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Drug Interactions between tramadol and V-Tan DM

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Major

dextromethorphan traMADol

Applies to: V-Tan DM (dextromethorphan / phenylephrine / pyrilamine) and tramadol

MONITOR CLOSELY: Concomitant use of agents with serotonergic activity such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT1 receptor agonists, ergot alkaloids, cyclobenzaprine, lithium, St. John's wort, phenylpiperidine opioids, dextromethorphan, and tryptophan may potentiate the risk of serotonin syndrome, which is a rare but serious and potentially fatal condition thought to result from hyperstimulation of brainstem 5-HT1A and 2A receptors. Symptoms of the serotonin syndrome may include mental status changes such as irritability, altered consciousness, confusion, hallucination, and coma; autonomic dysfunction such as tachycardia, hyperthermia, diaphoresis, shivering, blood pressure lability, and mydriasis; neuromuscular abnormalities such as hyperreflexia, myoclonus, tremor, rigidity, and ataxia; and gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

MANAGEMENT: In general, the concomitant use of multiple serotonergic agents should be avoided if possible, or otherwise approached with caution if potential benefit is deemed to outweigh the risk. Patients should be closely monitored for symptoms of the serotonin syndrome during treatment. Particular caution is advised when increasing the dosages of these agents. The potential risk for serotonin syndrome should be considered even when administering serotonergic agents sequentially, as some agents may demonstrate a prolonged elimination half-life. For example, some experts suggest a 5-week washout period following use of fluoxetine and 3 weeks following the use of vortioxetine before administering another serotonergic agent. Individual product labeling for washout periods should be consulted for current recommendations. If serotonin syndrome develops or is suspected during the course of therapy, all serotonergic agents should be discontinued immediately and supportive care rendered as necessary. Moderately ill patients may also benefit from the administration of a serotonin antagonist (e.g., cyproheptadine, chlorpromazine). Severe cases should be managed under consultation with a toxicologist and may require sedation, neuromuscular paralysis, intubation, and mechanical ventilation in addition to the other measures.

