Grape Seed
Common names: Grape seed, muskat, oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes (OPC), proanthocyanidin , procyanidolic oligomers (PCO)
Efficacy-safety rating:
ÒÒ...Ethno or other evidence of efficacy.
Safety rating:
●...No safety concerns despite wide use.What is Grape Seed?
Red grape seeds are generally obtained as a by-product of wine production. When ground, these seeds become the source of grape seed oil. The highest concentration of proanthocyanidins is found in the skin or membrane of the grape seed. Proanthocyanidins are one type of naturally occurring plant compounds called bioflavonoids.
What is Grape Seed used for?
Miscellaneous UsesGrape seed is known for its antioxidant properties. Limited studies suggest possible cardiovascular, chemopreventive, and cytoprotective effects.
Traditional/Ethnobotanical UsesProcyanidolic oligomers (PCO) are found in grape seed. PCO extracts have been marketed in France for decades as treatment for venous and capillary disorders (eg, retinopathy, venous insufficiency, vascular fragility). Red wine contains PCO, and when used in association with a nonatherogenic diet, may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease.
What is the dosage of Grape Seed?
Extracts of grape seeds containing mostly proanthocyanidin have been studied for antioxidant and cardiovascular properties, as well as for venous insufficiency and ophthalmologic disorders at doses of 50 to 300 mg/day. A maximum of 900 mg/day has been used.
Is Grape Seed safe?
ContraindicationsContraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to grape seed.
Pregnancy/nursingInformation regarding safety and efficacy in pregnancy and lactation is lacking.
InteractionsCaution is advised when administering supplements containing grape seed polyphenols at the same time as vitamin C to hypertensive patients because increases in blood pressure may occur.
Side EffectsNone well documented. It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to grape seed. Stomach pain, headache, and an allergic reaction have been reported. Additional clinical studies are recommended.
ToxicitiesNo toxicity in humans has been reported.
References
- Grape Seed. Review of Natural Products. Facts & Comparisons 4.0. July 2007. Accessed July 10, 2007.
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