Potassium phosphate Disease Interactions

The use of phosphates is in general contraindicated in conditions where high potassium, high phosphate, or low calcium may be encountered such as hypoparathyroidism, osteomalacia, acute pancreatitis, or chronic renal disease.

Potassium phosphate injections contains aluminum that may be toxic. Aluminum may reach toxic levels with prolonged parenteral administration in patients with renal impairment. Preterm infants are particularly at risk for aluminum toxicity because their kidneys are immature, and they require large amounts of calcium and phosphate solutions, which also contain aluminum. Patients with renal impairment, including preterm infants, who receive greater than 4 to 5 mcg/kg/day of parenteral aluminum can accumulate aluminum to levels associated with central nervous system and bone toxicity. Potassium phosphate injection for parenteral nutrition is not recommended in adults weighing less than 45 kg or pediatric patients less than 12 years of age or weighing less than 40 kg due to the risks of aluminum toxicity.

Potassium phosphate injection may increase the risk of hyperkalemia. Patients with cardiac disease may be more susceptible to the effects of hyperkalemia. Caution is advised when using potassium phosphates in patients with heart disease. Continuous electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring is recommended for higher infusion rates of potassium.

Intravenous infusion of phosphate has been reported to cause a decrease in serum magnesium (and calcium) concentrations when administered to patients with hypercalcemia and diabetic ketoacidosis. Monitor serum magnesium concentrations during treatment. Caution is advised in patients with magnesium imbalances.