References

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  46. (2001) "Product Information. Zyvox (linezolid)." Pharmacia and Upjohn
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  48. Manos GH (2000) "Possible serotonin syndrome associated with buspirone added to fluoxetine." Ann Pharmacother, 34, p. 871-4
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  50. Laird LK (1996) "Issues in the monopharmacotherapy and polypharmacotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder." Psychopharmacol Bull, 32, p. 569-78
  51. Margolese HC, Chouinard G (2000) "Serotonin syndrome from addition of low-dose trazodone to nefazodone." Am J Psychiatry, 157, p. 1022
  52. Mackay FJ, Dunn NR, Mann RD (1999) "Antidepressants and the serotonin syndrome in general practice." Br J Gen Pract, 49, p. 871-4
  53. Smith DL, Wenegrat BG (2000) "A case report of serotonin syndrome associated with combined nefazodone and fluoxetine." J Clin Psychiatry, 61, p. 146
  54. Rosebraugh CJ, floxkhart DA, Yasuda SU, Woosley RL (2001) "Visual hallucination and tremor induced by sertraline and oxycodone in a bone marrow transplant patient." J Clin Pharmacol, 41, p. 224-7
  55. Izzo AA, Ernst E (2001) "Interactions between herbal medicines and prescribed drugs: a systematic review." Drugs, 61, p. 2163-75
  56. Duggal HS, Fetchko J (2002) "Serotonin syndrome and atypical antipsychotics." Am J Psychiatry, 159, p. 672-3
  57. Wigen CL, Goetz MB (2002) "Serotonin syndrome and linezolid." Clin Infect Dis, 34, p. 1651-2
  58. Hammerness P, Parada H, Abrams A (2002) "Linezolid: MAOI Activity and Potential Drug Interactions." Psychosomatics, 43, p. 248-9
  59. (2002) "Product Information. Lexapro (escitalopram)." Forest Pharmaceuticals
  60. Dougherty JA, Young H, Shafi T (2002) "Serotonin syndrome induced by amitriptyline, meperidine, and venlafaxine." Ann Pharmacother, 36, p. 1647-1648
  61. Turkel SB, Nadala JG, Wincor MZ (2001) "Possible serotonin syndrome in association with 5-HT3 antagonist agents." Psychosomatics, 42, p. 258-60
  62. Martin TG (1996) "Serotonin syndrome." Ann Emerg Med, 28, p. 520-6
  63. Lavery S, Ravi H, McDaniel WW, Pushkin YR (2001) "Linezolid and serotonin syndrome." Psychosomatics, 42, p. 432-4
  64. Lane R, Baldwin D (1997) "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor--induced serotonin syndrome: review." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 17, p. 208-21
  65. Bernard L, Stern R, Lew D, Hoffmeyer P (2003) "Serotonin syndrome after concomitant treatment with linezolid and citalopram." Clin Infect Dis, 36, p. 1197
  66. Dannawi M (2002) "Possible serotonin syndrome after combination of buspirone and St John's Wort." J Psychopharmacol, 16, p. 401
  67. Tissot TA (2003) "Probable meperidine-induced serotonin syndrome in a patient with a history of fluoxetine use." Anesthesiology, 98, p. 1511-1512
  68. Hachem RY, Hicks K, Huen A, Raad I (2003) "Myelosuppression and serotonin syndrome associated with concurrent use of linezolid and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in bone marrow transplant recipients." Clin Infect Dis, 37, E8-E11
  69. Gillman PK (2003) "Linezolid and serotonin toxicity." Clin Infect Dis, 37, p. 1274-5
  70. Roy S, Fortier LP (2003) "Fentanyl-induced rigidity during emergence from general anesthesia potentiated by venlafexine." Can J Anaesth, 50, p. 32-5
  71. Giese SY, Neborsky R (2001) "Serotonin syndrome: potential consequences of Meridia combined with Demerol or fentanyl." Plast Reconstr Surg, 107, p. 293-4
  72. Jones SL, Athan E, O'Brien D (2004) "Serotonin syndrome due to co-administration of linezolid and venlafaxine." J Antimicrob Chemother, 54, p. 289-90
  73. Tahir N (2004) "Serotonin syndrome as a consequence of drug-resistant infections: an interaction between linezolid and citalopram." J Am Med Dir Assoc, 5, p. 111-3
