Inflatable artificial sphincter

Alternative Names: Artificial sphincter (AUS) - urinary

Sphincters are muscles that allow your body to hold in urine. An inflatable artificial (human-made) sphincter is a medical device that keeps urine from leaking when your urinary sphincter no longer works well. When you need to urinate, the cuff of the artificial sphincter can be relaxed so urine can flow out.

See also:

• Anterior vaginal wall repair
• Urinary incontinence - collagen implants
• Urinary incontinence - retropubic suspension
• Urinary incontinence - tension-free vaginal tape

Description of Procedure

You will have either general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia before the procedure. With general anesthesia, you will be unconscious and will not feel pain. With spinal anesthesia, you will be awake but numb from the waist down, and you will not feel pain.

An artificial sphincter has three parts:

• A cuff, which fits around your urethra, the tube that carries urine from your bladder to the outside of your body. When it is inflated (full), the cuff closes off your urethra to stop urine flow or leakage.
• A balloon, which is placed under your belly muscles. It holds the same liquid as the cuff.
• A pump, which is placed in a man's scrotum, or underneath the skin in a woman's lower belly or leg. The pump inflates the cuff.

A surgical cut (incision) will be made in one of these areas so that the cuff can be put in place:

• Scrotum (men)
• Labia (women)
• Lower belly (men and women)

Once the artificial sphincter is in place, you will use the pump to empty (deflate) and fill (inflate) the cuff. Squeezing the pump moves fluid from the cuff to the balloon. When the cuff is empty, your urethra opens so that you can urinate. The cuff will re-inflate on its own in 90 seconds.

Risks of Inflatable artificial sphincter

This procedure is generally safe. Ask your doctor about these possible complications.

Risks for any surgery are:

• Infection at the site of the incision
• Opening of the incision
• Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs
• Breathing problems
• Bleeding
• Other infection

Risks for this surgery may include:

• Damage to the urethra, bladder, or vagina
• Difficulty emptying your bladder, which may require a catheter
• Urine leakage that may get worse
• Failure, infection, or wearing away of the device that requires surgery to remove it

Inflatable artificial sphincter	Anal sphincter anatomy	Inflatable artificial sphincter - series

Review Date: 6/17/2010
Reviewed By: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc., and Scott Miller, MD, Urologist in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia.

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