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Drug Interactions between Mellaril and perphenazine

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Interactions between your drugs

Major

thioridazine perphenazine

Applies to: Mellaril (thioridazine) and perphenazine

CONTRAINDICATED: Coadministration of thioridazine with another phenothiazine or a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) may result in elevated plasma concentrations of both drugs. Most phenothiazines and TCAs have been found to undergo metabolism by CYP450 2D6, thus competitive inhibition of the enzyme may occur when more than one of these agents are administered. The possibility of an increased risk of serious adverse effects such as central nervous system depression, hypotension, and arrhythmia should be considered. In addition, these agents individually can cause prolongation of the QT interval, thus concomitant administration may result in elevated risk of ventricular arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia and torsade de pointes.

MANAGEMENT: The use of thioridazine with drugs that can inhibit CYP450 2D6 and/or prolong the QT interval is considered contraindicated.

References

  1. Loga S, Curry S, Lader M (1981) "Interaction of chlorpromazine and nortriptyline in patients with schizophrenia." Clin Pharmacokinet, 6, p. 454-62
  2. Veith RC, Bloom V, Bielski R, Friedel RO (1982) "ECG effects of comparable plasma concentrations of desipramine and amitriptyline." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 2, p. 394-8
  3. Christensen P, Thomsen HY, Pedersen OL, et al. (1985) "Cardiovascular effects of amitriptyline in the treatment of elderly depressed patients." Psychopharmacology (Berl), 87, p. 212-5
  4. Rudorfer MV, Young RC (1980) "Desipramine: cardiovascular effects and plasma levels." Am J Psychiatry, 137, p. 984-6
  5. Nelson JC, Jatlow PI, Bock J, Quinlan DM, Bowes MB (1982) "Major adverse reactions during desipramine treatment." Arch Gen Psychiatry, 39, p. 1055-61
  6. Carpenter P, Gobel FL, Hulsing DJ (1982) "Desipramine cardiac toxicity." Minn Med, 65, p. 231-4
  7. Brosen K, Zeugin T, Meyer UA (1991) "Role of P450IID6, the target of the sparteine-debrisoquin oxidation polymorphism, in the metabolism of imipramine." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 49, p. 609-17
  8. Luchins DJ (1983) "Review of clinical and animal studies comparing the cardiovascular effects of doxepin and other tricyclic antidepressants." Am J Psychiatry, 140, p. 1006-9
  9. Burrows GD, Vohra J, Hunt D, Sloman JG, Scoggins BA, Davies B (1976) "Cardiac effects of different tricyclic antidepressant drugs." Br J Psychiatry, 129, p. 335-41
  10. Linnoila M, Jobson KO, Gilliam JH, Paine RL (1982) "Effects of doxepin on blood pressure and heart rate in patients with primary major affective disorder ." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 2, p. 433-4
  11. Strasberg B, Coelho A, Welch W, Swiryn S, Bauernfeind R, Rosen K (1982) "Doxepin induced torsade de pointes." Pacing Clin Electrophysiol, 5, p. 873-7
  12. Bock JL, Nelson JC, Gray S, Jatlow PI (1983) "Desipramine hydroxylation: variability and effect of antipsychotic drugs." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 33, p. 322-8
  13. Gram LF, Overo KF (1972) "Drug interaction: inhibitory effect of neuroleptics on metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants in man." Br Med J, 1, p. 463-5
  14. El-Yousef MK, Manier DH (1974) "Tricyclic antidepressants and phenothiazines." JAMA, 229, p. 1419
  15. Hirschowitz J, Bennett JA, Zemlan FP, Garver DL (1983) "Thioridazine effect on desipramine plasma levels." J Clin Psychopharmacol, 3, p. 376-9
  16. Vandel S, Sandoz M, Vandel B, Bonin B, Allers G, Volmat R (1986) "Biotransformation of amitriptyline in man: interaction with phenothiazines." Neuropsychobiology, 15, p. 15-9
  17. Kantor SJ, Glassman AH, Bigger JT, Jr Perel JM, Giardina EV (1978) "The cardiac effects of therapeutic plasma concentrations of imipramine." Am J Psychiatry, 135, p. 534-8
  18. Ramanathan KB, Davidson C (1975) "Cardiac arrhythmia and imipramine therapy." Br Med J, 1, p. 661-2
  19. Bluhm RE, Wilkinson GR, Shelton R, Branch RA (1993) "Genetically determined drug-metabolizing activity and desipramine- associated cardiotoxicity: a case report." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 53, p. 89-95
  20. Van Sweden B (1988) "Rebound antidepressant cardiac arrhythmia." Biol Psychiatry, 24, p. 363-4
  21. Faravelli C, Brat A, Marchetti G, Franchi F, Padeletti L, Michelucci A, Pastorino A (1983) "Cardiac effects of clomipramine treatment. ECG and left ventricular systolic time intervals." Neuropsychobiology, 9, p. 113-8
  22. Fletcher GF, Kazamias TM (1969) "Cardiotoxic effects of Mellaril: conduction disturbances and supraventricular arrhythmias." Am Heart J, 78, p. 135-8
  23. Kumar BB (1975) "Letter: Acute hypotension from thioridazine." JAMA, 234, p. 1321
  24. Siris SG, Cooper TB, Rifkin AE, Brenner R, Lieberman JA (1982) "Plasma imipramine concentrations in patients receiving concomitant fluphenazine decanoate." Am J Psychiatry, 139, p. 104-6
  25. (2001) "Product Information. Mellaril (thioridazine)." Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation
  26. Hartigan-Go K, Bateman DN, Nyberg G, Martensson E, Thomas SHL (1996) "Concentration-related pharmacodynamic effects of thioridazine and its metabolites in humans." Clin Pharmacol Ther, 60, p. 543-53
  27. Maynard GL, Soni P (1996) "Thioridazine interferences with imipramine metabolism and measurement." Ther Drug Monit, 18, p. 729-31
  28. Glassman AH, Bigger JT Jr (2001) "Antipsychotic drugs: prolonged QTc interval, torsade de pointes, and sudden death." Am J Psychiatry, 158, p. 1774-82
View all 28 references

