S6. Stimulants

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances except those in S6.A, which are non-Specified Substances.

Substances of Abuse in this section: cocaine and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA / “ecstasy”).

All stimulants, including all optical isomers, e.g. d- and l- where relevant, are prohibited. 

Stimulants include:

S6.a: Non-specified Stimulants

• Adrafinil
• Amfepramone
• Amfetamine
• Amfetaminil
• Amiphenazole
• Benfluorex
• Benzylpiperazine
• Bromantan
• Clobenzorex
• Cocaine
• Cropropamide
• Crotetamide
• Fencamine
• Fenetylline
• Fenfluramine
• Fenproporex
• Fonturacetam [4-phenylpiracetam (carphedon)]
• Furfenorex
• Lisdexamfetamine
• Mefenorex
• Mephentermine
• Mesocarb
• Metamfetamine(d-)
• p-methylamfetamine
• Modafinil
• Norfenfluramine
• Phendimetrazine
• Phentermine
• Prenylamine
• Prolintane

A stimulant not expressly listed in this section is a Specified Substance.

S6.b: Specified Stimulants

Including, but not limited to:

• 2-phenylpropan-1-amine (ß-methylphenylethylamine, BMPEA)
• 3-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,2-dimethylpentylamine)
• 4-Fluoromethylphenidate
• 4-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,3-dimethylamylamine, 1,3 DMAA, methylhexaneamine)
• 4-Methylpentan-2-amine (1,3-dimethylbutylamine)
• 5-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,4-dimethylamylamine, 1,4-dimethylpentylamine, 1,4-DMAA)
• Benzfetamine
• Cathine**
• Cathinone and its analogues, e.g. mephedrone, methedrone, and α - pyrrolidinovalerophenone
• Dimetamfetamine (dimethylamphetamine)
• Ephedrine***
• Epinephrine**** (adrenaline)
• Etamivan
• Ethylphenidate
• Etilamfetamine
• Etilefrine
• Famprofazone
• Fenbutrazate
• Fencamfamin
• Heptaminol
• Hydrafinil (fluorenol)
• Hydroxyamfetamine (parahydroxyamphetamine)
• Isometheptene
• Levmetamfetamine
• Meclofenoxate
• Methylenedioxymetham- phetamine
• Methylephedrine***
• Methylnaphthidate [((±)-methyl-2-(naphthalen-2-yl)-2-(piperidin-2-yl)acetate]
• Methylphenidate
• Nikethamide
• Norfenefrine
• Octodrine (1,5-dimethylhex- ylamine)
• Octopamine
• Oxilofrine (methylsynephrine)
• Pemoline
• Pentetrazol
• Phenethylamine and its derivatives
• Phenmetrazine
• Phenpromethamine
• Propylhexedrine
• Pseudoephedrine*****
• Selegiline
• Sibutramine
• Solriamfetol
• Strychnine
• Tenamfetamine (methylenedioxyamphet- amine)
• Tuaminoheptane

and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).

Exceptions

• Clonidine
• Imidazole derivatives for dermatological, nasal, ophthalmic or otic use (e.g. brimonidine, clonazoline, fenoxazoline, indanazoline, naphazoline, oxymetazoline, tetryzoline, tramazoline, xylometazoline) and those stimulants included in the 2023 Monitoring Program*

 * Bupropion, caffeine, nicotine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pipradrol, and synephrine: These substances are included in the 2024 Monitoring Program and are not considered Prohibited Substances.
** Cathine (d-norpseudoephedrine) and its l-isomer: Prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 5 micrograms per millilitre.
*** Ephedrine and methylephedrine: Prohibited when the concentration of either in urine is greater than 10 micrograms per millilitre.
**** Epinephrine (adrenaline): Not prohibited in local administration, e.g. nasal, ophthalmologic, or co-administration with local anaesthetic
agents.
***** Pseudoephedrine: Prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 150 micrograms per millilitre.