Ketalean (Canada)

Manufacturer: Bimeda-MTC

Ketamine Hydrochloride Injection USP

DIN 00612316

Sterile

Veterinary Use Only

Analgesic / Anaesthetic for intramuscular use in cats only.

Ketalean is a rapid acting, non-barbiturate general anesthetic for cats. It contains 115.4 mg/mL ketamine hydrochloride (2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-methylamino-cyclohexanone hydrochloride) providing the equivalent of 100 mg/mL ketamine base. Ketalean is supplied as a slightly acidic (pH 3.5-5.5) solution for intramuscular injection and contains 0.01% benzethonium chloride as preservative. Ketalean is available in 50 mL vials.

Action

Ketalean is a rapid acting anesthetic producing an anesthetic state characterized by profound analgesia, normal pharyngeal-laryngeal reflexes and skeletal muscle tone, mild cardiac stimulation and some respiratory depression. The anesthetic state produced by ketamine has been termed "dissociative anesthesia" in that it appears to selectively interrupt association of the brain before producing somesthetic sensory blockade.

Following administration of recommended doses of Ketalean, blood pressure and heart rate are usually moderately and transiently increased. Respiratory rate, on the other hand, is usually decreased in cats. The pharyngeal reflexes are maintained thus aiding in maintenance of a patent airway. Although some salivation is occasionally noted, the persistence of the swallowing reflex effectively reduces the hazards of salivation.

Other reflexes, e.g. corneal, pedal, etc., are maintained under Ketalean anesthesia, and should not be used as criteria for depth of anesthesia. Moreover, the eyes normally remain open with the pupil dilated, making it prudent to apply a bland ointment if anesthesia is to be prolonged. By single intramuscular injection in cats, Ketalean has a wide margin of safety.

Following administration of recommended doses of Ketalean, most cats become ataxic in about 5 minutes, and anesthesia will normally last 30-45 minutes. Recovery is generally smooth and uneventful, especially if animals are not stimulated by sound or handling during the recovery period. At the lower doses, complete recovery usually occurs in 4-5 hours, but with higher levels of Ketalean, recovery time is more prolonged and less predictable. With high levels, complete recovery may take 24 hours or more in some selected cases especially if the patient is in poor condition or suffering from nephritis.

Ketalean Indications

Ketalean is recommended as the sole anesthetic agent for diagnostic and surgical procedures. Although best suited to short procedures, it can be used, with additional doses, in procedures requiring anesthesia for periods of six hours or longer.

Ketalean Caution

For intramuscular use in cats only.

Contraindications

The use of Ketalean is not indicated in kittens under 12 weeks of age as it is not unusual in immature cats for anesthesia to be of shorter duration. Ketamine hydrochloride is contraindicated for procedures in cats requiring complete skeletal muscle relaxation.

Precautions

Because the drug is excreted in the urine by cats, largely unchanged, caution should be exercised in dosing subjects with severe renal impairment. Caution should also be exercised in administering the drug to animals with cardiovascular abnormalities due to its hypertensive effect in cats. Premedication with atropine may, to some degree, deepen and prolong anesthesia in the cat.

Adverse Reactions

At high dose, respiratory depression may occur. If at any time cyanosis occurs, or if respiration becomes excessively depressed, resuscitative measures should be instituted promptly, e.g. artificial respiration, oxygen administration, etc.

Ketalean Dosage And Administration

Ketalean is well tolerated by cats when administered by intramuscular injection.

Fasting prior to induction of anesthesia by Ketalean is not essential, however, when preparing for elective surgery, it is prudent to withhold food for at least six hours prior to induction of anesthesia.

As with other anesthetic agents, the individual response to Ketalean is somewhat varied depending on the dose, general condition, and age of subject so that dosage recommendations cannot be absolutely fixed.

The following schedule of dosage is recommended:

11-22 mg/kg body weight: MINOR SURGERY, SUTURING, ETC., MINOR DENTAL PROCEDURES, SIMPLE DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY, RESTRAINT FOR EXAMINATION (INCLUDING INTERIOR OF EYE), DRESSING, GROOMING, ETC.

22-33 mg/kg body weight: CASTRATION, CATHETERIZATION, DECLAWING.

33-44 mg/kg body weight: GENERAL SURGERY, ABDOMINAL SURGERY (INCLUDING OVARIOHYSTERECTOMY), ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY, MAJOR DENTISTRY.

Storage

Store at room temperature between 15°C-25°C. Do not freeze. Protect from light. Colour of solution may vary from colourless to very slightly yellowish and may darken upon prolonged exposure to light. This darkening does not affect the potency. Do not use if precipitate appears.

Bimeda-MTC Animal Health Inc., Cambridge, ON N3C 2W4

8KET005B

Net
50 mL	8KET004B, 8KET003B

Nac No.

11940374