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Morphine Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings

Morphine is also known as: Astramorph PF, Avinza, Doloral, Doloral Sirop, Duramorph, Duramorph PF, Infumorph, Kadian, M-Eslon, MS Contin, MS/S, MSIR, Morphine LP Epidural, Morphine Rapi-Ject, Morphine Sulfate ER, Morphine Sulfate IR, Morphine Sulfate SR, OMS, Oramorph SR, RMS, Rescudose, Roxanol, Roxanol 100, Roxanol-T, Statex

Morphine Pregnancy Warnings

Morphine has been assigned to pregnancy category C by the FDA. No increased risk of congenital malformations in humans has been associated with use of morphine in pregnancy. There are no controlled data in human pregnancy. Morphine should only be given during pregnancy when benefit outweighs risk.

Chronic use of morphine in later pregnancy has been associated with neonatal withdrawal. Neonatal withdrawal syndrome presents as irritability, hyperactivity and abnormal sleep pattern, abnormal crying, tremor, vomiting diarrhea and subsequent weight loss or failure to gain weight, and may result in death. The onset, duration and severity of neonatal withdrawal syndrome varies based on the drug used, duration of use, dose of last maternal use, and rate of elimination by the newborn. Neonatal respiratory depression is possible when morphine is used in labor. Equipment for neonatal resuscitation should be available if morphine must be used in labor.

Morphine Breastfeeding Warnings

Morphine is excreted into human milk in trace amounts. Adverse effects in the nursing infant are unlikely. Morphine is considered compatible with breast-feeding by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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