New FDA Rules will help Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women Understand their Medication Options

Which prescription medicines are safe to take if you are pregnant or breastfeeding?

You may wonder which prescription medicines are safe to take. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) created rules for drug manufacturers on what they should tell doctors and pharmacists about the risks of certain medications to pregnant or nursing mothers.

The FDA decided to phase out in 2015, letter-based categories (formerly called A, B, C, D, and X) that show risk. FDA officials believed the categories were confusing and unclear about the risks of a drug to pregnant and breastfeeding females and in females and males who wish to have children.

Now, information on prescription drug labeling is organized into three categories: pregnancy (including labor and delivery), lactation (including nursing mothers), and females and males of reproductive age.

Medication information for women who are pregnant

The medication information for women who are pregnant will describe any known risks of birth defects or miscarriage. Your doctor will consider this information before prescribing this medication for you.

Your doctor or pharmacist may also see a reference to a “Pregnancy Exposure Registry,” which is a study that collects health information from women who take medications while pregnant. A list of existing registries can be found on the FDA's Office of Women's Health website. This collection of information tracks any problems with medications prescribed to pregnant or breastfeeding mothers and helps to improve a medication's safety information.

Medication information for mothers who are breastfeeding

The medication information for mothers who are breastfeeding describes the amount of a drug in breast milk and any possible effects on the breastfed infant. Some medicines cannot be used during breastfeeding.

Medication information and reproductive age

The medication information for females and males of reproductive age applies to women of child-bearing age and their partners. This section includes information such as whether you should take a pregnancy test or not get pregnant before, during, or after taking the medication. It also will provide any known information about whether the medicine might affect your ability to get pregnant.

All new prescription drugs submitted by the manufacturer for FDA approval since June 30th, 2015, have had to include information in this format. These changes do not apply to non-prescription medicines.

This way of providing medication risk information helps you and your doctor or pharmacist to decide what is best for you and your child.