  74. (2004) "Product Information. Cymbalta (duloxetine)." Lilly, Eli and Company
  75. Thomas CR, Rosenberg M, Blythe V, Meyer WJ 3rd (2004) "Serotonin syndrome and linezolid." J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 43, p. 790
  76. Boyer EW, Shannon M (2005) "The serotonin syndrome." N Engl J Med, 352, p. 1112-20
  77. Bergeron L, Boule M, Perreault S (2005) "Serotonin toxicity associated with concomitant use of linezolid." Ann Pharmacother, 39, p. 956-61
  78. Morales N, Vermette H (2005) "Serotonin syndrome associated with linezolid treatment after discontinuation of fluoxetine." Psychosomatics, 46, p. 274-5
  79. Morales-Molina JA, Mateu-de Antonio J, Marin-Casino M, Grau S (2005) "Linezolid-associated serotonin syndrome: what we can learn from cases reported so far." J Antimicrob Chemother, 56, p. 1176-8
  80. DeBellis RJ, Schaefer OP, Liquori M, Volturo GA (2005) "Linezolid-associated serotonin syndrome after concomitant treatment with citalopram and mirtazepine in a critically ill bone marrow transplant recipient." J Intensive Care Med, 20, p. 351-3
  81. Hunter B, Kleinert MM, Osatnik J, Soria E (2006) "Serotonergic syndrome and abnormal ocular movements: worsening of rigidity by remifentanil?" Anesth Analg, 102, p. 1589
  82. Taylor JJ, Wilson JW, Estes LL (2006) "Linezolid and serotonergic drug interactions: a retrospective survey." Clin Infect Dis, 43, p. 180-7
  83. Strouse TB, Kerrihard TN, Forscher CA, Zakowski P (2006) "Serotonin syndrome precipitated by linezolid in a medically ill patient on duloxetine." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 26, p. 681-683
  84. Keegan MT, Brown DR, Rabinstein AA (2006) "Serotonin syndrome from the interaction of cyclobenzaprine with other serotoninergic drugs." Anesth Analg, 103, p. 1466-8
  85. Paruchuri P, Godkar D, Anandacoomarswamy D, Sheth K, Niranjan S (2006) "Rare case of serotonin syndrome with therapeutic doses of paroxetine." Am J Ther, 13, p. 550-552
  86. Steinberg M, Morin AK (2007) "Mild serotonin syndrome associated with concurrent linezolid and fluoxetine." Am J Health Syst Pharm, 64, p. 59-62
  87. Packer S, Berman SA (2007) "Serotonin syndrome precipitated by the monoamine oxidase inhibitor linezolid." Am J Psychiatry, 164, p. 346-7
  88. Shapiro RE, Tepper SJ (2007) "The serotonin syndrome, triptans, and the potential for drug-drug interactions." Headache, 47, p. 266-9
  89. Ailawadhi S, Sung KW, Carlson LA, Baer MR (2007) "Serotonin syndrome caused by interaction between citalopram and fentanyl." J Clin Pharm Ther, 32, p. 199-202
  90. (2008) "Product Information. Pristiq (desvenlafaxine)." Wyeth Laboratories
  91. Rang ST, Field J, Irving C (2008) "Serotonin toxicity caused by an interaction between fentanyl and paroxetine." Can J Anaesth, 55, p. 521-5
  92. (2009) "Product Information. Savella (milnacipran)." Forest Pharmaceuticals
  93. (2009) "Product Information. Nucynta (tapentadol)." PriCara Pharmaceuticals
  94. Lee J, Franz L, Goforth HW (2009) "Serotonin syndrome in a chronic-pain patient receiving concurrent methadone, ciprofloxacin, and venlafaxine." Psychosomatics, 50, p. 638-9
  95. (2011) "Product Information. Viibryd (vilazodone)." Trovis Pharmaceuticals LLC
  96. Mugele J, Nanagas KA, Tormoehlen LM (2012) "Serotonin Syndrome Associated With MDPV Use: A Case Report." Ann Emerg Med
  97. (2012) "Product Information. Oleptro (trazodone)." Labopharm Inc
  98. (2013) "Product Information. Fetzima (levomilnacipran)." Forest Pharmaceuticals
  99. (2013) "Product Information. Brintellix (vortioxetine)." Takeda Pharmaceuticals America
  100. (2023) "Product Information. Exxua (gepirone)." Mission Pharmacal Company, 1
View all 100 references

