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Alcoholic ketoacidosis

Definition

Alcoholic ketoacidosis is the build up of ketones in the blood. Ketones are a type of acid that form when the body breaks down fat for energy.

The condition is an acute form of metabolic acidosis.

Alternative Names

Ketoacidosis - alcoholic

Causes

Alcoholic ketoacidosis is caused by alcohol use, usually excessive.

Symptoms

Fatigue
Slow, sluggish, lethargic movement
Breathing difficulty leading, when untreated, to an abnormal breathing pattern
Irregular deep, rapid breathing (Kussmaul's sign)
Loss of appetite
Nausea and vomiting
Abdominal pain
Symptoms of dehydration, such as dizziness and light-headedness
Confusion
Agitation
Changes in mental activity leading to loss of consciousness

Exams and Tests

Urine ketones
Blood chemistries, such as CHEM-20
Tests to check blood alcohol level

Treatment

Treatment may involve fluids given through a vein. You may need to have your blood taken frequently.

Some people with this condition need to stay in the intensive care unit of a hospital.

Outlook (Prognosis)

Prompt medical attention improves the overall outlook.

Possible Complications

This can be a life-threatening disorder.

When to Contact a Medical Professional

If you or someone else has symptoms of alcoholic ketoacidosis, seek emergency medical help.

Prevention

Limiting the amount of alcohol you drink may help prevent this condition.

Review Date: 6/17/2007
Reviewed By: Benjamin W. Van Voorhees, MD, MPH, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Pediatrics and Psychiatry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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