Praziquantel Side Effects

Brand Names: Biltricide

Please note - some side effects for Praziquantel may not be reported. Always consult your doctor or healthcare specialist for medical advice. You may also report side effects to the FDA.

Side Effects of Praziquantel - for the Consumer

Praziquantel

All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome when using Praziquantel:

Dizziness; general feeling of being unwell; headache; nausea; stomach upset.

Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); bloody diarrhea; fever; seizures; severe or persistent vomiting; slow or irregular heartbeat.

This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. To report side effects to the appropriate agency, please read the Guide to Reporting Problems to FDA.

Side Effects by Body System - for Healthcare Professionals

General

Praziquantel is generally well tolerated. Side effects are typically mild and transient and do not require treatment. The following were observed generally in order of severity: malaise, headache, dizziness, abdominal discomfort (with or without nausea), rise in temperature and, rarely, urticaria. Such symptoms can, however, also result from the infection itself. Such side effects may be more frequent and/or serious in patients with a heavy worm burden.

Nervous system

The inflammatory reaction produced by antigenic substances released from dying cysts frequently involves increased intracranial pressure, seizures, severe headaches, nausea, and vomiting. In areas where Taenia solium is endemic, these reactions may occur as the result of undiagnosed cysticercosis in patients being treated for other parasitic infections. Corticosteroids are helpful in controlling this reaction, and the dosage needs to be tailored to the patient's individual needs. Corticosteroids may need to be continued past praziquantel therapy, as the duration of the reaction differs among patients. Delayed reactions have been reported.

Nervous system side effects have included headache, dizziness, and drowsiness. The treatment of neurocysticercosis with praziquantel may precipitate a cerebral inflammatory reaction in response to antigenic substances produced by dying cysts. Convulsion, somnolence, and vertigo have been reported during postmarketing experience.

Gastrointestinal

Gastrointestinal side effects have included abdominal discomfort (with or without nausea), nausea and diarrhea. A syndrome of severe abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea was reported less frequently during the treatment of schistosomiasis. Gagging and vomiting have been reported due to the bitter taste of the tablets. Abdominal pain, anorexia, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting have been reported during postmarketing experience.

Other

Other side effects have included malaise, rise in temperature, transient edema, and fever. Asthenia has been reported during postmarketing experience.

Musculoskeletal

Musculoskeletal side effects have included musculoskeletal aches and fatigue. Myalgia has been reported during postmarketing experience.

Dermatologic

Dermatologic side effects have included urticaria. At least one case of Mazzotti-like reaction has been reported. Pruritus has been reported during postmarketing experience.

A 13-year-old male developed Mazzotti reaction after treatment with ivermectin, praziquantel, and albendazole for presumptive schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis. Six days after receiving standard empiric therapy, he developed epigastric pain, vomiting, and urticaria. This progressed in 4 hours and included fever, general myalgia and edema of the face, lower extremities and penis accompanied by urticaria of the arms, legs, and trunk. He was diagnosed with a Mazzotti reaction and treated with methylprednisolone and the symptoms subsided within 12 hours.

Hepatic

Hepatic side effects have included minimal increases in liver enzymes.

Cardiovascular

Cardiovascular side effects have included arrhythmia (including bradycardia, ectopic rhythms, ventricular fibrillation, atrioventricular blocks) during postmarketing experience.

Hematologic

Hematologic side effects have included eosinophilia during postmarketing experience.

Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity side effects have included allergic reaction (generalized hypersensitivity) including polyserositis during postmarketing experience.

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