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Drug Interactions between 5-hydroxytryptophan / melatonin / pyridoxine and pirtobrutinib

This report displays the potential drug interactions for the following 2 drugs:

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Interactions between your drugs

Moderate

melatonin pirtobrutinib

Applies to: 5-hydroxytryptophan / melatonin / pyridoxine and pirtobrutinib

MONITOR: Coadministration with pirtobrutinib may increase the plasma concentrations of drugs that are substrates of CYP450 2C8, 2C19, 3A4, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and/or breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and systemic exposure (AUC) of repaglinide, a CYP450 2C8 substrate, increased by 98% and 130%, respectively, and the Cmax and AUC of omeprazole, a CYP450 2C19 substrate, increased by 49% and 56%, respectively, when administered with pirtobrutinib. The Cmax and AUC of oral midazolam, a CYP450 3A4 substrate, increased by 58% and 70%, respectively, while exposure to IV midazolam was not significantly affected, when administered with pirtobrutinib. The Cmax and AUC of digoxin, a P-gp substrate, increased by 51% and 17%, respectively, when administered with a single pirtobrutinib dose (200 mg), and 55% and 35%, respectively, when administered with multiple pirtobrutinib doses (200 mg daily). The Cmax and AUC of rosuvastatin, a BCRP substrate, increased by 146% and 140%, respectively, when administered with pirtobrutinib. The risk of adverse reactions related to these substrates may be increased.

MANAGEMENT: Caution is advised if pirtobrutinib is used concomitantly with substrates of CYP450 2C8, 2C19, 3A4, P-gp, and/or BCRP, particularly sensitive substrates or those with a narrow therapeutic range. The prescribing information for concomitant medications should be consulted to assess the benefits versus risks of coadministration and for any dosage adjustments that may be required.

References

  1. (2023) "Product Information. Jaypirca (pirtobrutinib)." Lilly, Eli and Company

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Drug and food interactions

Major

pirtobrutinib food

Applies to: pirtobrutinib

GENERALLY AVOID: Grapefruit juice may increase the plasma concentrations of pirtobrutinib, which is primarily metabolized by CYP450 3A4. The proposed mechanism is inhibition of CYP450 3A4-mediated first-pass metabolism in the gut wall by certain compounds present in grapefruit. Inhibition of hepatic CYP450 3A4 may also contribute. The interaction has not been studied with grapefruit juice but has been reported for other CYP450 3A4 inhibitors. When pirtobrutinib (200 mg single dose) was administered with itraconazole, a potent CYP450 3A4 inhibitor, pirtobrutinib systemic exposure (AUC) increased by 49%. Concomitant use of diltiazem or verapamil, moderate CYP450 3A4 inhibitors, is predicted to increase pirtobrutinib AUC by 20% and 30%, respectively. In general, the effect of grapefruit juice is concentration-, dose- and preparation-dependent, and can vary widely among brands. Certain preparations of grapefruit juice (e.g., high dose, double strength) have sometimes demonstrated potent inhibition of CYP450 3A4, while other preparations (e.g., low dose, single strength) have typically demonstrated moderate inhibition. Increased exposure to pirtobrutinib may increase the risk of infection, bruising, bleeding, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, edema, and dyspnea.

MANAGEMENT: It may be advisable for patients to avoid consumption of grapefruit, grapefruit juice, or supplements that contain grapefruit during treatment with pirtobrutinib.

References

  1. (2023) "Product Information. Jaypirca (pirtobrutinib)." Lilly, Eli and Company

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Moderate

melatonin food

Applies to: 5-hydroxytryptophan / melatonin / pyridoxine

MONITOR: Oral caffeine may significantly increase the bioavailability of melatonin. The proposed mechanism is inhibition of CYP450 1A2 first-pass metabolism. After administration of melatonin 6 mg and caffeine 200 mg orally (approximately equivalent to 1 large cup of coffee) to 12 healthy subjects, the mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of melatonin increased by 137% and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) increased by 120%. The metabolic inhibition was greater in nonsmokers (n=6) than in smokers (n=6). The greatest effect was seen in subjects with the *1F/*1F genotype (n=7), whose melatonin Cmax increased by 202%. The half-life did not change significantly. The clinical significance of this interaction is unknown.

According to some authorities, alcohol may reduce the effect of melatonin on sleep. The mechanism of this interaction is not fully understood.

In addition, CYP450 1A2 inducers like cigarette smoking may reduce exogenous melatonin plasma levels. In a small clinical trial (n=8), habitual smokers had their melatonin plasma levels measured two times, each after a single oral dose of 25 mg of melatonin. They had smoked prior to the first measurement but had not smoked for 7 days prior to the second. Cigarette smoking significantly reduced melatonin plasma exposure (AUC) as compared to melatonin levels after 7 days of smoking abstinence (7.34 +/- 1.85 versus 21.07 +/- 7.28 nmol/L*h, respectively).

MANAGEMENT: Caution and monitoring are recommended if melatonin is used with inhibitors of CYP450 1A2 like caffeine or inducers of CYP450 1A2 like cigarette smoking. Consumption of alcohol should be avoided when taking melatonin.

References

  1. Hartter S, Nordmark A, Rose DM, Bertilsson L, Tybring G, Laine K (2003) "Effects of caffeine intake on the pharmacokinetics of melatonin, a probe drug for CYP1A2 activity." Br J Clin Pharmacol, 56, p. 679-682
  2. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."
  3. Ursing C, Bahr CV, Brismar K, Rojdmark S (2005) "Influence of cigarette smoking on melatonin levels in man" Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 61, p. 197-201

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Therapeutic duplication warnings

No warnings were found for your selected drugs.

Therapeutic duplication warnings are only returned when drugs within the same group exceed the recommended therapeutic duplication maximum.


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Drug Interaction Classification

These classifications are only a guideline. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific individual is difficult to determine. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.
Major Highly clinically significant. Avoid combinations; the risk of the interaction outweighs the benefit.
Moderate Moderately clinically significant. Usually avoid combinations; use it only under special circumstances.
Minor Minimally clinically significant. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan.
Unknown No interaction information available.

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.