Pleural fluid culture
Alternative Names: Culture - pleural fluid
Pleural fluid culture is a test that looks at a sample of fluid from the space around the lungs to find and identify disease-causing microorganisms.
Why is the Test Performed?
The test is performed when the health care provider suspects an infection of the pleural space, or when a chest x-ray reveals an abnormal collection of pleural fluid.
How is the Test Performed?
A procedure called thoracentesis is done to obtain a sample of pleural fluid. The health care provider cleans a small area on your chest with germ-killing (antibacterial) soap and numbs the area with local pain-killing medicine (anesthetic). A needle is placed between the ribs, and a sample of fluid is taken from the chest.
The sample is placed on special plates that contain a substance to help the microorganisms in the fluid grow. When colonies of microorganisms are big enough, the health care provider does a series of tests to identify the infection-causing microorganisms.
Preparation for the Test
It is important not to cough, breathe deeply, or move when the fluid sample is being taken. There is no other special preparation for the test.
How will the Test Feel?
You may feel a stinging sensation when the anesthetic is injected. You may feel some pressure and slight pain in the area when the thoracentesis needle enters the pleural space. You may have a chest x-ray after the test to make sure the test did not affect the lung tissue or function.
Pleural fluid culture Risks
There is a risk of internal bleeding into the lung and collapsed lung (pneumothorax). Serious complications are extremely rare.
Normal Results for Pleural fluid culture
Normally, no microorganisms are present in the pleural fluid.
Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.
What Abnormal Results Mean
Abnormal results may indicate:
- Congestive heart failure
- Empyema
- Lung abscess
- Pneumonia
- Tuberculosis
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Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.
Copyright 2011 A.D.A.M., Inc.
