Corixa and GlaxoSmithKline announce FDA approval of Bexxar
Corixa and GlaxoSmithKline announce FDA approval of Bexxar
SEATTLE, WASH., and PHILADELPHIA, PA., June 30, 2003 -- Corixa Corporation and GlaxoSmithKline announced that the FDA has approved Bexxar (tositumomab and Iodine I 131 tositumomab) for the treatment of patients with CD20 positive, follicular, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), with and without transformation, whose disease is refractory to Rituximab and has relapsed following chemotherapy.
"The approval of Bexxar is the culmination of a decade of collaboration between our scientists and many outside investigators and is a victory for patients with NHL who have been waiting for new options," said Steven Gillis, Ph.D., chairman and chief executive officer of Corixa Corporation.
"Bexxar represents our vision of a new direction in cancer therapy. It is a targeted treatment that is also specifically dosed based on individual patient characteristics, it is given in a single short course of therapy, and it can provide durable responses in patients whose disease does not respond to other treatments," said Kevin Lokay, vice president of Oncology at GlaxoSmithKline. "We have dedicated significant resources to training and supporting the treatment teams who will be administering the Bexxar therapeutic regimen to ensure this important new therapy is available as soon as possible for the patients who will benefit from it."
Bexxar is a dual-action therapy that pairs the tumor-targeting ability of a cytotoxic (cancer killing) monoclonal antibody (Tositumomab) and the therapeutic potential of radiation (Iodine-131) with patient-specific dosing. Combined, these agents form a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody (Iodine I 131 Tositumomab) that is able to bind to the target antigen CD20 found on NHL cells, thereby initiating an immune response against the cancer and delivering a dose of radiation directly to tumor cells.
The efficacy of the Bexxar therapeutic regimen was examined in a multi-center, single-arm study of 40 patients with follicular NHL whose disease had relapsed following or had not responded to Rituximab. The median age of patients in the study was 57 (range: 35-78) and the median number of prior chemotherapies was 4 (range: 1-11). Eighty-eight percent of patients met the definition of Rituximab refractory (defined as no response or a response of less than 6 months in duration). In patients with Rituximab refractory disease, 63 percent of patients had a response to Bexxar, with a median duration of response of 25 months. Twenty-nine percent of patients had a complete response (no clinical signs of disease) to Bexxar. The median duration of complete responses has not been reached after a median follow up of 26 months.
The results of this study were supported by demonstration of durable objective responses in four other single-arm studies enrolling 190 patients with Rituximab-naive, follicular NHL, with or without transformation, who had relapsed following or were refractory to chemotherapy. In these studies, the overall response rates ranged from 47 percent to 64 percent and the median durations of response ranged from 12 to 18 months.
"Bexxar produced an impressive rate of complete and durable remissions in patients who had relapsed following or failed to respond to both chemotherapy and Rituximab therapy," said Mark S. Kaminski, M.D., professor of internal medicine and co-director of the Leukemia/Lymphoma/Bone Marrow Transplant Program at the University of Michigan Cancer Center. "Bexxar gives us the opportunity to offer real hope to the follicular NHL patients including those who have exhausted other treatment options."
The most common adverse reactions occurring in the clinical trials included neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia that can be both prolonged and severe. Of 230 patients included in the safety data from five clinical trials, 63 percent had documented Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, 53 percent had Grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia, and 29 percent had Grade 3 or 4 anemia. Twenty-seven percent of patients received one or more blood transfusions or blood cell growth factors, eight percent of patients experienced a serious infection and 12 percent experienced bleeding events; the majority were mild to moderate. The most common non-hematologic side effects included asthenia (weakness), fever, nausea, infection and cough. The Bexxar therapeutic regimen was associated with a risk of hypothyroidism and human anti-murine antibody (HAMA) formation. Certain chemotherapy agents and ionizing radiation have been associated with the development of myelodysplasia (MDS), secondary leukemia and solid tumors. MDS, secondary leukemia and solid tumors have also been observed in patients receiving the Bexxar therapeutic regimen. Bexxar carries a warning about infusion-related reactions that may be induced by the administration of foreign proteins. Hypersensitivity reactions occurred in six percent of patients. Adjustments of the rate of infusion to control adverse reactions occurred in seven percent of patients.
The Bexxar Therapeutic Regimen The Bexxar therapeutic regimen consists of four components administered in two steps over seven to fourteen days, usually on an outpatient basis. The first set of infusions includes the non-radioactive antibody, Tositumomab, used to improve the distribution in the body of the subsequent radioactive antibody and increase its uptake in the tumor, followed by a dosimetric infusion, containing the antibody and a trace amount of radioactive Iodine-131. The dosimetric step allows the rate of clearance of radioactivity from the body to be determined by the use of gamma camera counts obtained at three time points. Clearance is dependent on factors such as tumor size and bone marrow involvement. From these determinations, the patient-specific amount of radioactivity necessary to deliver the targeted therapeutic total body dose of radiation can be calculated. Seven to fourteen days after the dosimetric step, the patient returns for the therapeutic step, which includes two infusions, again beginning with the non-radioactive antibody, followed by the calculated patient-specific radioactivity needed to deliver the targeted total body dose of radiation.
Healthcare professionals and people with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma may obtain more information about the Bexxar therapeutic regimen by calling 1-877-4Bexxar or visiting www.Bexxar.com
Source: Corixa Corporation; GlaxoSmithKline
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