Drug Interactions between selpercatinib and Sinus & Cold D

GENERALLY AVOID: Grapefruit juice may increase the plasma concentrations of selpercatinib. The proposed mechanism is inhibition of CYP450 3A4-mediated first-pass metabolism in the gut wall by certain compounds present in grapefruit. Inhibition of hepatic CYP450 3A4 may also contribute. The interaction has not been studied with grapefruit juice, but has been reported for other CYP450 3A4 inhibitors. When selpercatinib was coadministered with multiple doses of itraconazole, a potent CYP450 3A4 inhibitor, selpercatinib peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and systemic exposure (AUC) increased by 30% and 133%, respectively. Based on pharmacokinetic modeling, administration of selpercatinib with multiple doses of the moderate CYP450 3A4 inhibitors diltiazem, fluconazole, or verapamil is predicted to increase selpercatinib Cmax by 46% to 76% and AUC by 60% to 99%. In general, the effect of grapefruit juice is concentration-, dose- and preparation-dependent, and can vary widely among brands. Certain preparations of grapefruit juice (e.g., high dose, double strength) have sometimes demonstrated potent inhibition of CYP450 3A4, while other preparations (e.g., low dose, single strength) have typically demonstrated moderate inhibition. Increased exposure to selpercatinib may increase the risk of serious adverse effects such as QT interval prolongation, liver transaminase and bilirubin elevations, hypertension, hemorrhage, edema, and hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., fever, rash, arthralgias/myalgias with concurrent decreased platelets or transaminitis).

MANAGEMENT: Patients should limit or avoid consumption of grapefruit and grapefruit juice during treatment with selpercatinib.

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GENERALLY AVOID: The concurrent use of aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and ethanol may lead to gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss. The mechanism may be due to a combined local effect as well as inhibition of prostaglandins leading to decreased integrity of the GI lining.

MANAGEMENT: Patients should be counseled on this potential interaction and advised to refrain from alcohol consumption while taking aspirin or NSAIDs.

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MONITOR: Coadministration of two or more sympathomimetic agents may increase the risk of adverse effects such as nervousness, irritability, and increased heart rate. Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, particularly amphetamines, can potentiate the adrenergic response to vasopressors and other sympathomimetic agents. Additive increases in blood pressure and heart rate may occur due to enhanced peripheral sympathetic activity.

MANAGEMENT: Caution is advised if two or more sympathomimetic agents are coadministered. Pulse and blood pressure should be closely monitored.

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