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Drug and food interactions

Moderate

thioridazine food

Applies to: Mellaril (thioridazine)

GENERALLY AVOID: Concurrent use of ethanol and phenothiazines may result in additive CNS depression and psychomotor impairment. Also, ethanol may precipitate dystonic reactions in patients who are taking phenothiazines. The two drugs probably act on different sites in the brain, although the exact mechanism of the interaction is not known.

MANAGEMENT: Patients should be advised to avoid alcohol during phenothiazine therapy.

References

  1. Lutz EG (1976) "Neuroleptic-induced akathisia and dystonia triggered by alcohol." JAMA, 236, p. 2422-3
  2. Freed E (1981) "Alcohol-triggered-neuroleptic-induced tremor, rigidity and dystonia." Med J Aust, 2, p. 44-5

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Moderate

perphenazine food

Applies to: perphenazine

GENERALLY AVOID: Concurrent use of ethanol and phenothiazines may result in additive CNS depression and psychomotor impairment. Also, ethanol may precipitate dystonic reactions in patients who are taking phenothiazines. The two drugs probably act on different sites in the brain, although the exact mechanism of the interaction is not known.

MANAGEMENT: Patients should be advised to avoid alcohol during phenothiazine therapy.

References

  1. Lutz EG (1976) "Neuroleptic-induced akathisia and dystonia triggered by alcohol." JAMA, 236, p. 2422-3
  2. Freed E (1981) "Alcohol-triggered-neuroleptic-induced tremor, rigidity and dystonia." Med J Aust, 2, p. 44-5

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Therapeutic duplication warnings

Therapeutic duplication is the use of more than one medicine from the same drug category or therapeutic class to treat the same condition. This can be intentional in cases where drugs with similar actions are used together for demonstrated therapeutic benefit. It can also be unintentional in cases where a patient has been treated by more than one doctor, or had prescriptions filled at more than one pharmacy, and can have potentially adverse consequences.

Duplication

Antipsychotics

Therapeutic duplication

The recommended maximum number of medicines in the 'antipsychotics' category to be taken concurrently is usually one. Your list includes two medicines belonging to the 'antipsychotics' category:

  • Mellaril (thioridazine)
  • perphenazine

Note: In certain circumstances, the benefits of taking this combination of drugs may outweigh any risks. Always consult your healthcare provider before making changes to your medications or dosage.

See also

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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

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