Basic metabolic panel

Alternative Names: SMAC7; Sequential multi-channel analysis with computer-7; SMA7; Metabolic panel 7; CHEM-7

The basic metabolic panel is a group of blood tests that provides information about your body's metabolism.

See also:

• Blood chemistry
• Comprehensive metabolic panel

Why is the Test Performed?

This test can be used to evaluate kidney function, blood acid/base balance, and your levels of blood sugar, and electrolytes. Depending on which lab you use, a basic metabolic panel may also check your levels of calcium and a protein called albumin.

How is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is needed. For information on how this is done, see: Venipuncture

Preparation for the Test

You should not eat or drink for 8 hours before the test.

How will the Test Feel?

When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.

Basic metabolic panel Risks

Veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a blood sample from some people may be more difficult than from others.

Other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include:

• Excessive bleeding
• Fainting or feeling light-headed
• Hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
• Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)

Normal Results for Basic metabolic panel

• BUN: 7 to 20 mg/dL
• CO2 (carbon dioxide): 20 to 29 mmol/L
• Creatinine: 0.8 to 1.4 mg/dL
• Glucose: 64 to 128 mg/dL
• Serum chloride: 101 to 111 mmol/L
• Serum potassium: 3.7 to 5.2 mEq/L
• Serum sodium: 136 to 144 mEq/L

Key to abbreviations:

• L = liter
• dL = deciliter = 0.1 liter
• mg = milligram
• mmol = millimole
• mEq = milliequivalents

Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.

The examples above show the common measurements for results for these tests. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens.

What Abnormal Results Mean

Abnormal results can be due to a variety of different medical conditions, including kidney failure, breathing problems, and diabetes-related complications. See the individual tests for detailed information:

• BUN
• Creatinine
• CO2 (carbon dioxide)
• Glucose
• Serum chloride
• Serum potassium
• Serum sodium

Review Date: 5/30/2011
Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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