Phenylephrine Hydrochloride / Guaifenesin
Pronouncation: (Fen-ill-EFF-rin HIGH-droe-KLOR-ide /GWHY-fen-ah-sin)Class: Decongestant, Expectorant
Trade Names:
Rescon-GG
- Liquid 5 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 100 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
Entex
- Liquid 7.5 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 100 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
Guaifed-PD
- Capsules 7.5 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 200 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
Entex ER
- Capsules, extended-release 10 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 300 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
Guaifed
- Capsules 15 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 400 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
SINUvent PE
- Tablets 15 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 600 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
GFN 600/Phenylephrine 20
- Tablets 20 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 600 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
Liquibid-PD
- Tablets, extended-release 20 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 315 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
Entex LA
- Capsules, extended-release 30 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 600 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
Liquibid-D
- Tablets, extended-release 40 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 650 mg guaifenesin
Trade Names:
Liquibid-D 1200
- Tablets, extended-release 40 mg phenylephrine hydrochloride and 1,200 mg guaifenesin
Pharmacology
Feedback for Phenylephrine Hydrochloride/Guaifenesin
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Stimulates postsynaptic alpha-receptors, resulting in vasoconstriction, which reduces congestion.
GuaifenesinMay enhance output of respiratory tract fluid by reducing adhesiveness and surface tension, enhancing removal of viscous mucus and making nonproductive coughs more productive and less frequent.
Indications and Usage
Temporary relief of symptoms of upper respiratory tract disorders such as sinusitis, vasomotor rhinitis, and hay fever; temporary relief of coughs associated with respiratory tract infections and related conditions such as sinusitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, and asthma when tenacious mucus and/or mucus plugs and congestion complicate these conditions.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to any component of product; hypersensitivity or idiosyncrasy to sympathomimetic amines, which may manifest by insomnia, dizziness, weakness, tremor, or arrhythmias. Phenylephrine is contraindicated in patients with hypertension or ventricular tachycardia and should be employed only with extreme caution in elderly patients or in patients with hyperthyroidism, bradycardia, partial heart block, myocardial disease, or severe arteriosclerosis. Phenylephrine is contraindicated in patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) therapy and for 14 days after stopping MAO therapy (see Interactions section).
Dosage and Administration
See prescribing information for specific dosing information.
Adults and Children (12 yr of age and older) Tablets/capsules, extended-releasePO 1 or 2 every 12 h.
LiquidsPO 10 mL every 4 to 6 h.
Children (6 to 12 yr of age) Tablets/capsules, extended-releasePO ½ to 1 every 12 h.
LiquidsPO 5 mL every 4 to 6 h.
General Advice
- Give with food if GI upset occurs.
- Tablets may be broken in half for ease of administration. Do not crush or chew tablets or half-tablets.
Storage/Stability
Store tablets at controlled room temperature (59° to 86°F).
Drug Interactions
Beta-adrenergic blockers, MAOIsMay potentiate the pressor effect of phenylephrine.
Digitalis glycosides, other vasopressor drugs during halothane anesthesiaThe risk of cardiac arrhythmias may be increased.
Guanethidine, mecamylamine, methyldopa, reserpine, veratrum alkaloidsHypotensive effects of these agents may be reduced.
Tricyclic antidepressantsEffects of phenylephrine may be decreased.
Laboratory Test Interactions
Guaifenesin may interfere with the interpretation of the test for urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid for the diagnosis of carcinoid syndrome; VMA test for catecholamines may be falsely elevated; guaifenesin may increase renal Cl for urate and thereby lower serum uric acid levels.
Adverse Reactions
Cardiovascular
Tachycardia; palpitations; arrhythmias; CV collapse with hypotension.
CNS
Headache; dizziness; fear; anxiety; nervousness; restlessness; tremor; weakness; insomnia; hallucinations; convulsions; CNS depression.
GI
Nausea.
Genitourinary
Dysuria.
Respiratory
Respiratory difficulty.
Miscellaneous
Pallor.
Precautions
Pregnancy
Category C .
Lactation
Small amounts of phenylephrine excreted in breast milk.
Children
Not recommended for use in children younger than 6 yr of age.
Elderly
Patients 60 yr of age and older are more likely to experience adverse sympathomimetic effects.
Special Risk Patients
Use with caution in patients with hypertension, heart disease, asthma, hyperthyroidism, increased IOP, diabetes mellitus, prostatic hypertrophy.
Drug abuse
Has abuse potential.
Overdosage
Symptoms
Cardiac arrhythmias, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, palpitation, tremor, dizziness, vomiting, fear, labored breathing, headache, dryness of mouth, pallor, weakness, panic, anxiety, confusion, hallucinations, delirium.
Patient Information
- Advise patient how to properly take medication.
- Advise patient that tablets may be broken in half for ease of administration.
- Instruct patient to not chew or crush tablets or half-tablets and to swallow whole.
- Advise patient to take with food if GI upset occurs.
- Advise patient that if a dose is missed to take as soon as remembered unless it is nearing time for the next dose. Caution patient to not double the dose to catch up.
- Instruct patient to discontinue use and report any of the following symptoms to health care provider: nervousness, dizziness, sleeplessness; persistent or recurrent cough; cough associated with fever, rash, or persistent headache; bothersome adverse reactions.
- Advise patient that if symptoms are not controlled, not to increase the dose of medication but to inform health care provider.
- Caution patient not to take MAOI while taking this medication.
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