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Moderate

dextromethorphan pyrilamine

Applies to: V-Tan DM (dextromethorphan / phenylephrine / pyrilamine) and V-Tan DM (dextromethorphan / phenylephrine / pyrilamine)

MONITOR: Central nervous system- and/or respiratory-depressant effects may be additively or synergistically increased in patients taking multiple drugs that cause these effects, especially in elderly or debilitated patients. Sedation and impairment of attention, judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills may increase.

MANAGEMENT: During concomitant use of these drugs, patients should be monitored for potentially excessive or prolonged CNS and respiratory depression. Cautious dosage titration may be required, particularly at treatment initiation. Ambulatory patients should be counseled to avoid hazardous activities requiring mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them, and to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.

References

  1. Hamilton MJ, Bush M, Smith P, Peck AW (1982) "The effects of bupropion, a new antidepressant drug, and diazepam, and their interaction in man." Br J Clin Pharmacol, 14, p. 791-7
  2. Stambaugh JE, Lane C (1983) "Analgesic efficacy and pharmacokinetic evaluation of meperidine and hydroxyzine, alone and in combination." Cancer Invest, 1, p. 111-7
  3. Sotaniemi EA, Anttila M, Rautio A, et al. (1981) "Propranolol and sotalol metabolism after a drinking party." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 29, p. 705-10
  4. Grabowski BS, Cady WJ, Young WW, Emery JF (1980) "Effects of acute alcohol administration on propranolol absorption." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol, 18, p. 317-9
  5. Lemberger L, Rowe H, Bosomworth JC, Tenbarge JB, Bergstrom RF (1988) "The effect of fluoxetine on the pharmacokinetics and psychomotor responses of diazepam." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 43, p. 412-9
  6. MacLeod SM, Giles HG, Patzalek G, Thiessen JJ, Sellers EM (1977) "Diazepam actions and plasma concentrations following ethanol ingestion." Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 11, p. 345-9
  7. Divoll M, Greenblatt DJ, Lacasse Y, Shader RI (1981) "Benzodiazepine overdosage: plasma concentrations and clinical outcome." Psychopharmacology (Berl), 73, p. 381-3
  8. Naylor GJ, McHarg A (1977) "Profound hypothermia on combined lithium carbonate and diazepam treatment." Br Med J, 2, p. 22
  9. Stovner J, Endresen R (1965) "Intravenous anaesthesia with diazepam." Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 24, p. 223-7
  10. Driessen JJ, Vree TB, Booij LH, van der Pol FM, Crul JF (1984) "Effect of some benzodiazepines on peripheral neuromuscular function in the rat in-vitro hemidiaphragm preparation." J Pharm Pharmacol, 36, p. 244-7
  11. Feldman SA, Crawley BE (1970) "Interaction of diazepam with the muscle-relaxant drugs." Br Med J, 1, p. 336-8
  12. Ochs HR, Greenblatt DJ, Verburg-Ochs B (1984) "Propranolol interactions with diazepam, lorazepam and alprazolam." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 36, p. 451-5
  13. Desager JP, Hulhoven R, Harvengt C, Hermann P, Guillet P, Thiercelin JF (1988) "Possible interactions between zolpidem, a new sleep inducer and chlorpromazine, a phenothiazine neuroleptic." Psychopharmacology (Berl), 96, p. 63-6
  14. Tverskoy M, Fleyshman G, Ezry J, Bradley EL, Jr Kissin I (1989) "Midazolam-morphine sedative interaction in patients." Anesth Analg, 68, p. 282-5
  15. "Product Information. Iopidine (apraclonidine ophthalmic)." Alcon Laboratories Inc
  16. Greiff JMC, Rowbotham D (1994) "Pharmacokinetic drug interactions with gastrointestinal motility modifying agents." Clin Pharmacokinet, 27, p. 447-61
  17. Greb WH, Buscher G, Dierdorf HD, Koster FE, Wolf D, Mellows G (1989) "The effect of liver enzyme inhibition by cimetidine and enzyme induction by phenobarbitone on the pharmacokinetics of paroxetine." Acta Psychiatr Scand, 80 Suppl, p. 95-8
  18. Markowitz JS, Wells BG, Carson WH (1995) "Interactions between antipsychotic and antihypertensive drugs." Ann Pharmacother, 29, p. 603-9
  19. (2001) "Product Information. Ultram (tramadol)." McNeil Pharmaceutical
  20. (2001) "Product Information. Artane (trihexyphenidyl)." Lederle Laboratories
  21. (2001) "Product Information. Ultiva (remifentanil)." Mylan Institutional (formally Bioniche Pharma USA Inc)
  22. (2001) "Product Information. Seroquel (quetiapine)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals
  23. (2001) "Product Information. Meridia (sibutramine)." Knoll Pharmaceutical Company
  24. (2001) "Product Information. Tasmar (tolcapone)." Valeant Pharmaceuticals
  25. Miller LG (1998) "Herbal medicinals: selected clinical considerations focusing on known or potential drug-herb interactions." Arch Intern Med, 158, p. 2200-11
  26. (2001) "Product Information. Precedex (dexmedetomidine)." Abbott Pharmaceutical
  27. (2001) "Product Information. Trileptal (oxcarbazepine)." Novartis Pharmaceuticals
  28. Ferslew KE, Hagardorn AN, McCormick WF (1990) "A fatal interaction of methocarbamol and ethanol in an accidental poisoning." J Forensic Sci, 35, p. 477-82
  29. Plushner SL (2000) "Valerian: valeriana officinalis." Am J Health Syst Pharm, 57, p. 328-35
  30. (2002) "Product Information. Xatral (alfuzosin)." Sanofi-Synthelabo Canada Inc
  31. (2002) "Product Information. Lexapro (escitalopram)." Forest Pharmaceuticals
  32. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."
  33. Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information."
  34. (2012) "Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel)." Eisai Inc
  35. (2014) "Product Information. Belsomra (suvorexant)." Merck & Co., Inc
  36. (2015) "Product Information. Rexulti (brexpiprazole)." Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc
View all 36 references

