  47. (2001) "Product Information. Triphasil (ethinyl estradiol-levonorgestrel)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  48. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Cyclen (ethinyl estradiol-norgestimate)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  49. (2001) "Product Information. Lo/Ovral (ethinyl estradiol-norgestrel)." Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories
  50. "Product Information. Ortho-Novum 1/50 (mestranol-norethindrone)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  51. Sidney S, Petitti DB, Quesenberry CP (1997) "Myocardial infarction and the use of estrogen and estrogen-progestogen in postmenopausal women." Ann Intern Med, 127, p. 501-8
  52. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, Furberg C, Herrington D, Riggs B, Vittinghoff E (1998) "Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women." JAMA, 280, p. 605-13
  53. (2001) "Product Information. Ortho-Est (estropipate)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  54. Petitti DB (1998) "Hormone replacement therapy and heart disease prevention: experimentation trumps observation." JAMA, 280, p. 650-2
  55. Thorogood M (1999) "Risk of stroke in users of oral contraceptives." JAMA, 281, p. 1255-6
  56. Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH (1999) "The protective effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system." N Engl J Med, 340, p. 1801-11
  57. "Product Information. Ortho Dienestrol (dienestrol topical)." Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical
  58. (2001) "Product Information. Ogen (estropipate topical)." Pharmacia and Upjohn
  59. "Product Information. Estinyl (ethinyl estradiol)." Schering Corporation
  60. (2001) "Product Information. Estratab (esterified estrogens)." Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc
  61. (2021) "Product Information. Nextstellis (drospirenone-estetrol)." Mayne Pharma
  62. (2023) "Product Information. Intrarosa (prasterone)." Theramex Australia Pty Ltd, 1
View all 62 references

Intrarosa drug interactions

There are 166 drug interactions with Intrarosa (dehydroepiandrosterone).

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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

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