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Moderate

pyrilamine traMADol

Applies to: V-Tan DM (dextromethorphan / phenylephrine / pyrilamine) and tramadol

MONITOR: Coadministration of opioids with anticholinergic agents may result in additive central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal, and genitourinary effects. The risk and/or severity of adverse effects such as sedation, dizziness, confusion, cognitive and psychomotor impairment, dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention may increase. Severe constipation may lead to paralytic ileus in some cases.

MANAGEMENT: Caution and close monitoring of central nervous system, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary adverse effects are recommended when opioids are used with anticholinergic agents. Ambulatory patients should be counseled to avoid hazardous activities requiring mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them, and to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.

References

  1. (2002) "Product Information. Demerol (meperidine)." Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals
  2. (2002) "Product Information. Dolophine (methadone)." Lilly, Eli and Company
  3. (2001) "Product Information. Tylenol with Codeine (acetaminophen-codeine)." Janssen Pharmaceuticals
  4. "Product Information. Duragesic Transdermal System (fentanyl)." Janssen Pharmaceutica, Titusville, NJ.
  5. (2001) "Product Information. Ultram (tramadol)." McNeil Pharmaceutical
  6. (2001) "Product Information. OxyContin (oxycodone)." Purdue Frederick Company
  7. (2001) "Product Information. Kadian (morphine)." Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals
  8. (2004) "Product Information. DepoDur (morphine liposomal)." Endo Laboratories LLC
  9. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."
  10. (2006) "Product Information. Opana (oxymorphone)." Endo Laboratories LLC
  11. (2009) "Product Information. Nucynta (tapentadol)." PriCara Pharmaceuticals
  12. (2010) "Product Information. Exalgo (hydromorphone)." Covidien
  13. (2016) "Product Information. Belbuca (buprenorphine)." Endo Pharmaceuticals Solutions Inc
  14. (2017) "Product Information. Alfentanil Hydrochloride (alfentanil)." Akorn Inc
  15. (2017) "Product Information. SUFentanil Citrate (sufentanil)." Akorn Inc
  16. (2017) "Product Information. Lortab (acetaminophen-hydrocodone)." Akorn Inc
  17. (2017) "Product Information. Levorphanol Tartrate (levorphanol)." Sentynl Therapeutics
  18. (2018) "Product Information. Naloxone HCl-Pentazocine HCl (naloxone-pentazocine)." Actavis U.S. (Amide Pharmaceutical Inc)
  19. (2018) "Product Information. Apadaz (acetaminophen-benzhydrocodone)." KemPharm, Inc
View all 19 references

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Drug and food interactions

Moderate

dextromethorphan food

Applies to: V-Tan DM (dextromethorphan / phenylephrine / pyrilamine)

GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of CNS-active agents. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.

MANAGEMENT: Patients receiving CNS-active agents should be warned of this interaction and advised to avoid or limit consumption of alcohol. Ambulatory patients should be counseled to avoid hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them, and to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.

References

  1. Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P (1986) "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology, 15, p. 31-7
  2. Gilman AG, eds., Nies AS, Rall TW, Taylor P (1990) "Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics." New York, NY: Pergamon Press Inc.
  3. (2012) "Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel)." Eisai Inc
  4. (2015) "Product Information. Rexulti (brexpiprazole)." Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc
View all 4 references

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Moderate

pyrilamine food

Applies to: V-Tan DM (dextromethorphan / phenylephrine / pyrilamine)

GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of CNS-active agents. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.

MANAGEMENT: Patients receiving CNS-active agents should be warned of this interaction and advised to avoid or limit consumption of alcohol. Ambulatory patients should be counseled to avoid hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them, and to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.

References

  1. Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P (1986) "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology, 15, p. 31-7
  2. Gilman AG, eds., Nies AS, Rall TW, Taylor P (1990) "Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics." New York, NY: Pergamon Press Inc.
  3. (2012) "Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel)." Eisai Inc
  4. (2015) "Product Information. Rexulti (brexpiprazole)." Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc
View all 4 references

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Moderate

traMADol food

Applies to: tramadol

GENERALLY AVOID: Alcohol may potentiate some of the pharmacologic effects of CNS-active agents. Use in combination may result in additive central nervous system depression and/or impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.

MANAGEMENT: Patients receiving CNS-active agents should be warned of this interaction and advised to avoid or limit consumption of alcohol. Ambulatory patients should be counseled to avoid hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness and motor coordination until they know how these agents affect them, and to notify their physician if they experience excessive or prolonged CNS effects that interfere with their normal activities.

References

  1. Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P (1986) "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology, 15, p. 31-7
  2. Gilman AG, eds., Nies AS, Rall TW, Taylor P (1990) "Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics." New York, NY: Pergamon Press Inc.
  3. (2012) "Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel)." Eisai Inc
  4. (2015) "Product Information. Rexulti (brexpiprazole)." Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc
View all 4 references

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Moderate

phenylephrine food

Applies to: V-Tan DM (dextromethorphan / phenylephrine / pyrilamine)

MONITOR: Coadministration of two or more sympathomimetic agents may increase the risk of adverse effects such as nervousness, irritability, and increased heart rate. Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, particularly amphetamines, can potentiate the adrenergic response to vasopressors and other sympathomimetic agents. Additive increases in blood pressure and heart rate may occur due to enhanced peripheral sympathetic activity.

MANAGEMENT: Caution is advised if two or more sympathomimetic agents are coadministered. Pulse and blood pressure should be closely monitored.

References

  1. Rosenblatt JE, Lake CR, van Kammen DP, Ziegler MG, Bunney WE Jr (1979) "Interactions of amphetamine, pimozide, and lithium on plasma norepineophrine and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in schizophrenic patients." Psychiatry Res, 1, p. 45-52
  2. Cavanaugh JH, Griffith JD, Oates JA (1970) "Effect of amphetamine on the pressor response to tyramine: formation of p-hydroxynorephedrine from amphetamine in man." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 11, p. 656
  3. (2001) "Product Information. Adderall (amphetamine-dextroamphetamine)." Shire Richwood Pharmaceutical Company Inc
  4. (2001) "Product Information. Tenuate (diethylpropion)." Aventis Pharmaceuticals
  5. (2001) "Product Information. Sanorex (mazindol)." Novartis Pharmaceuticals
  6. (2001) "Product Information. Focalin (dexmethylphenidate)." Mikart Inc
  7. (2002) "Product Information. Strattera (atomoxetine)." Lilly, Eli and Company
View all 7 references

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Therapeutic duplication warnings

No warnings were found for your selected drugs.

Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.


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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.